Neuroimaging studies with positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have delineated a human pain network in vivo. Despite the recognition of cerebral structures engaged transmission, mechanisms involved modulation are still not well understood. Here, we investigated healthy volunteers using fMRI during experimental heat distraction induced by visual incongruent color-word Stroop task. A factorial design permitted categorical covariation analysis four...

Abstract Image‐to‐image fluctuation due to physiological motion is a major limitation the accurate detection of neuronal activity with functional MRI. In this paper, new and general technique for estimation compensation effects presented. By simultaneously monitoring respiration heart beat during acquisition imaging data, retrospectively synchronizing data activity, are estimated removed. This does not rely on periodicity or beat, affect signal changes arising from activation, beneficial...

Event-related functional MRI (fMRI) was used to study blood oxygen level dependent cortical signal changes associated with volitional limb movements off and on levodopa in Parkinson's disease. Eight patients early stage akinetic disease eight healthy volunteers underwent three imaging runs (high speed echo planar 600 scans/run) while performing paced single joystick a freely chosen direction every 7–15 s. The non-magnetic linked monitoring system for on-line registration of performance...

Abstract Audiovisual perception and imitation are essential for musical learning skill acquisition. We compared professional pianists to musically naive controls with fMRI while observing piano playing finger–hand movements serial finger–thumb opposition both without synchronous sound. Pianists showed stronger activations within a fronto-parieto-temporal network contrasted of movements. Observation silent additionally recruited auditory areas in pianists. Perception sounds coupled evoked...

Abstract Bimanual motor coordination is essential for piano playing. The functional neuronal substrate high‐level bimanual performance achieved by professional pianists unclear. We compared to musically naïve controls while carrying out in‐phase ( mirror ) and anti‐phase parallel sequential finger movements during magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This task corresponds bimanually playing scales practiced daily from the beginning of Musicians showed significantly different activation...

Disturbances in recognizing facial expressions of disgust have been reported previously pre-symptomatic and manifest Huntington's disease. Given the substantial role insula basal ganglia perception as revealed by functional imaging, lesion studies intracerebral recordings, we propose dysfunction within and/or underlying neural substrate. Using MRI (fMRI), studied a group nine disease gene carriers healthy controls, matched for age, gender, intelligence years education, while they were...

<b>Objective: </b> To study with fMRI the pattern of sensorimotor activation in patients spasmodic dysphonia (laryngeal dystonia) compared to healthy controls. <b>Methods: The authors performed measurements during vocal motor tasks 12 laryngeal dystonia and them those volunteers. Patients were scanned before (pre) after (post) treatment local injections botulinum toxin (BTX). They examined two different tasks: simple vocalization inducing whispering without appearance dystonic symptoms....

Objectives In the search for neurobiological correlates of depression, a major finding is hyperactivity in limbic-paralimbic regions. However, results so far have been inconsistent, and stimuli used are often unspecific to depression. This study explored hemodynamic responses brain patients with depression while processing individualized clinically derived stimuli. Methods Eighteen unmedicated recurrent depressive disorder 17 never-depressed control subjects took part standardized clinical...

When two tasks are performed simultaneously, performance often declines in one or both tasks. These so-called dual-task costs more pronounced old than young adults. One proposed neurological mechanism of the is that compared with adults tend to execute single-tasks higher brain activation. In regions needed for tasks, reduced residual capacity may interfere dual-task. This competition shared has been called structural interference. The purpose study was determine whether interference indeed...

Unhealthy food cues are omnipresent and promote overconsumption. Although childhood obesity rates increasing, there is no strict regulation of the marketing unhealthy foods towards children. This problematic since human brain, especially areas important for cognitive control, continues to develop into 30s. It not known in how far brain response varies with body mass index (BMI) age. To investigate this, 168 children (10-17 y) 182 adults (30-67 from European IDEFICS cohort were scanned fMRI...

The aim of this study was to use time-resolved functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) investigate temporal differences in the activation supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary cortex (M1). We report data from eight human volunteers who underwent fMRI examinations a 1.5T Philips Gyroscan ACS-NT MRI scanner. While wearing contact glove, subjects executed complex automated sequence finger movements either spontaneously or response external auditory cues. Based on result scout scan,...

Objective Neurobiological models of depression posit limbic hyperactivity that should normalize after successful treatment. For psychotherapy, though, brain changes in patients with show substantial variability. Two critical issues relevant studies concern the use unspecific stimulation experiments and relatively short treatment protocols. Therefore reactions to individualized stimuli were studied eight months psychodynamic psychotherapy. Methods 18 unmedicated recurrent major depressive...

Objectives Neuroimaging data suggest that pediatric overweight and obesity are associated with morphological alterations in gray matter (GM) brain structures, but previous studies using mainly voxel-based morphometry (VBM) showed inconsistent results. Here, we aimed to examine the relationship between youth volume of predefined reward system structures magnetic resonance (MR) volumetry. We also complement volumetry VBM-style analysis. Methods Fifty-one Caucasian young subjects (32 females;...

We report headache induced BOLD changes in an atypical case of trigeminal autonomic cephalgia (TAC). A 68-year-old patient was imaged using fMRI during three attacks a periorbital head-pain with average duration 3 min. During the attacks, left sided conjunctival injection, rhinorrhea, lacrimation, facial sweating and hypersalivation were apparent. These usually partly responsive to oxygen administration but otherwise refractory any drug. The described either one minute or less longer...

Surprise is one of six emotions having a specific and universally recognized facial expression. Functional imaging neuropsychologic studies have uncovered partly separable neural substrates for perceiving different expressions; however, the functional neuroanatomy surprised faces has not yet been investigated. Using magnetic resonance (fMRI), we aimed to identify substrate surprise perception from expressions. Based on assumption unexpectedness novelty as elicitors reactions, hypothesized...

Visualizing emotionally loaded pictures intensifies peripheral reflexes toward sudden auditory stimuli, suggesting that the emotional context may potentiate responses elicited by novel events in acoustic environment. However, psychophysiological results have reported attentional resources available to sounds become depleted, as attention allocation increases. These findings raised challenging question of whether an actually enhances or attenuates novelty processing at a central level brain....

Childhood obesity is a rising problem caused in part by unhealthy food choices. Food choices are based on neural value signal encoded the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and self-control involves modulation of this dorsolateral cortex (dlPFC). We determined effects development, body mass (BMI Cole score) history correlates healthy choice children. 141 children (aged 10-17y) from Germany, Hungary Sweden were scanned with fMRI while performing task. Afterwards health taste ratings foods...

Savants and prodigies are individuals with exceptional skills in particular mental domains. In the present study we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine neural correlates of calendar calculation two individuals, a savant Asperger's disorder self-taught mathematical prodigy. If there is modular organization performance specific domain, should be reflected considerable overlap recruitment brain circuits across expert individuals. However, individual differences activation...

Temporal behavior of activation associated with the neural substrate human memory function was investigated during and after an auditorily instructed word task using multislice functional magnetic resonance imaging. The hippocampal formation, which is involved in function, displayed a long-term sustained response that persisted significantly (∼90 s) beyond duration task. This period ∼two-fold longer than post-task observed auditory areas Broca's area, are phonological loop verbal working...