A5022185496- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Immune cells in cancer
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- RNA regulation and disease
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- RNA Research and Splicing
Oslo University Hospital
2025
University of Oslo
2025
University of Kansas Medical Center
2024
University of California, Merced
2015-2024
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2011-2015
IIT@MIT
2012
Stanford University
2008-2011
Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies
2008
NF-κB is an integral component of the immune response to Toxoplasma gondii. Although evidence exists that T. gondii can directly modulate pathway, parasite-derived effectors involved are unknown. We determined type II strains activate more than I or III strains, and using forward genetics we found this difference a result polymorphic protein GRA15, novel dense granule which secretes into host cell upon invasion. A GRA15-deficient strain has severe defect in both nuclear translocation...
IFN-γ is a major cytokine that mediates resistance against the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The p65 guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are strongly induced by IFN-γ. We studied behavior of murine GBP1 (mGBP1) upon infection with T. gondii in vitro and confirmed IFN-γ-dependent re-localization mGBP1 to parasitophorous vacuole (PV) correlates virulence type parasite. identified three parasitic factors, ROP16, ROP18, GRA15 determine strain-specific accumulation on PV. These highly...
ABSTRACT Toxoplasma gondii transmission between intermediate hosts is dependent on the ingestion of walled cysts formed during chronic phase infection. Immediately following consumption, parasite must ensure survival host by preventing adverse inflammatory responses and/or limiting its own replication. Since secreted effectors rhoptry 16 kinase (ROP16) and dense granule 15 (GRA15) activate JAK-STAT3/6 NF-κB signaling pathways, respectively, we explored whether a particular combination these...
The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii infects a wide variety of vertebrate species globally. Infection in most hosts causes lifelong chronic infection and generates immunological memory responses that protect the host against new infections. In regions where organism is endemic, multiple exposures to T. likely occur with great frequency, yet little known about interaction between chronically infected strains from these areas. A widely used model explore secondary entails challenge or...
The T cell receptor (TCR) and associated CD3γε, δε, ζζ signaling dimers allow cells to discriminate between different antigens respond accordingly, but our knowledge of how these parts fit work together is incomplete. In this study, we provide additional evidence that the CD3 heterodimers congregate on one side TCR in both αβ γδTCR-CD3 complexes. We also report other αβTCR mediates homotypic interactions signaling. Specifically, an erythropoietin receptor-based dimerization assay was used...
Abstract Infection directly influences adult hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function and differentiation, but the fetal response to infection during pregnancy is not well‐studied. Here, we investigated maternal with Toxoplasma gondii ( T. ), an intracellular parasite that elicits Type II IFNγ‐mediated immunity. While it known without direct pathogen transmission can affect immune development, effects of IFNγ on developing HSCs signals mediate these interactions have been investigated. Our...
Abstract Background Accurate gene model predictions and annotation of alternative splicing events are imperative for genomic studies in organisms that contain genes with multiple exons. Currently most models the intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii , based on computer without cDNA sequence verification. Additionally, nature extent is unknown. In this study, we used de novo transcript assembly published type II (ME49) to quantify improve current annotations. Results We high-throughput...
gammadelta Tau cells, together with alphabeta are abundantly present in the epithelial layer of small intestine (IEL) and essential for host's first line defense. Whether or not IELs, like derived from thymocytes that encounter self-Ags thymus is unclear. In this study, we report a natural population T cells specific nonclassical MHC class I molecules T10 T22 IEL compartment mice do express T10/T22. Furthermore, intestinal homing receptor CCR9 preferentially expressed on have yet to ligand,...
Macrophages display flexible activation states that range between pro-inflammatory (classical activation) and anti-inflammatory (alternative activation). These macrophage polarization contribute to a variety of organismal phenotypes such as tissue remodeling susceptibility infectious inflammatory diseases. Several macrophage- or immune-related genes have been shown modulate disease pathogenesis. However, the potential role differences in play modulating is just emerging. We integrated...
Host resistance to Toxoplasma gondii relies on CD8 T cell IFNγ responses, which if modulated by the host or parasite could influence chronic infection and transmission between hosts. Since host-parasite interactions that govern this response are not fully elucidated, we investigated requirements for eliciting naïve responses a vacuolar resident antigen of T. gondii, TGD057. Naïve TGD057 antigen-specific cells (T57) were isolated from transnuclear mice responded parasite-infected bone...
T cell exhaustion is a state of hyporesponsiveness that develops during many chronic infections and cancer. Neutralization inhibitory receptors, or "checkpoint blockade," can reverse lead to beneficial prognoses in experimental clinical settings. Whether checkpoint blockade resolve lethal acute less understood but may be vaccination protocols fail elicit sterilizing immunity. Since fully protective vaccine for any human parasite has yet developed, we explored the efficacy inhibitors mouse...
Alternative splicing and mRNA editing are known to contribute transcriptome diversity. Although alternative is pervasive contributes a variety of pathologies, including cancer, the genetic context for individual differences in isoform usage still evolving. Similarly, although ubiquitous associated with important biological processes such as intracellular viral replication cancer development, variations transmissibility equivocal. Here, we have used linkage analysis show that both regulated...
Protective immunity to parasitic infections has been difficult elicit by vaccines. Among parasites that evade vaccine-induced is Toxoplasma gondii , which causes lethal secondary in chronically infected mice. Here we report unlike susceptible C57BL/6J mice, A/J mice were highly resistant infection. To identify correlates of immunity, utilized forward genetics Nfkbid a nuclear regulator NF-κB required for B cell activation and B-1 development. -null (“ bumble ”) did not generate...
Glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) are highly conserved anchors for eukaryotic cell surface proteins. The apicomplexan parasite,
Abstract IL-2Rα, in part, comprises the high affinity receptor for IL-2, a cytokine important immune proliferation, activation, and regulation. IL-2Rα deficient mice (IL-2Rα-KO) develop systemic autoimmune disease die from severe anemia between 18 80 days of age. These kinetically distinct progression, with approximately quarter dying by 21 age half after 30 days. This research aims to define parameters signaling that distinguish cohorts IL-2Rα-KO early- versus late-stage disease. To...
Abstract Unlike in infection and cancer, T cell exhaustion autoimmune disease has not been clearly defined. Here we set out to understand inhibitory protein (PD-1, Tim3, CTLA4, Lag3) expression CXCR5- CXCR5+ CD8 CD4 cells systemic lupus erythematosus. express PD-1 engage B germinal center reactions, leading autoantibody formation autoimmunity. We hypothesized that develop an exhausted phenotype as SLE autoimmunity expands from initial chronic, self-perpetuating due chronic self-antigen...