Phytohormones regulate plant growth from cell division to organ development. Jasmonates (JAs) are signaling molecules that have been implicated in stress-induced responses. However, they also shown inhibit growth, but the mechanisms not well understood. The effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on leaf regulation were investigated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants altered JA synthesis and perception, allene oxide synthase coi1-16B (for coronatine insensitive1), respectively. We show...

Potyviruses (genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae) are widely distributed and represent one of the most economically important genera plant viruses. Therefore, their accurate detection is a key factor in developing efficient control strategies. However, this can sometimes be problematic particularly species containing high amounts polysaccharides polyphenols such as yam (Dioscorea spp.). Here, we report development reliable, rapid cost-effective method for two potyviruses infecting based on...

In vitro culture offers many advantages for yam germplasm conservation, propagation and international distribution. However, low virus titres in the generated tissues pose a challenge reliable detection, which makes it difficult to ensure that planting material is virus-free. this study, we evaluated next-generation sequencing (NGS) detection following using robust tissue methodology. We detected assembled genomes of novel isolates already characterised viral species genera Badnavirus...

A closed-tube reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (CT-RT-LAMP) assay was developed for the detection of yam mosaic virus (YMV, genus Potyvirus) infecting (Dioscorea spp.). The uses a set six oligonucleotide primers targeting YMV coat protein region, and products in YMV-positive samples are visualized by chromogenic with SYBR Green I dye. CT-RT-LAMP detected leaf tuber tissues infected plants. is 100 times more sensitive detecting than standard RT-PCR, while...

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) plants are potentially hosts to a diverse range of badnavirus species (genus Badnavirus, family Caulimoviridae), but their detection is complicated by the existence integrated sequences in some yam genomes. To date, only two genomes have been characterised, namely, Dioscorea bacilliform AL virus (DBALV) and SN (DBSNV). A further 10 tentative described based on partial reverse transcriptase (RT)-ribonuclease H (RNaseH) sequences, generically referred here as viruses...

Cultured cell suspensions have been the preferred model to study apoplast as well monitor metabolic and cycle-related changes. Previous work showed that methyl jasmonate (MeJA) inhibits leaf growth in a CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1)-dependent manner, with COI1 being (JA) receptor. Here, effect of overexpression on stably transformed arabidopsis cultures is described. Time-course experiments were carried out analyse gene expression, protein metabolite levels. Both MeJA treatment modify...

Yams (Dioscorea spp.) host a diverse range of badnaviruses (genus Badnavirus, family Caulimoviridae). The first complete genome sequence Dioscorea bacilliform RT virus 3 (DBRTV3), which belongs to the monophyletic species group K5, is described. This most closely related SN (DBSNV, K4) based on comparison sequences. Recombination analysis identified unique recombination event in DBRTV3, with DBSNV likely be major parent and AL (DBALV) minor parent, providing evidence for yam badnaviruses....

To date, several viruses of different genera have been reported to infect yam (Dioscorea spp.). The full diversity infecting yam, however, remains be explored. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) methods are increasingly being used in the discovery new plant viral genomes. In this study, we employed HTS on determine whether any undiscovered were present that would restrict international distribution germplasm. We discovered a virus sequence 31 samples tested and tentatively named "yam Y" (YVY)....

Phytochemicals are used often in vitro and vivo cancer research. The plant hormones jasmonates (JAs) control the synthesis of specialized metabolites through complex regulatory networks. JAs possess selective cytotoxicity mixed populations normal cells. Here, direct incubation leaf explants from non-medicinal Arabidopsis thaliana with human breast cells, selectively suppresses cell growth. High-throughput LC-MS identified metabolites. Protein transcript levels cycle regulators were examined...

Badnaviruses (family Caulimoviridae, genus Badnavirus) have emerged as serious pathogens especially affecting the cultivation of tropical crops. Badnavirus sequences can be integrated in host genomes, complicating detection episomal infections and assessment viral genetic diversity samples containing a complex mixture sequences. Yam (Dioscorea spp.) plants are hosts to diverse range badnavirus species, recent findings suggested that mixed occur frequently West African yam germplasm....

This study analyzed the genetic diversity of 18 Yam mild mosaic virus (YMMV, genus Potyvirus) isolates collected from field surveys in Ghana (N = 8) and Nigeria 10) 2012-13. The full coat protein (CP) encoding region genome was sequenced used for comparison phylogenetic analysis YMMV available NCBI nucleotide database. mean (nt) 13.4% among (17 D. alata one rotundata), 11.4% within 7.4% Nigeria. clustering did not show correlation with country origin, they aligned reference sequences four 11...

Abstract The STOREKEEPER (STK) family of DNA-binding proteins work as transcription factors and the ectopic expression two stk-like genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, stk01 (At1g61730) stk03 (At4g00238), in tobacco increased number vegetative internodes promoted plant leaf size, stem diameter sturdiness. development these plants started with rosette formation while pronounced shoot elongation flowering was delayed. Moreover, when STK01 STK03 were fused to Herpes Simplex Virus VP16...

Since the first discovery of badnaviruses (family Caulimoviridae, genus Badnavirus) in yam (Dioscorea spp.) germplasm 1970s (Harrison and Roberts, 1973), several hundred partial badnavirus reverse transcriptase (RT)-ribonuclease H (RNaseH) sequences have been characterised (Kenyon et al.,

Viruses of the genus Badnavirus (family Caulimoviridae) are double-stranded DNA-reverse transcribing (dsDNA-RT) plant viruses and have emerged as serious pathogens tropical temperate crops globally. Endogenous badnaviral sequences found integrated in genomes several economically important species. Infection due to activation replication-competent copies genera Badnavirus, Petuvirus Cavemovirus has been described. Such endogenous elements pose challenges development nucleic acid-based...

Cell suspension cultures have been studied for decades to produce natural molecules. However, the difficulty in generating stably transformed cell lines has limited their use high value chemicals reproducibly and elevated quantities. In this protocol, a method transform maintain Arabidopsis is devised presented detail. were directly with A. tumefaciens overexpression of CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1) jasmonate receptor. established after transformation continuously maintained tested COI1....