Strain sensors based on individual ZnO piezoelectric fine-wires (PFWs; nanowires, microwires) have been fabricated by a simple, reliable, and cost-effective technique. The electromechanical sensor device consists of single electrically connected PFW that is placed the outer surface flexible polystyrene (PS) substrate bonded at its two ends. entire fully packaged polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) thin layer. has Schottky contacts ends but with distinctly different barrier heights. I−V...

We have applied the perturbation theory for calculating piezoelectric potential distribution in a nanowire (NW) as pushed by lateral force at tip. The analytical solution given under first-order approximation produces result that is within 6% from full numerically calculated using finite element method. calculation shows NW almost does not depend on z-coordinate along unless very close to two ends, meaning can be approximately taken "parallel plated capacitor". This entirely consistent model...

Using phosphorus-doped ZnO nanowire (NW) arrays grown on silicon substrate, energy conversion using the p-type NWs has been demonstrated for first time. The produce positive output voltage pulses when scanned by a conductive atomic force microscope (AFM) in contact mode. pulse is generated tip contacts stretched side (positive piezoelectric potential side) of NW. In contrast, n-type NW produces negative AFM tip, and compressed (negative reference to theoretical simulation, these...

We have investigated the behavior of free charge carriers in a bent piezoelectric semiconductive nanowire under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. For laterally n-type ZnO nanowire, with stretched side exhibiting positive potential and compressed negative potential, conduction band electrons tend to accumulate at side. The is thus partially screened by while preserves as long donor concentration not too high. typical diameter 50 nm, length 600 ND = 1 × 1017 cm−3 bending force 80 nN, <0.05...

Using a two-end bonded ZnO piezoelectric-fine-wire (PFW) (nanowire, microwire) on flexible polymer substrate, the strain-induced change in I−V transport characteristic from symmetric to diode-type has been observed. This phenomenon is attributed asymmetric Schottky-barrier heights at both source and drain electrodes as caused by piezoelectric potential-drop along PFW, which have quantified using thermionic emission−diffusion theory. A new piezotronic switch device with an "on" "off" ratio of...

Highly porous, conductive Si-CNT sponge-like structures with a large areal mass loading are demonstrated as effective Li-ion battery anode materials. Nanopore formation and growth in the Si shell has been identified primary failure mode of sponge anode, such nanopores can be minimized by tuning cutoff voltages. In conjunction experiments, theoretical analysis was carried out to explain pore mechanism. Detailed facts importance specialist readers published "Supporting Information". Such...

Abstract Robust anti‐counterfeiting techniques aim for easy identification while remaining difficult to forge, especially high‐value items such as currency and passports. However, many existing rely on deterministic processes, resulting in loopholes duplication counterfeiting. Therefore, achieving high‐level encryption authentication through conventional has remained a significant challenge. To address this, this work proposes solution that combined fluorescence structural colors, creating...

The ultrahigh flexibility and strong mechanical toughness of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) is demonstrated using manipulation measurements on buckled SiNWs in a scanning electron microscope (see figure). experimental data calculated results show that the nanowire can bear large strain (1.5%), much more than bulk material, while elastic constant NW similar to bulk.

We demonstrate a mechanical−electrical trigger using ZnO piezoelectric fine-wire (PFW) (microwire, nanowire). Once subjected to mechanical impact, bent PFW creates voltage drop across its width, with the tensile and compressive surfaces showing positive negative voltages, respectively. The current created by effect could an external electronic system, thus, impact force/pressure can be detected. response time of trigger/sensor is ∼10 ms. potential has lifetime ∼100 s, which long enough for...

The equilibrium piezoelectric potential distribution in a deformed ZnO semiconductive nanowire has been systematically investigated order to reveal its dependence on the donor concentration, applied force, and geometric parameters. In particular, concentration markedly affects magnitude of electric potential. At N D>1018 cm−3, piezopotential is almost entirely screened. Among other parameters, variation length does not significantly affect distribution.

A novel approach converts nanoscale mechanical energy into electric for self-powering nanodevices.In our own work, we've used piezoelectric zinc-oxide nanowire (ZnO NW) arrays to demonstrate a converting energy. Here, we review the fundamental principle behind nanogenerator, present an improving its performance, and discuss some of challenges face in pushing this technology reach potential.

Diffusion-induced stress (DIS) development and stress-enhanced diffusion (SED) in amorphous lithium alloy nanowire battery electrodes are investigated using a finite deformation model, accounting for full two-way coupling between evolution. Analytical solutions derived perturbation method. The analyses reveal significant contributions to the driving force by gradient, an effect much stronger than those seen cathode lattices but so far has been neglected alloy-based anodes. contribution of is...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health concern, necessitating the development of sensitive and reliable diagnostic methods. In this study, we propose novel approach to enhance sensitivity HBV DNA detection by leveraging concentration imbalance-driven circuit (CIDDC) as an operational amplifier, coupled with hybridization-responsive DNA-templated silver nanocluster (DNA-AgNCs) nanoprobe named Q·C6-AgNCs. The CIDDC system effectively converts amplifies input into...

Wafer maps record the pass/fail distribution of die units on semiconductor wafers. Driven by Moore's Law, integrated circuit manufacturing processes continue to advance, with transistor density steadily increasing, leading increasingly complex defect patterns Traditional manual inspection and existing automated methods face efficiency accuracy challenges when identifying these patterns. While deep learning has opened new possibilities for map analysis, there's still room improvement in...

The self-assembly of nanoparticles allows the fabrication complex, nature-inspired architectures. Among these, Voronoi tessellations─intricate patterns found in many natural systems such as insect wings and plant tissues─have broad implications across materials science, biology, geography. However, replicating these irregular yet organized features at nanoscale through nanoparticle remains challenging. Here, we introduce a confinement transformation method to generate two-dimensional (2D) by...

DNA methyltransferase (DNA MTase) catalyzes methylation, which plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as chromatin assembly, aging, and tumorigenesis.

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most challenging malignancies digestive system. Screening for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets a promising strategy to enhance HCC prognosis. Recently, liquid biopsy with circulating nucleic acids as detection has attracted much attention in field early screening tumours. However, diagnostic value biological functions transfer RNA‐derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) serum, particularly HCC, remains unknown. In this study, we characterised...

Electronic skin (e-skin) has been widely used in various fields such as health monitoring, robotic tactile perception, and bioinspired prosthetics due to its ability detect a wide range of signals. However, traditional flexible e-skin is limited providing detailed information about the sensing surface velocity fluid motion, which restricts further applications. In this study, we successfully fabricated cilia-based that enables detection morphology, Braille, airflow velocity. The cilia...

This paper presents a robustness benchmark evaluation and optimization for vehicle detection. Real-time detection has become an essential means of data perception in the transportation field, covering various aspects such as intelligent systems, video surveillance, autonomous driving. However, evaluating optimizing real traffic scenarios remains challenging. When distributions change, impact adverse weather or sensor damages, model reliability cannot be guaranteed. We first conducted...

An exoskeleton robot is a kind of wearable mechanical instrument designed according to the shape and function human body. The main purpose its design manufacture enhance strength, assist walking help patients recover. state should be highly consistent with human, so accurate locomotion pattern recognition premise flexible control robot. In this paper, simulated annealing (SA) algorithm-based support vector machine model proposed for different patterns. order improve overall performance...