A5005357167- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
- demographic modeling and climate adaptation
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Stochastic processes and statistical mechanics
- Forest ecology and management
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Economic theories and models
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
University of Oslo
2016-2025
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
2008-2011
Climate change affects both the mean and variability of climatic variables, but their relative impact on dynamics populations is still largely unexplored. Based a long‐term study demography declining Eurasian Oystercatcher ( Haematopus ostralegus ) population, we quantify effect changes in variance winter temperature different vital rates across life cycle. Subsequently, quantify, using stochastic stage‐structured models, how this environmental variable affect important characteristics...
Most population models assume that individuals have equal opportunities for survival and reproduction, although many natural populations consist of with different vital parameters remain over time. Individual heterogeneity in parameters, which may depend on age or stage, can alter characteristics compared a homogeneous population, affecting both deterministic stochastic properties the process. Demographic variance is an important parameter influenced by heterogeneity. However, whether leads...
Abstract Individual heterogeneity in life history shapes eco‐evolutionary processes, and unobserved can affect demographic outputs characterising population dynamical properties. Demographic frameworks like matrix models or integral projection represent powerful approaches to disentangle mechanisms linking individual histories population‐level processes. Recent developments have provided important steps towards their application study dynamics, but so far has largely been ignored. Here, we...
Abstract Many vector‐borne diseases are sensitive to changes in land use and climate; hence, it is important understand the factors that govern vector populations. Ixodid ticks, which serve as vectors for multiple diseases, have a slow life cycle compared with many of their hosts. The observable questing population represents only fraction total tick may include overlapping cohorts each stage. duration stage (larvae, nymph, adult) variable depends on such seasonal timing questing,...
Climate change has had a major impact on seasonal weather patterns, resulting in marked phenological changes wide range of taxa. However, empirical studies how seasonality the emergence and dynamics vector-borne diseases have been limited. Lyme borreliosis, bacterial infection spread by hard-bodied ticks, is most common disease northern hemisphere rapidly increasing both incidence geographical distribution many regions Europe North America. By analysis long-term surveillance data (1995–2019)...
Predicted universal responses of ectotherms to climate warming include increased maximum population growth rate and changes in body size through the temperature-size rule. However, mechanisms that would underlie these predicted are not clear. Many studies have focused on proximate physiological processes affecting individual growth. One can also consider ultimate involving adaptive explanations by evaluating temperature effects different vital rates across life history using information a...
Abstract Mortality is a key process in ecology and evolution, much effort spent on development application of statistical theoretical models involving mortality. takes place continuous time, fundamental representation mortality risks the hazard rate, which intensity deadly events that an individual exposed to at any point time. In discrete‐time population models, however, represented by survival or probabilities, are aggregate functions rates within given intervals. this commentary, we argue...
The relative importance of environmental colour for extinction risk compared with other aspects noise (mean and interannual variability) is poorly understood. Such knowledge currently relevant, as climate change can cause the mean, variability temporal autocorrelation variables to change. Here, we predict that a shorebird population increases key variable: winter temperature. However, effect weak impact changes in mean Extinction was largely insensitive colour, because demographic rates are...
Abstract Body size–dependent physiological effects of temperature influence individual growth, reproduction, and survival, which govern animal population responses to global warming. Considerable knowledge has been established on how such can affect growth size structure, but less is known their potential role in temperature‐driven adaptation life‐history traits. In this study, we ask warming affects the optimal allocation energy between reproduction disentangle underlying fitness...
The demographic consequences of stochasticity in processes such as survival and reproduction are modulated by the heterogeneity within population. Therefore, to study effects on population growth extinction risk, it is critical use structured models which most important sources (e.g. age, size, developmental stage) incorporated i‐state variables. Demographic heterogeneous populations has often been studied using one two approaches: multitype branching diffusion approximations. Here, we link...
Abstract Many vector-borne diseases are sensitive to changes in land use and climate, making it crucial understand the factors that govern vector populations. Ixodid ticks, which serve as vectors for multiple diseases, have a slow life cycle compared many of their hosts. The duration each active stage (larvae, nymph, adult) varies greatly depends on such timing questing development, host availability throughout seasons, photoperiod-related behavioral developmental diapause. Importantly,...
Habitat loss and fragmentation have caused population decline across taxa through impacts on life history diversity, dispersal patterns, gene flow. Yet, intentional isolation of native fish populations is a frequently used management strategy to protect against negative interactions with invasive species. We evaluated the viability genetic diversity 12 isolated Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi located Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana, USA. Length-structured integral projection models (IPMs)...
Body size can have profound impacts on survival, movement, and reproductive schedules shaping individual fitness, making growth a central process in ecological evolutionary dynamics. Realized is the result of complex interplay between life history schedules, variation, environmental influences. Integrating all these aspects into models methodologically difficult, depends availability repeated measurements identifiable individuals, consequently represents major challenge particular for...
Evidence-based management of natural populations under strong human influence frequently requires not only estimates survival but also knowledge about how much mortality is due to anthropogenic vs. causes. This the case particularly when individuals vary in their vulnerability different causes traits, life history stages, or locations. Here, we estimated harvest and background (other cause) landlocked migratory salmonids over half a century. In doing so, quantified among-individual variation...
Abstract Lyme borreliosis, the most common vector‐borne disease in Europe and North America, is attracting growing concern due to its expanding geographic range. The growth incidence spread largely attributed climate land‐use changes that support tick vector thereby increase risk. Despite a wide range of symptoms displayed by borreliosis patients, demographic patterns clinical manifestations seasonal case timing have not been thoroughly investigated may result from differences exposure,...
Conditions experienced in early life stages can be an important determinant of individual histories. In fish, environmental conditions are known to affect survival and growth, but recent studies have also emphasized maternal effects mediated by size or age. However, the relative sensitivity mean fitness (population growth rate λ) different impacts remains largely unexplored. Using a female-based integral projection model (IPM) parameterized from unique long-term demographic data for pike...
Abstract Harvesting is often size‐selective, and in species with sexual size dimorphism, it may also be sex‐selective. A powerful approach to investigate potential consequences of size‐ and/or sex‐selective harvesting simulate a demographic population model. We developed population‐based integral projection model for sex‐structured species, the commonly exploited pike ( Esox lucius ). The allows reproductive success proportional body potentially limited by both sexes. ran all harvest...
Continuous types of population structure occur when continuous variables such as body size or habitat quality affect the vital parameters individuals. These structures can give rise to complex dynamics and interact with environmental conditions. Here we present a model for continuously structured populations finite size, including both demographic stochasticity in dynamics. Using recent methods developed discrete age-structured models derive variance growth functions state variable. two...
Recent studies of rates evolution have revealed large systematic differences among organisms with different life histories, both within and taxa. Here, we consider how history may affect the rate via its influence on fixation probability slightly beneficial mutations. Our approach is based diffusion modeling for a finite, stage-structured population stochastic dynamics. The results, which are verified by computer simulations, demonstrate that even complex structure just two demographic...
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 600:141-150 (2018) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12662 Increased early offspring growth can offset costs of long-distance spawning migration in fish Leonie Färber*, Joël M. Durant, Yngvild Vindenes, Øystein Langangen Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department Biosciences,...
Populations can show temporal autocorrelation in the dynamics arising from different mechanisms, including fluctuations demographic structure. This is often treated as a complicating factor analyses of stochastic population growth and extinction risk. However, it also reflects important information about Here, we consider how related to stochasticity structured populations. Demographic arises inherent randomness processes individuals, like survival reproduction, resulting impact on measured...