A5079077118- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant responses to water stress
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Light effects on plants
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- GABA and Rice Research
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
United States Department of Agriculture
2010-2025
Agricultural Research Service
2016-2025
Cropping Systems Research Laboratory
2016-2025
Washington State University
1997-2009
University of Minnesota
1992-1994
ABSTRACT Plant acclimation to freezing temperatures is very complex. Many temperate plants increase in tolerance upon exposure a period of low but non‐freezing temperatures, an adaptive process known as cold acclimation. This phenomenon has encouraged investigations physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes that are associated with the development tolerance. Although many biochemical gene‐expression occur during acclimation, few have been unequivocally demonstrated contribute...
Temperate plants develop a greater ability to withstand freezing in response period of low but nonfreezing temperatures through complex, adaptive process cold acclimation. Very little is known about the signaling processes by which perceive temperature stimulus and transduce it into nucleus activate genes needed for increased tolerance. To help understand processes, we have isolated mutants Arabidopsis that are constitutively freezing-tolerant absence Freezing tolerance wild-type was from...
The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) linoleic acid (18:2) and α-linolenic (18:3) in triacylglycerols (TAG) are major factors affecting the quality of plant oils for human health, as well biofuels other renewable applications. These PUFAs essential animals plants, but also source unhealthy trans fats during processing many foodstuffs. 18:2 18:3 synthesized developing seeds by desaturation oleic (18:1) esterified on membrane lipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) endoplasmic reticulum. reactions...
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is ranked as the fifth most important grain crop and serves a major food staple fodder resource for much of world, especially in arid semi-arid regions. The recent surge sorghum research driven by its tolerance to drought/heat stresses strong potential bioenergy feedstock. Completion genome sequence has opened new avenues functional genomics. However, availability genetic resources, specifically mutant lines, limited. Chemical mutagenesis germplasm,...
PCR has become one of the most popular techniques in functional genomics. Projects both forward and reverse genetics routinely require amplification thousands samples. Processing samples to extract DNA sufficient purity for is often a limiting step. We have developed simple 96-well plate-based high-throughput extraction method that applicable many plant species. The involves incubation tissue buffer followed by neutralization With addition modified buffer, extracted enabled robust genomic...
Preparation of large quantity and high quality genomic DNA from a number plant samples is major bottleneck for most genetic analyses, such as, mapping, TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesion IN Genome), next-generation sequencing directly sheared DNA. A variety preparation methods commercial kits are available. However, they either low throughput, yield, or costly. Here, we describe method throughput isolation sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] leaves dry seeds with quality, affordable...
Drought and high temperature are two major environmental factors that severely limit plant productivity in the United States worldwide, often causing extensive economic loss to agriculture. As global climate change progresses, agricultural production worldwide faces serious threats from frequent extreme weather conditions. Integrated approaches improve efficiency of water use development varieties can alleviate negative impacts stresses maintain yield stability essential sustain increase...
Summary The eskimo1 ( esk1 ) mutation of Arabidopsis resulted in a 5.5°C improvement freezing tolerance the absence cold acclimation. Here we show that increase is not associated with any ability to survive drought or salt stresses, which are similar their induction cellular dehydration. Genome‐wide comparisons gene expression between esk1‐1 and wild type indicate mutations at result altered transcription factors signaling components set stress‐responsive genes. Interestingly, list 312 genes...
Through sos3 (salt overly sensitive 3) suppressor screening, two allelic mutants that are weak alleles of the strong sos3hkt1-1 were recovered. Molecular characterization identified T-DNA insertions in distal promoter region Arabidopsis thaliana HKT1 (AtHKT1, At4g10310) these suppressors, which results physical separation a tandem repeat from proximal AtHKT1 promoter. The is approximately 3.9 kb upstream ATG start codon and functions as an enhancer element to promote reporter gene...
Summary Successful modification of plant cell‐wall composition without compromising integrity is dependent on being able to modify the expression specific genes, but this can be very challenging when target genes are members multigene families. 4‐coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL) catalyzes formation 4‐coumaroyl CoA, a precursor both flavonoids and monolignols, an attractive for transgenic down‐regulation aimed at improving agro‐industrial properties. Inconsistent phenotypes plants have been...
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is a versatile C4 crop and model for research in family Poaceae. High-quality genome sequence available the elite inbred line BTx623, but functional validation of genes remains challenging due to limited genomic germplasm resources comprehensive analysis induced mutations. In this study, we generated 6400 pedigreed M4 mutant pools from EMS-mutagenized BTx623 seeds through single-seed descent. Whole-genome sequencing 256 phenotyped lines revealed >1.8 million...
Climate variability due to fluctuation in temperature is a worldwide concern that imperils crop production. The need understand how the germplasm variation major crops can be utilized aid discovering and developing breeding lines withstand adapt fluctuations more necessary than ever. Here, we analyzed genetic associated with responses thermal stresses sorghum association panel (SAP) representing races working groups identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are resilience stress cereal crop.
Abstract As climate change continues to influence global weather patterns, the frequency and severity of drought conditions are expected increase, posing a significant challenge crop production. In sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), key cereal crop, stay‐green trait is particular importance as measure how well genotype can tolerate post‐anthesis conditions, which critical for harvestable yield. Despite its importance, there pressing need more efficient, accurate, precise method phenotype...
Plants are constantly challenged with various abiotic stresses in their natural environment. Elevated temperatures have a detrimental impact on overall plant growth and productivity. Many plants increase tolerance to high through an adaptation response known as acquired thermotolerance. To identify the mechanisms that evolved cope temperature stress, we isolated series of Arabidopsis mutants defective acquisition thermotolerance after exposure 38 degrees C, treatment induces wild-type...
Summary Plants, as sessile organisms, employ multiple mechanisms to adapt the seasonal and daily temperature fluctuations associated with their habitats. Here, we provide genetic physiological evidence that FtsH11 protease of Arabidopsis contributes overall tolerance plant elevated temperatures. To identify various thermotolerance in plants, isolated a series thaliana thermo‐sensitive mutants ( atts ) fail acquire after pre‐conditioning at 38°C. Two allelic mutants, atts244 atts405 , were...
Cadmium (Cd) stress may cause serious morphological and physiological abnormalities in addition to altering the proteome plants. The present study was performed explore Cd-induced morpho-physiological alterations their potential associated mechanisms Sorghum bicolor leaves at protein level. Ten-day-old sorghum seedlings were exposed different concentrations (0, 100, 150 μM) of CdCl2, responses recorded. effects Cd exposure on expression patterns S. investigated using two-dimensional gel...
Sorghum is a versatile cereal crop, with excellent heat and drought tolerance. However, it susceptible to early-season cold stress (12–15 °C) which limits stand-establishment seedling growth. To gain further insights on the molecular mechanism of tolerance in sorghum we performed transcriptome profiling between known sensitive tolerant lines using RNA sequencing technology under control treatments. Here report identification differentially expressed genes (DEGs) contrasting genotypes,...
Abstract Reducing lignin concentration in lignocellulosic biomass can increase forage digestibility for ruminant livestock and saccharification yields of bioenergy. In sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) several other C4 grasses, brown midrib (bmr) mutants have been shown to reduce concentration. Putative bmr isolated from an EMS-mutagenized population were characterized classified based on their leaf phenotype allelism tests with the previously described bmr2, bmr6, bmr12. These resulted...
Grain number per panicle (GNP) is a major determinant of grain yield in cereals. However, the mechanisms that regulate GNP remain unclear. To address this issue, we isolate series sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] multiseeded (msd) mutants can double by increasing size and altering floral development so all spikelets are fertile set grain. Through bulk segregant analysis next-generation sequencing, identify MSD1 as TCP (Teosinte branched/Cycloidea/PCF) transcription factor. Whole-genome...
The precursors and derivatives of jasmonic acid (JA) contribute to plant protective immunity insect attack. However, the role JA in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) defense against sugarcane aphid (SCA) (Melanaphis sacchari), which is considered a major threat production, remains elusive. Sorghum SC265, previously identified as SCA-resistant genotype among nested association mapping founder lines, transiently increased at early stages feeding deterred settling. Monitoring behavior using...
SorghumBase provides a community portal that integrates genetic, genomic, and breeding resources for sorghum germplasm improvement. Public research development in agriculture rely on proper data resource sharing within stakeholder communities. For plant breeders, agronomists, molecular biologists, geneticists, bioinformaticians, centralizing desirable into user-friendly hub crop systems is essential successful collaborations breakthroughs development. Here, we present the web (...