A5081715010- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- interferon and immune responses
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Burkholderia infections and melioidosis
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Immune cells in cancer
- Herbal Medicine Research Studies
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
2020-2024
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2013-2016
Indiana State University
2009-2012
Move Over, TLR4 The innate immune system senses bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (see the Perspective by Kagan ). However, Kayagaki et al. (p 1246 , published online 25 July) and Hagar (p. 1250 ) report that hexa-acyl lipid A component of LPS from Gramnegative bacteria is able to access cytoplasm activate caspase-11 signal responses independently TLR4. Mice lack are resistant LPS-induced lethality, even in presence
Caspases are either apoptotic or inflammatory. Among inflammatory caspases, caspase-1 and -11 trigger pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death. Whereas both can be detrimental in disease, only has an established protective role during infection. Here, we report that caspase-11 is required for innate immunity to cytosolic, but not vacuolar, bacteria. Although Salmonella typhimurium Legionella pneumophila normally reside the vacuole, specific mutants (sifA sdhA, respectively) aberrantly...
Either caspase-1 or caspase-11 can cleave gasdermin D to cause pyroptosis, eliminating intracellular replication niches. We previously showed that macrophages detect Burkholderia thailandensis via NLRC4, triggering the release of interleukin (IL)-18 and driving an essential interferon (IFN)-γ response primes caspase-11. now identify IFN-γ-producing cells as a mixture natural killer (NK) T cells. Although both in neutrophils, we find NLRC4-activated triggers pyroptosis macrophages, but this...
Shigella flexneri, a cytosol-invasive gram-negative pathogen, deploys an array of type III-secreted effector proteins to evade host cell defenses. Caspase-11 and its human ortholog caspase-4 detect cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) trigger gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis eliminate intra-cytoplasmic bacterial threats. However, the role caspase-11 in combating S. flexneri is unclear. The T3SS OspC3 reportedly suppresses LPS sensing by inhibiting but not activity. Surprisingly, we found that...
Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) of Cook Biotech is licensed and widely used for tissue remodeling in humans. SIS was shown to be highly effective as an adjuvant model studies with prostate ovarian cancer vaccines. However, adjuvanticity relative alum, another important human-licensed adjuvant, has not yet been delineated terms activation innate immunity via inflammasomes boosting antibody responses soluble proteins hapten-protein conjugates. We ovalbumin, a conjugate,...
Characterizing cytokine production in situ is important for properly understanding immunologic responses. Cytokine reporter mice are limited by the need to cross markers into various knockout backgrounds and availability of reporters interest. To overcome this, we utilize injection brefeldin A enable flow cytometric analysis during a bacterial infection. While evaluate IFN-γ Burkholderia thailandensis infection, this protocol can be applied other cytokines mouse models. For complete details...
Vaccines have profoundly impacted global health although concerns persist about their potential role in autoimmune or other adverse reactions. To address these concerns, vaccine components like immunogens and adjuvants require critical evaluation not only healthy subjects but also those genetically averse to constituents. Evaluation autoimmune-prone animal models of is therefore important development. The objective here was assess the effectiveness experimental adjuvants: two phytol-derived...
The use of biological scaffold materials for wound healing and tissue remodeling has profoundly impacted regenerative medicine engineering. porcine-derived small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is a licensed bioscaffold material regularly used in repair, often contaminated surgical fields. Complications failures due to infection this biomaterial have therefore been major concern challenge. SIS can be colonized infected by wound-associated bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus. In order...
Abstract Adjuvants function as "immunologists' dirty tricks" for enhancement of immune response. However, no two adjuvants work in a similar fashion. Adjuvant efficacy depends on how they influence microenvironment, antigen presentation and retention immunogens. We are developing water-in-oil emulsion-type from phytol (J Immune Based Ther Vaccines 2006, 5:4; ibid 2007; 5: 3). Phytol is diterpene present chlorophylls, alpha-tocopherols etc. derivatives we developed hydrogenated/nitrated...
Abstract Inflammatory caspases, such as caspase-1 and -11, mediate innate immune detection of pathogens. Caspase-11 induces pyroptosis, a form programmed cell death, specifically defends against bacterial pathogens that invade the cytosol. During endotoxemia, however, excessive caspase-11 activation causes shock. We report contamination cytoplasm by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is signal triggers in mice. Specifically, responds to penta- hexa-acylated lipid A, whereas tetra-acylated A not...
Abstract Our lab has shown that inflammasome-triggered pyroptosis ejects microbes from replication niches in macrophages, exposing them to neutrophil killing. Because bona fide intracellular pathogens must evade vivo, the role of defense primarily been observed deprived evasion strategies. To identify naturally occurring bacteria are cleared via pyroptosis, we considered specific chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a killing deficiency. We hypothesize subset these may be detected by...
Abstract Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) of Cook Biotech is widely used in tissue remodeling. It also proved safe and effective enhancing efficacy a prostate cancer vaccine. In this study, we compared SIS-adjuvanticity with alum’s mobilizing innate immunity via inflammasomes, boosting antibody response to soluble proteins, ovalbumin, hapten-protein conjugate, phthalate-KLH. This evaluation carried out BALB/c, C57Bl/6 lupus-prone NZB/WF1 mice was done by both Intraperitoneal...