A new class of cyclometalated pyridine N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) Pt(II) complexes with electronically different alkyne derivatives (C≡CR; R = C6H4C(CH3)3 (1), C6H5 (2), C6H4F (3), C6H3(CF3)2 (4)) as ancillary ligands were synthesized, and the consequences electronic properties substituted phenylacetylene on phosphorescent emission efficiencies studied, where C≡CC6H4C(CH3)3 4-tert-butylphenylacetylene, C≡CC6H5 phenylacetylene, C≡CC6H4F 4-fluorophenylacetylene, C≡CC6H3(CF3)2...

We use optical CMOS image sensors for spatially and time-resolved measurement of the emission currents field cathodes. The measured signal depends, on one hand, current that flows from cathode surface through vacuum to sensor surface. On other it is influenced by variables, such as extraction voltage, which accelerates electrons towards surface, exposure time set sensor. In this article, these influencing factors pixel signals a are examined in detail. first step, an equation formulated...

Abstract Highly tunable and rich phosphorescent emission properties based on the stable monocyclometalated gold(III) monoaryl structural motif are reported. Monochloro complexes of type cis ‐[(N^C)Au(C 6 H 2 (CF 3 ) )(Cl)] N^C=2‐phenylpyridine (ppy)] ( 1 ), [N^C=benzo[ h ]quinoline (bzq)] [N^C=2‐(5‐Methyl‐2‐thienyl)pyridine (5m‐thpy)] were successfully prepared in modest to good yields by reacting an excess 2, 4, 6‐tris(trifluoromethyl)phenyl lithium (LiFmes) with corresponding dichloride...

This Article reports the synthesis, structural characterization, electrochemistry, and photophysical investigations of five groups luminescent Pt(II) alkynyl complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands with varying electronic properties. Complexes type [Pt(pmdb)(C≡CR)2] 1a–c, [Pt(pm2tz)(C≡CR)2] 2a–d, [Pt(pm3tz)(C≡CR)2] 3a–c, [Pt(ppim)(C≡CR)2] 4(a, b, e), [Pt(ppbim)(C≡CR)2] 5(a, where pmdb =1,1′-dipentyl-3,3′-methylene-dibenzimidazoline-2,2′-diylidene, pm2tz =...

We investigate the influence of geometry and doping level on performance n-type silicon nanowire field emitters pillar structures. Therefore, multiple cathodes with 50 by arrays (diameter: 5 μm, height: 30 spacing: μm) were fabricated measured in diode configuration. In first experiment, we compared two types using same material. Geometry 1 is black silicon, which a highly dense surface covering forest tightly spaced needles resulting from self-masking during plasma etching process single...

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is frequently associated with graft-vs-host disease (GVHD). To understand the effector mechanisms of GVHD, we investigated role TNF receptor p55 (TNFRp55), which known to be important in inflammation and cytotoxicity. After allogeneic spleen cells lethally irradiated mice, all wild-type recipients developed early lethal GVHD within 1 wk, whereas TNFRp55-deficient had much reduced survived for at least 3 wk. No defect alloantigen presentation was found,...

Arrays of black silicon field emission pillar structures were fabricated on p-type substrates. Two types samples with the same number pillars (arrays 10 × 10) but different heights (8 and 20 μm) prepared as well a reference sample without pillars. The properties these cathodes investigated both by means integral current-voltage measurements scanning microscopy. Samples height μm revealed onset fields low 6.4 V/μm, enhancement factors up to 800, currents 8 μA at an applied V/μm. Due material,...

Abstract White light emitting gold(III) complexes were synthesized by tuning the percentage of metal dπ contribution in charge transfer. This was achieved through specific tailoring ligand scaffold, which led to increase HOMO π‐energy properties, resulting a decrease efficiency on intersystem crossing (ISC). As consequence, monomolecular based singlet‐ and triplet‐derived emission covering entire visible spectrum with quantum yield up 28 % CIE‐1931 chromaticity coordinates (0.29, 0.33)...

Abstract 1,3,5‐Triazine( 1 ) können sowohl mit elektronenreichen Dienophilen ( 2,6,7 als auch elektronenarmen wie Acetylendicarbonester eine (4+2)‐Cycloaddition eingehen. Methyl‐1,3,5‐triazine 1b,c,e reagieren Keten‐ O‐N ‐acetalen 7a,b zu Dimethylaminovinyl‐1,3,5‐triazinen 1g – k ).

Interleukin (IL)-22 production triggered by innate immune mechanisms has been identified as key to efficient intestinal anti-bacterial host defence and preservation of homeostasis. We hypothesized that glucocorticoid therapy may impair IL-22 expression, which should promote epithelial damage with the potential subsequent bacterial translocation. High-dose corticosteroid in Crohn's disease associated an increased rate abscess formation ultimately a higher risk developing postoperative...

We report on a method to stabilize the transmitted electron flux in field-emission source using an external regulation circuit. The was realized with array of silicon (Si) nanowhiskers top elongated pillar structures, mica spacer, and extraction grid made Si. As for most applications, emitted current from cathode is not as crucial through toward anode. investigated which allows directly by merely current. By this method, we were able our down values below 1%. Simultaneously, it shown that...

In this work, high-current field emission electron source chips were fabricated using laser-micromachining and MEMS technology. The resulting combined with commercially available printed circuit boards (PCBs) to obtain a multichip source. By controlling the separate sources an external current control circuit, we able divide desired total evenly across individual deployed in PCB-carrier. consequence, show decreased degradation due reduced load per chip. First, single chip was measured...

U1-snRNA is an integral part of the U1 ribonucleoprotein pivotal for pre-mRNA splicing. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling has recently been associated with immunoregulatory capacities U1-snRNA. Using lung A549 epithelial/carcinoma cells, we report first time on interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3 activation initiated by endosomally delivered This was expression IRF3-inducible genes interferon-β (IFN-β), CXCL10/IP-10 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Mutational analysis U1-snRNA-activated...

In the present work, black-silicon field emitter arrays (FEAs) are investigated regarding influence of residual gas pressure on characteristics and lifetime in high voltage triode setup. Current-voltage-characteristics at different levels recorded show a decreasing emission current with rising pressure. This decrease can be explained by an increase work function charging surface caused adsorbates. The restored to its initial value heating FEA up 110 °C during active emission. With this...

The components for a silicon chip electron source were fabricated by laser micromachining using pulsed ablation and wet chemical cleaning etching dips. field emission consists of cathode with 4 × conical shaped emitters height 250 μm tip radius about 50 nm, thick laser-structured mica spacer, grid electrode periodicity 200 bar width μm. These three are combined to single the size 14 10 mm2 thickness 1 mm form source. Several these devices characterized in ultrahigh vacuum. Onset voltages 165...

A series of blue-emitting phosphorescent mono-cyclometalated AuIII complexes have been successfully synthesized. Tailoring the substitutions on phenylpyridine (ppy) ligand scaffold with electron-withdrawing fluorine groups phenyl ring to achieve stabilization HOMO and an electron-donating dimethylamino group pyridine destabilize LUMO resulted in a large energy gap bestowed gold(III) high-energy emission high quantum efficiencies. The results cyclic voltammetry studies suggested predominantly...

Abstract Phosphorescent mono‐cyclometalated gold(III) complexes and their possible applications in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) can be significantly enhanced with improved thermal stability by suppressing the reductive elimination of respective ancillary ligands. A rational tuning π‐conjugation cyclometalating ligand conjunction non‐conjugated 5,5′‐(1‐methylethylidene)bis(3‐trifluoromethyl)‐1 H ‐pyrazole were used as a strategy to achieve room‐temperature phosphorescence emission...

Blue emitting phosphorescent materials with high efficiency and stability are a key requirement for the wider adoption of organic light devices (OLEDs). In order to achieve triplet derived emission at higher energy region electromagnetic spectrum, series neutral, monocyclometalated gold(iii) complexes trifluoromethyl trifluoromethoxy functionalized 2-phenylpyridine (ppy) derivatives, 2-anilinopyridine (apy), 2-benzoylpyridine (bpy) 2-benzylpyridine (bepy), as cyclometalating framework diaryl...

In this contribution, the authors will present an algorithm to extract characteristics of nonideal field emission circuit elements from saturation-limited measurement data. The method for calculating voltage drop on current-limiting is based theory as well Newton's method. Since only assumption make a connection in series, applicable most data showing saturation. To be able determine significance any parameter output, uncertainties and extracted parameters correlations are fully taken into...

Semiconductor field emitters are suitable candidates for applications, which require a very stable emission (FE) current and high uniformity over the entire area. By using different materials geometries, we able to vary FE characteristics within wide range. Each specific application requires its own optimized design cathode as well other parts of electron source. To meet many these requirements possible while only limited number prefabricated components, established modular system concept...

Precisely aligned arrays of sharp tip structures on top elongated pillars were realized by using an improved fabrication process including additional inductively-coupled-plasma reactive-ion etching step. Arrays n-type and p-type silicon with 271 tips have been fabricated investigated. Those a total height 5–6 µm apex radii less than 20nm. Integral field emission measurements the yielded low onset-fields in range 8–12V=µm enhancement factors between 300 700. The I-E curves showed usual...