ABSTRACT Few data exist to describe in vitro patterns of cross-resistance among large collections clinical Aspergillus isolates, including those species other than fumigatus . We examined 771 spp. isolates collected from 2000 2006 as part a global antifungal surveillance program (553 A. , 76 flavus 59 niger 35 terreus and 24 versicolor species). Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A broth dilution method with itraconazole...

NMR spectra were collected for cross-linked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(NIPAM), hydrogels in the presence of NaCl and CaCl2 aqueous solutions. Intensity variations 1H signals polymer provide insight into phase transition process. These data used to observe a two-stage Thermodynamic quantities obtained from van't Hoff analysis temperature-dependent equilibrium constants, which derived data. The Delta H degrees S values hydrogel D2O are 3.4 kJ/mol 11.2 J/mol.K stage I, is attributed...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTOptical Pumping and Magic Angle Spinning: Sensitivity Resolution Enhancement for Surface NMR Obtained with Laser-Polarized XenonDaniel Raftery, Ernesto MacNamara, Gregory Fisher, Charles V. Rice, Jay SmithView Author Information H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 37, 8746–8747Publication Date (Web):September 17, 1997Publication History...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a medical concern. Here, we show that branched polyethylenimine (BPEI), nontoxic, cationic polymer, restores MRSA's susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics. Checkerboard assays with MRSA demonstrated synergy between BPEI and A time-killing curve showed be bactericidal in combination oxacillin. did not potentiate efficacy vancomycin, chloramphenicol, or linezolid. When exposed BPEI, increased size had difficulty forming septa....

ABSTRACT Different water environments in poly( N ‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogels are identified and characterized using 1 H high resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Local corresponding to a “free” highly mobile species, along with waters showing restricted dynamics resolved these swollen hydro‐gels. For photo‐initiated polymerized PNIPAAm gels, an additional entrapped species is observed. Spin–spin R 2 relaxation experiments support the...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNotePhase-Transition Thermodynamics of N-Isopropylacrylamide HydrogelsCharles V. RiceView Author Information Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Oklahoma, 620 Parrington Oval, Room 208, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 Cite this: Biomacromolecules 2006, 7, 10, 2923–2925Publication Date (Web):September 12, 2006Publication History Received26 June 2006Published online12 September inissue 1 October...

Abstract Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the most prevalent prokaryotic species on human skin and mucosal membranes that constitute commensal flora. S. has become common causes primary bacteremia. Infections are difficult to diagnose because pathogen natural niches ability adhere inanimate surfaces via biofilms. Alarmingly, acquired resistance many antibiotics, which presents a danger health. Known as methicillin‐resistant (MRSE), clinical isolates MRSE in North America exhibit β‐lactam...

Clinicians prescribe hundreds of millions β-lactam antibiotics to treat the majority patients presenting with bacterial infections. Patient outcomes are positive unless resistant bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), present. P. has both intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance, making clinical management infection a real challenge, particularly when these bacteria sequestered in biofilms. These problems would be alleviated if, upon initial presentation symptoms,...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections pose a serious threat worldwide. MRSA is the predominant species isolated from medical-device-related biofilm and chronic wounds. Its ability to form biofilms grants it resistance almost all antibiotics on market. Answering call for alternative treatments, our lab has been investigating efficacy of 600 Da branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) as β-lactam potentiator against bacterial biofilms. Our previous study showed promise...

Teichoic acids are essential components of the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall. One their many functions is metal binding, a vital process for growth. With combination phosphorus-31 solid-state NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations using density functional theory (DFT), we have determined that binding mode between teichoic magnesium involves bidentate coordination by phosphate groups acid. Measurement chemical shift anisotropy tensors gave reduced (δ) 49.25 ppm an asymmetry (η)...

With its high morbidity rate and increasing resistance to treatment, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a grave concern in the medical field. In methicillin-susceptible strains, β-lactam antibiotics disable penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) that cross-link bacterial cell wall. However, strains have PBP2a PBP4, which continue enzymatic activity presence of antibiotics. The PBP4 linked wall teichoic acid (WTA); thus, WTA has emerged as target for antibiotic drug discovery....

Innate immunity has considerable specificity and can discriminate between individual species of microbes. In this regard, pathogens are "seen" as dangerous to the host elicit an inflammatory response capable destroying This immune discrimination is achieved by toll-like receptors on cells recognizing pathogens, such Staphylococcus aureus, microbe-specific pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecules, lipoteichoic acid (LTA). PAMPs impede wound healing lengthening phase contributing...

Abstract Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032 spores isolated from a clean room environment are known to exhibit enhanced resistance peroxide, desiccation, UV radiation and chemical disinfection than other spore-forming bacteria. The survival of B. standard sterilization practices requires development more stringent agents. Here, we report the effects stabilized chlorine dioxide-based biocidal agent against subtilis ATCC 6051. Viability was determined via CFU measurement after exposure. Chlorine...

Microbial biofilms are ubiquitous in nature, and they pose a serious threat to public health. Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most common clinical isolate from healthcare- medical device-related biofilm infections. No antibiotic currently on market can eradicate pathogenic biofilms, which contain complex defense mechanisms composed of slimelike extracellular polymeric substances. Understanding need develop alternative approaches, we examine 600 Da branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) against...

Bacterial biofilms, often impenetrable to antibiotic medications, are a leading cause of poor wound healing. The prognosis is worse for wounds with biofilms antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), S. epidermidis (MRSE), and multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA). Resistance hinders initial treatment standard-of-care antibiotics. persistence MRSA, MRSE, and/or MDR-PA allows acute infections become chronic infections....

Abstract NMR spectra were collected for poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogel using high‐resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) after gel pieces hydrated in the presence of D 2 O, NaF, NaCl, and NaI aqueous solutions. Changes peak height intensity provide quantitative insight into phase transition process. The thermodynamic values calculated a van't Hoff analysis data. Unlike trend observed decreases (LCST), changes enthalpy entropy did not clearly display linear dependence with...

Polymers formed from N ‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) are highly water soluble and undergo a temperature‐induced phase transition to an insoluble state. The behavior is determined by competing hydrophilic hydrophobic forces. In this report, additional insight regarding the effect metals have on process provided showing that cation solvation aids with stabilization of This reduces barriers rehydration decreases thermodynamic entropy enthalpy, obtained variable‐temperature 1 H nuclear magnetic...