Rationale & ObjectiveBenefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on kidney outcomes have been demonstrated in clinical trials. Among patients with type diabetes and established cardiovascular (CV) disease enrolled the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01131676), empagliflozin added to standard care (SOC) reduced risk incident or worsening nephropathy compared SOC alone. This analysis evaluated cost-effectiveness versus alone subpopulation diabetic (DKD) from...

In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial, empagliflozin therapy reduced cardiovascular death by 38% compared with placebo when added to standard of care. Using trial results, we created a discrete-event simulation model assess lifetime health economic outcomes in people Type 2 diabetes and established disease.Time-dependent survival regression analysis was performed on data from for 10 renal events (e.g. stroke, heart failure hospitalization, macroalbuminuria, mortality) capture event rates over time,...

Abstract Purpose This research examined the cost-effectiveness of adding empagliflozin to standard care (SoC) compared with SoC alone for treatment heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) from perspective healthcare payers in United Kingdom (UK), Spain and France. Methods A lifetime Markov cohort model was developed simulate patients’ progression through health states based on Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score. The predicted risk death, hospitalisation...

Heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), common co-morbidities, translate into worse patient prognoses higher direct costs than for either condition alone. Empagliflozin has been shown to markedly reduce cardiovascular (CV) deaths HF hospitalizations (HHF) in patients with T2D. This study evaluated the lifetime cost-effectiveness of supplementing standard care (SoC) empagliflozin, relative SoC alone, T2D from UK payer perspective.An existing discrete-event simulation model was adapted...

Introduction Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, is approved in the USA to reduce risk of cardiovascular (CV) death adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and established CV disease, based on EMPA-REG OUTCOME (Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial Type Diabetes Mellitus Patients) trial results. Empagliflozin reduced major adverse event (MACE) by 14%, 38%, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) 35% vs placebo, each top standard care (SoC)....

BackgroundSeveral studies have reported the cost-effectiveness of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in heart failure patients; however, their economic implications not been sufficiently elucidated Japan.MethodsA Markov cohort model was developed to evaluate empagliflozin plus standard care (SoC) vs. SoC for patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) Japan. Model inputs, including risk clinical events, costs, and utilities based on Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire...

Abstract Aim To estimate the cost‐effectiveness of sequential addition empagliflozin versus sitagliptin after metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or without cardiovascular disease (CVD) from perspective US healthcare payer. Methods An individual simulation model predicted lifetime diabetes‐related complications, using UKPDS‐OM2 equations CVD, and EMPA‐REG OUTCOME CVD. Additional US‐based sources informed inputs for population characteristics, adverse events, non‐CV death,...

Background In the EMPEROR‐Reduced trial (Empagliflozin Outcome Trial in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and a Reduced Ejection Fraction), empagliflozin plus standard of care reduced composite cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure versus adults ejection fraction. This analysis investigated cost‐effectiveness 2 regimens from perspective US payors. Methods Results A Markov cohort model was developed based on Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score...

INTRODUCTION: The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial demonstrated the efficacy of empagliflozin in treatment type 2 diabetes (T2D) with a previous history cardiovascular (CV) disease. drug is currently reimbursed for T2D Italian patients, but reduction CV mortality and morbidity shown opens new perspective those patients associated high risk.OBJECTIVE: Cost-effectiveness analysis disease, from National Health Service (NHS) perspective.METHODS: was performed an individual simulation model, which can...

Background Standard of care (SoC) for transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) requires lifelong, regular blood transfusions as well chelation to reduce iron accumulation.Objective This study investigates the cost-effectiveness betibeglogene autotemcel ('beti-cel'; LentiGlobin β-thalassemia) one-time, gene addition therapy compared lifelong SoC TDT.Study design Microsimulation model simulated lifetime course TDT based on a causal sequence in which transfusion requirements determine tissue...

To estimate the cost-effectiveness of sequential use sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor empagliflozin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide after metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from US payer perspective.An economic simulation model a lifetime horizon was developed to T2D-related complications (including cardiovascular [CV] death, myocardial infarction, stroke, renal outcomes) using EMPA-REG OUTCOME data or UK Prospective Diabetes Study risk...

Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, is FDA approved to reduce the risk of CV death in adults with T2DM and established disease. EMPA-REG OUTCOME showed significant reduction major adverse event (MACE), death, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) empagliflozin vs. placebo addition SoC. Recently, CANVAS MACE HHF canagliflozin The objective this study was assess cost-effectiveness or SoC patients disease U.S. A discrete simulation model used simulate CV, renal, select...

Purpose To simulate national estimates of prepregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in non-Hispanic white (NHW) black (NHB) women. Methods Prepregnancy GDM were estimated as a function age, race/ethnicity, body mass index (BMI) using South Carolina live singleton births from 2004–2008. Diabetes risk was applied to simulated population. Age, natality BMI assigned women according race- age-specific US Census, Natality National Health Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) data,...

We design and develop a predictive model that estimates health economic outcomes associated with smoking cessation interventions using discrete-event simulation (DES). Outcomes include of sustained abstinence from smoking, quality life years gained, cost treatment, additional health-related morbidity due to long-term effects (e.g. lung cancer, stroke), cost-effectiveness the various options. Interventions assessed nicotine replacement therapy (patch or gum,), oral medication (bupropion...

We design and develop a predictive model that estimates health economic outcomes associated with smoking cessation interventions using discrete-event simulation (DES). Outcomes include of sustained abstinence from smoking, quality life years gained, cost treatment, additional health-related morbidity due to long-term effects (e.g. lung cancer, stroke), cost-effectiveness the various options. Interventions assessed nicotine replacement therapy (patch or gum,), oral medication (bupropion...

Statistical analyses and simulation are combined to provide insights about the trends in weight gain U.S. women of childbearing age. This population is specific interest because it central understanding trans-generational effects obesity future populations. We estimated BMI among age during period 1980–2010 using National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Then, we introduce a secondary approach; profile by race as was before onset epidemic (1970–1980) project Census...

Diabetes is a common contributor to chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular (CV) mortality are frequent in patients with CKD. In type 2 diabetes (T2D) established CV disease, treatment empagliflozin reduced the risk of incident or worsening nephropathy compared standard care (SoC), consistent benefit without prevalent at baseline. Given poor outcomes high economic burden advancing CKD, we investigated cost-effectiveness addition SoC vs T2D CKD baseline over lifelong time horizon...