Aircraft electrification is currently the best alternative to address rising demand for more air transportation and deal with anticipated economic environmental impacts. Although all-electric-aircraft (AEA) concept not yet a feasible solution, more-electric aircraft (MEA) gaining significant attention. Electrical systems either partially or entirely replace large inefficient hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical conventional actuating systems. The upgrade could also encompass propulsion system,...

This paper makes the case that Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) is an exceptionally attractive technology to respond increasing demand in propulsion applications for high-efficiency, high-performance, and low-cost motors with a more secure supply chain. The also presents methods effectively reduce torque ripple acoustic noise, which have been major issues impeding widespread use of SRMs. Finally, SRM designs two motors, one e-bike other hybrid electric vehicle application, are presented...

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis about bus bar design procedure. Some applications in terms of rated power and shape are investigated regarding their particular requirements challenges. The dc-link capacitor selection is one the first most important steps. It not only dictates complexity but also key to accomplish high-power density prototype. Current distribution discussed this based on simulation results. Moreover, effects stray inductance capacitance explained along with...

Multiphase inverters (MPIs) continue to increase in popularity owing their compelling features that include enhanced fault-tolerance capability, improved per-phase power handling, and reduced dc-bus capacitor sizing. This article presents a comprehensive review on MPIs application transportation electrification. More specifically, voltage source inverter (VSI) nine-switch (NSI) are the two MPI topologies reviewed herein, due potential for employment as traction inverters. The...

Robustness, simple construction, and low cost are some of the advantages switched reluctance machines (SRMs). These all desirable characteristics an electric motor, especially in automotive sector, where high-temperature high-speed operation, always demand. However, acoustic noise generation by conventionally controlled SRMs can prevent its use applications comfort is required. Acoustic radiated stator frame when a vibration mode excited respective spatial order at forcing frequency that...

Closer attention has been given to the acoustic noise performance of electric motors as electrified powertrains penetrate into our transportation system. In particular, switched reluctance machine introduces a new challenge aspect that temporal harmonics high amplitudes on radial direction can excite natural frequencies main circumferential modes. A practical understanding force density decomposition is crucial in identifying primary source at different operating points, and it contribution...

The stator-permanent magnet (PM) motor has an advantage with its simple and firm rotor, which is suitable when being applied to automotive applications. This article proposes a novel structure for variable reluctance (VR) resolver by using the concept of stator PM. VR shares similar operation principle conventional injecting 10-kHz excitation signal at low speeds. Alternatively, higher speeds, PM can produce motional back electromotive force (EMF) support position measurement without need...

This paper presents a method to calculate the acoustic noise of conventional switched reluctance motor (CSRM) and mutually coupled (MCSRM). is based on dynamic electromagnetic models, combined with analytical estimation stator eigenmodes radiation efficiency, considering switching effects frame effects. The proposed applied predict compare performances CSRM an MCSRM in wide speed range. results are validated using commercial finite element analysis software, JMAG for electromagnetics ACTRAN...

In this paper, a virtual-flux finite control set model predictive (FCS-MPC) strategy of switched reluctance motor (SRM) drives is proposed. This technique uses flux linkage-tracking algorithm to indirectly the phase current. The based on an estimated virtual obtained from static characteristics machine. A cost function used evaluate switching state that produces minimum error. graph for states limitation also proposed reduce number commutations and computational burden. Simulation results...

This paper presents a practical convex-optimization-based sensorless scheme for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives. The proposed simplifies the optimization process that employs only one variable as compared with two variables in existing optimization-based methods. reduction substantially reduces computational burden and, hence, is suitable applications. Additionally, algorithm able to estimate rotor position regardless of pattern high-frequency (HF) injected signal...

Acoustic noise modeling, analysis, and reduction are critical in the design of switched reluctance machines for noise-sensitive applications. Although analytical method can provide a fast simulation acoustic noise, it is generally less accurate compared to numerical method. In order improve accuracy, novel presented this paper. The proposed considers excitation high-axial-order vibration modes simulate behavior three-dimensional (3D) domain. Methods obtaining input data 3D simulations...

Isolated DC-DC converters are considered the building blocks of modern aircraft electrical power networks. The high-frequency transformer utilized in such is major contributor to size and weight besides thermal management system. In this paper, an optimization design methodology aims minimize core improve converter performance through optimized winding configurations. selection based on optimizing maximum flux density while considering different magnetic materials number cores parallel....

This study presents a numerical modelling approach for the prediction of vibration and acoustic noise 24/16 traction switched reluctance machine (SRM). The includes simulation electromagnetic force in JMAG, calculation natural frequencies ACTRAN. Considerations geometries, meshing contacts SRM are discussed to ensure accuracy simulation. Two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) is applied radial nodal at stator pole tip analyse dominant harmonics. FFT also simulated surface displacement...

Optimal pulse patterns (OPPs) have many advantages for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives, such as low switching frequency, and current harmonic distortion at medium to high speeds. Selective mitigation is an effective approach generate optimal by minimizing the entire content instead of eliminating individual harmonics. A proper offline optimization method required selective maximize power utilization PMSMs. This paper discusses two techniques: 1) genetic algorithm (GA) 2)...

This paper presents an analytical method to calculate the temporal and circumferential orders of radial force density harmonics in switched reluctance machines (SRMs) without running electromagnetic finite element analysis (FEA). The characteristics several SRM topologies are investigated, including 6/4, 24/16, 6/14 internal-rotor (IR) SRMs, 12/16 18/24 external-rotor (ER) SRM. study shows that depend on pole configuration, rotational directions rotor, phase excitation sequence, rotor or...

As the energy crisis and environmental issues intensify, electric aircraft has become promising as a form of future transportation for its low-emission eco-friendly features. In propulsion systems, with increasing voltage power levels, multilevel inverters are considered to be superior alternatives traditional 2-level inverters. this paper, methodology is proposed compare performance different inverter topologies, i.e., 3-level active neutral point clamped (ANPC), T-type, inverter, 1MVA,...

This paper proposes a thermal-electrical coupled model for silicon carbide traction inverter design. An electrical is with Cauer thermal network in PLECS/Simulink environment. The parameters are calculated using simplified heat transfer method which can capture the solid layers and actual coolant flow. design target 100 kVA peak power. Computational fluid dynamics simulations finite element analysis conducted to validate model. comparative studies demonstrate that this has satisfactory...

High heat losses are generated in the rotors of Axial-flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) machines due to their high power density. Therefore, they require intensive cooling maintain safe continuous and peak operation. For ventilated-type machines, air is predominant method that keeps rotor magnets temperature below critical limits. Integration air-cooling features such as protruding magnets, vents, integrated fan blades into has been widely investigated. These improve overall machine eliminate...

Axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines are preferred for applications with space limitations due to their high power and torque densities. However, these higher densities lead increased temperatures the output power, which results in more losses, a smaller volume. Reducing thermal resistance between heat generating components cooling system improves performance of machine. This work compares effectiveness different designs that integrated into stator potting. The generated needs be...

With the application of wide bandgap devices, packaging technology power modules is faced with elevated challenges. This paper proposes a new concept for silicon carbide modules. The main objective to improve lifetime and temperature range, while proposed also has potential reduce stray inductance simplify fabrication process. In concept, sintered nano-silver selected as die bonding. conventional direct-bonded-copper substrate replaced by molybdenum layer bismaleimide triazine resin which...

A novel optimization-based sensorless technique for Induction Machines is presented in this work. The algorithm able to estimate speed and position instantaneously (limited only by the Nyquist frequency PLL bandwidth) at standstill low high-speed. cost function introduced based on dynamic machine model. stability analysis of estimation shows whether system convex solving Hessian matrix function. method unique entire range, which high-frequency signal injected terminals speeds, increase region

Power density and efficiency are the main concerns in power electronic converters of electric aircraft. Transformers major contributors to size isolated converters. In this paper, an optimization design tool is developed minimize both volume losses high-frequency transformers, by optimizing maximum flux density. Optimum switching frequency selection considered for different core materials number cores parallel. The analysis shows trade-offs involving effects on transformer weight volume,...

Electrification in the aerospace industry introduces new challenges and design criteria for thermal management solutions. As electrical systems replace their mechanical counterparts, weight becomes an exceedingly critical factor since it affects energy consumption of aircraft. Currently, investigations on power electronics report final proposed cooling designs. However, should be considered as a major parameter to achieve desired specific applications. This paper addresses potential choices...