A5062065077- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Pain Management and Treatment
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Fault Detection and Control Systems
- Healthcare Systems and Public Health
- Mind wandering and attention
- Biomedical and Engineering Education
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
Stanford University
2021-2025
Neurosciences Institute
2021-2025
Stanford Medicine
2022-2023
Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers
2022
VA Palo Alto Health Care System
2022
University of Minnesota
2015-2020
University of Minnesota System
2015-2018
Siemens (United States)
2017
Bridge University
2015
Noninvasive neuroimaging and increased user engagement improve EEG-based neural decoding facilitate real-time 2D robotic device control.
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been explored in the field of neuroengineering to investigate how brain can use these systems control external devices. We review principles and approaches we taken develop a sensorimotor rhythm EEG based brain-computer interface (BCI). The methods include developing BCI incorporating physical devices increase user engagement, improving by inversely mapping scalp-recorded signals cortical source domain, integrating with noninvasive neuromodulation...
We currently lack a reliable method to probe cortical excitability noninvasively from the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). recently found that strength of early and local dlPFC transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-evoked potentials (EL-TEPs) varied widely across subregions. Despite these differences in response amplitude, reliability at each target is unknown. Here we quantified within-session EL-TEPs after TMS six left subregions 15 healthy subjects. evaluated (concordance...
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are promising tools for assisting patients with paralysis, but suffer from long training times and variable user proficiency. Mind-body awareness (MBAT) can improve BCI learning, how it does so remains unknown. Here, we show that MBAT allows participants to learn volitionally increase alpha band neural activity during tasks incorporate intentional rest. We trained individuals in mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR; a standardized intervention) compared...
Self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS) is a common pediatric syndrome in which interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) emerge from the motor cortex and children often develop language deficits. IEDs may induce these deficits by pathologically enhancing brain connectivity. Using sham-controlled design, we test impact of inhibitory low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on connectivity SeLECTS. Nineteen participated cross-over study comparing...
Inferring deep brain activity from noninvasive scalp recordings remains a fundamental challenge in neuroscience. Here, we analyzed concurrent and intracranial 1918 electrode contacts across 20 patients affected by drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing depth monitoring for pre-surgical evaluation to establish predictive relationships between surface signals. Using regularized cross-validated linear regression within subjects, demonstrate that can predict spontaneous activity, with accuracy...
EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) technology creates non-biological pathways for conveying a user's mental intent solely through noninvasively measured neural signals. While optimizing the performance of single task has long been focus BCI research, in order to translate this into everyday life, realistic situations, which multiple tasks are performed simultaneously, must be investigated. In paper, we explore concept cognitive flexibility, or multitasking, within framework by...
ABSTRACT Objective To characterize early TEPs anatomically and temporally (20-50 ms) close to the TMS pulse (EL-TEPs), as well associated muscle artifacts (<20 ms), across dlPFC. We hypothesized that location angle influence EL-TEPs, EL-TEP amplitude is inversely related artifact. Additionally, we sought determine an optimal group-level target angle, while investigating potential benefits of a personalized approach. Methods In 16 healthy participants, applied single-pulse six targets...
Transcranial magnetic stimulation paired with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) can measure local excitability and functional connectivity. To address trial-to-trial variability, responses to multiple TMS pulses are recorded obtain an average evoked potential (TEP). Balancing adequate data acquisition establish stable TEPs feasible experimental duration is critical when applying TMS-EEG clinical populations. Here we aim investigate the minimum number of (MNP) required achieve in children...
How does a train of TMS pulses modify neural activity in humans? Despite adoption repetitive (rTMS) for the treatment neuropsychiatric disorders, we still do not understand how rTMS changes human brain. This limited understanding stems part from lack methods noninvasively measuring effects single train-a fundamental building block treatment-as well as cumulative consecutive trains. Gaining this would provide foundational knowledge to guide next generation treatments. Here, overcome...
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with concurrent electroencephalography (EEG) is a key tool towards non-invasively characterizing causal circuits in humans. However, the recorded data highly noisy due to variety of stimulation-induced artifacts and other noise sources. While many TMS-EEG processing pipelines require manual intervention, pipeline described here fully automated. As part this pipeline, we introduce several novel approaches specifically designed mitigate TMS-induced...
ABSTRACT Objective We currently lack a robust noninvasive method to measure prefrontal excitability in humans. Concurrent TMS and EEG the cortex is usually confounded by artifacts. Here we asked if real-time optimization could reduce artifacts enhance TMS-EEG of left excitability. Methods This closed-loop procedure adjusts dlPFC coil location, angle, intensity based on response TMS. Our outcome was early (20-60 ms) local TMS-evoked potential (EL-TEP). Results In 18 healthy participants, this...
Image-guided positioning, or neuronavigation, is critical for precise targeting of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and other noninvasive brain stimulation. However, existing commercial systems have limitations in flexibility extensibility research applications. We present new open-source software neuronavigated non-invasive (NaviNIBS) that provides comprehensive functionality TMS experiments. NaviNIBS supports imaging data import, target planning, head registration, real-time tool...
Abstract Background We currently lack a robust and reliable method to probe cortical excitability noninvasively from the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), region heavily implicated in psychiatric disorders. recently found that strength of early local dlPFC single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-evoked potentials (EL-TEPs) varied widely depending on anatomical subregion probed, with more medial regions eliciting stronger responses than anterolateral sites. Despite...
Abstract Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the motor cortex has revolutionized study of physiology in humans. Despite this, TMS-evoked electrophysiological responses show significant variability, due part inconsistencies between TMS pulse timing and ongoing brain oscillations. Variable limit mechanistic insights clinical efficacy, necessitating development methods precisely coordinate pulses phase relevant oscillatory activity. We introduce Sensory Entrained (seTMS), a novel...
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How does a train of TMS pulses modify neural activity in humans? Despite adoption repetitive (rTMS) for the treatment neuropsychiatric disorders, we still do not understand how rTMS changes human brain. This limited understanding stems part from lack methods noninvasively measuring effects single - fundamental building block as well cumulative consecutive trains. Gaining this would provide foundational knowledge to guide next generation treatments. Here, overcome limitation, developed...
Accurate spatial co-registration of EEG electrode positions with individual head models is an important component for source localization and imaging. Due to variations in shape between individuals, this requires measurements locations each individual. Existing hardware digitization can be accurate, but also relatively expensive. With the goal making more accessible a range research laboratories, we have developed open-source software tool that make use less expensive consumer virtual...