The intravitreal delivery of therapeutic agents promises major benefits in the field ocular medicine. Traditional methods rely on random, passive diffusion molecules, which do not allow for rapid a concentrated cargo to defined region at posterior pole eye. use particles targeted but faces challenge that most tissues including vitreous have tight macromolecular matrix acts as barrier and prevents its penetration. Here, we demonstrate novel microvehicles-slippery micropropellers-that can be...

Abstract Biological microorganisms swim with flagella and cilia that execute nonreciprocal motions for low Reynolds number (Re) propulsion in viscous fluids. This symmetry requirement is a consequence of Purcell’s scallop theorem, which complicates the actuation scheme needed by microswimmers. However, most biomedically important fluids are non-Newtonian where theorem no longer holds. It should therefore be possible to realize microswimmer moves reciprocal periodic body-shape changes Here we...

Abstract Acoustophoresis is promising as a rapid, biocompatible, noncontact cell manipulation method, where cells are arranged along the nodes or antinodes of acoustic field. Typically, field formed in resonator, which results highly symmetric regular patterns. However, arbitrary, nonsymmetrically shaped assemblies necessary to obtain irregular cellular arrangements found biological tissues. It shown that arbitrarily patterns can be obtained from complex distribution defined by an hologram....

The ability to physically manipulate specific cells is critical for the fields of biomedicine, synthetic biology, and living materials. Ultrasound has with high spatiotemporal precision via acoustic radiation force (ARF). However, because most have similar properties, this capability disconnected from cellular genetic programs. Here, we show that gas vesicles (GVs)-a unique class gas-filled protein nanostructures-can serve as genetically encodable actuators selective manipulation. Because...

Abstract Organ models are used for planning and simulation of operations, developing new surgical instruments, training purposes. There is a substantial demand in vitro organ phantoms, especially urological surgery. Animal existing simulator systems poorly mimic the detailed morphology physical properties human organs. In this paper, we report novel fabrication process to make kidney phantom with realistic anatomical structures properties. The structure was directly acquired from high...

Abstract Acoustic assembly promises a route toward rapid parallel fabrication of whole objects directly from solution. This study reports the contact‐free and maskless assembly, fixing silicone particles into arbitrary 2D shapes using ultrasound fields. Ultrasound passes through an acoustic hologram to form target image. The assemble suspension along lines high pressure in image due radiation forces are then fixed (crosslinked) UV‐triggered reaction. For this, loaded with photoinitiator by...

Abstract Acoustic waves, capable of transmitting through optically opaque objects, have been widely used in biomedical imaging, industrial sensing and particle manipulation. High-fidelity wave front shaping is essential to further improve performance these applications. An acoustic analog the successful spatial light modulator (SLM) optics would be highly desirable. To date there no techniques shown that provide effective dynamic modulation a sound which also support scale-up high number...

In vitro fertilization (IVF) therapy is an important treatment for human infertility. However, the methods clinical IVF have only changed slightly over decades: culture medium held in oil-covered drops Petri dishes and manipulation occurs by manual pipetting. Here we report a novel microwell-structured microfluidic device that integrates single oocyte trapping, subsequent embryo culture. A microwell array was used to capture hold individual oocytes during flow-through process of sperm...

BACKGROUND Sperm screening is an essential step in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. The swim-up method, assay for sperm motility, used clinically to select the ideal subsequent manipulation. However, additional parameters, including acrosome reaction capability, chemotaxis, and thermotaxis, are also important indicators of mammalian health. To monitor both motility chemotaxis simultaneously during screening, we designed constructed a microdevice comprising straight channel connected...

In vitro fertilization (IVF) technology has been broadly applied to solve human infertility in recent years. However, the physical tools for IVF remain unchanged over several decades before microfluidic was introduced this field. Here, we report a novel microdevice that integrates each step of IVF, including oocyte positioning, sperm screening, fertilization, medium replacement, and embryo culture. Oocytes can be singly positioned 4 × array octacolumn units. The four symmetrical straight...

Soft materials are being adopted in robotics order to facilitate biomedical applications and achieve simpler more capable robots. One route simplification is design the robot's body using `smart materials' that carry burden of control actuation. Metamaterials enable just such rational material properties. Here we present a soft robot exploits mechanical metamaterials for intrinsic synchronization two passive clutches which contact its travel surface. Doing so allows it move through an...

Abstract The magnetic microrobots actuated by an external field can access distant, enclosed, and small spaces under fuel‐free conditions, which is apromising technology for manipulation delivery microenvironment; however, the complicated fabrication method limits their applications. Herein, three techniques including melt electrospinning writing (MEW), micromolding, skiving process are combined to successfully mass‐produce tadpole‐like polycaprolactone/Fe 3 O 4 (PCL/Fe ) microrobot....

Nanoplasmonic systems are valued for their strong optical response and small size. Most plasmonic sensors to date have been rigid passive. However, rendering these structures dynamic opens new possibilities applications. Here we demonstrate that nanoparticles can be used as mechanical selectively probe the rheological properties of a fluid in situ at nanoscale microscopic volumes. We fabricate chiral magneto-plasmonic nanocolloids actuated by an external magnetic field, which turn allows...

HyT-Tau-CPP reduced Tau levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model, and appeared to be a promising candidate for AD treatment.

When asymmetric Janus micromotors are immobilized on a surface, they act as chemically powered micropumps, turning chemical energy from the fluid into bulk flow. However, such pumps have previously produced only localized recirculating flows, which cannot be used to pump in one direction. Here, we demonstrate that an array of three-dimensional, photochemically active Au/TiO2 pillars can water. Upon UV illumination, water-splitting reaction rapidly creates directional flow above surface. By...

Thermotaxis has been demonstrated to be an important criterion for sperm evaluation, yet clinical assessment of thermotaxis capacity is currently lacking. In this article, the on-chip evaluation human presented first time using interfacial valve-facilitated microfluidic device. The temperature gradient was established and accurately controlled by external control system. responsive population enriched into one branch channels with higher setting non-responsive ones were evenly distributed...

Magnetism is widely used for the wireless localization and actuation of robots devices medical procedures. However, current static magnetic methods suffer from large required magnets are limited to only five degrees freedom due a fundamental constraint rotational symmetry around axis. We present small-scale magneto-oscillatory (SMOL) method, which capable wirelessly localizing millimeter-scale tracker with full six in deep biological tissues. The SMOL device uses temporal oscillation...

The rheological properties of a colloidal suspension are function the concentration colloids and their interactions. While suspensions passive well studied have been shown to form crystals, gels, glasses, examples energy-consuming "active" still largely unexplored. Active biological matter, such as motile bacteria or dense mixtures active actin-motor-protein have, respectively, reveals superfluid-like gel-like states. Attractive inanimate systems for matter chemically self-propelled...

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure that requires experience and skill surgeon. To permit surgical training under realistic conditions we report novel phantom human can be resected with TURP. The mirrors anatomy haptic properties gland permits quantitative evaluation important performance indicators. Mixtures soft materials are engineered to mimic physical tissue, including mechanical strength, electrical thermal conductivity,...

One major challenge for microrobots is to penetrate and effectively move through viscoelastic biological tissues. Most existing can only propel in viscous liquids. Recent advances demonstrate that sub-micron robots actively nanoporous tissue, such as the vitreous of eye. However, it still difficult a micron-sized device dense tissue. Here, we report special twisted helical shape together with high aspect ratio cross-section permit microrobot diameter hundreds-of-micrometers mouse liver The...

We theoretically and experimentally investigate low-Reynolds-number propulsion of geometrically achiral planar objects that possess a dipole moment are driven by rotating magnetic field. Symmetry considerations (involving parity, $\widehat{P}$, charge conjugation, $\widehat{C}$) establish correspondence between propulsive states depending on orientation the dipolar moment. Although basic symmetry arguments do not forbid individual symmetric to efficiently propel due spontaneous breaking,...