Deriving individual tree crown (ITC) information from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data is of great significance to forest resource assessment smart management. After proof-of-concept studies, advanced deep learning methods have been shown high efficiency accuracy in remote sensing analysis geoscience problem solving. This study proposes a novel concept for synergetic use the YOLO-v4 network based on heightmaps directly generated airborne LiDAR ITC segmentation computer graphics...

Forested environments feature a highly complex radiation regime, and solar is hindered from penetrating into the forest by 3D canopy structure; hence, shortwave varies spatiotemporally, seasonally, meteorologically, making radiant flux challenging to both measure model. Here, we developed synergetic method using airborne LiDAR data computer graphics model calculate fluxes of three plots (conifer, broadleaf, mixed). Directional incident beams were emitted according altitude azimuth angles,...

Natural rubber, an important industrial raw material, is specifically synthesized in laticifers located inside the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) trunk. Due to absence of plasmodesmata, laticifer water balance mediated by aquaporins (AQPs). However, date, characterization H. AQPs (HbAQPs) still its infancy. In this study, 51 full-length AQP genes were identified from genome. The phylogenetic analysis assigned these five subfamilies, including 15 plasma membrane intrinsic...

Aquaporins (AQPs) are channel-forming integral membrane proteins that transport water and other small solutes across biological membranes. Despite the vital role of AQPs, to date, little is known in physic nut (Jatropha curcas L., Euphorbiaceae), an important non-edible oilseed crop with great potential for production biodiesel. In this study, 32 AQP genes were identified from genome family number relatively comparison 51 another Euphorbiaceae plant, rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell....

Leaf area is an important plant canopy structure parameter with ecological significance. Light detection and ranging technology (LiDAR) the application of a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) appealing method for accurately estimating leaf area; however, actual utility this depends largely on efficacy point cloud data (PCD) analysis. In paper, we present novel quantifying total within each tree from PCD. Firstly, shape, normal vector distribution tensor PCD features were combined...

Rubber trees in southern China are often impacted by natural disturbances that can result a tilted tree body. Accurate crown segmentation for individual rubber from scanned point clouds is an essential prerequisite accurate parameter retrieval. In this paper, three plots of different clones, PR107, CATAS 7-20-59, and 8-7-9, were taken as the study subjects. Through data collection using ground-based mobile light detection ranging (LiDAR), voxelisation method based on trunk was proposed, deep...

The subgenus Cerasus , one of the most important groups in genus Prunus sensu lato comprises over 100 species; however, taxonomic classification and phylogenetic relationships remain controversial. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct tree for known species. Here, we report chloroplast (cp) genome sequences 11 species provide insight into evolution plastome. cp genomes (157,571–158,830 bp) displayed a typical quadripartite circular structure. plastomes contain 115 unique genes,...

Abstract The prognosis for patients diagnosed with mesothelioma is generally poor, and currently available treatments are usually ineffective. Therapies that specifically target tumor cells hold much promise the treatment of cancers resistant to current approaches. We have previously selected phage antibody display libraries on cell lines identify a panel internalizing human single chain (scFv) antibodies mesothelioma-associated, clinically represented surface antigens further exploited...

Mangroves grow in high-salinity environments with low soil water potential (Ψs), where high light intensity and strong winds increase the vapor pressure deficit (VPD), causing physiological drought transpiration demand (Δw), which limits carbon dioxide (carbon gain) for photosynthesis. This study explored how mangroves optimize their carbon-gain-to-water-loss ratio (water-use strategies) to maximize gain during both dry rainy seasons. We also calculated relative costs of key leaf traits...

Different tree shapes (TSs) directly influence canopy structure, light interception, and photosynthetic activity, impacting fruit quality yield. This study investigated the effects of interception efficiency (LIE) on yield "Jimei" sweet cherry fruits by comparing two shapes: Yangling inclined trellis arm TS (YLL-TS) Super slender spindle (SSS-TS). Using three-dimensional digitization techniques, we analyzed growth relationships between branches leaves, constructed virtual models, examined...

Prunus tomentosa Thunb, a fruit tree native to China, is an important and excellent plant material. It exhibits high adaptability almost all soil types climatic conditions. The germplasm resources are found in the six geographical regions of covering vast expanse, comprise variety ecological types. However, little known about genetic diversity population structure, with its abundant information. Nuclear simple sequence repeat markers, biparentally inherited characteristics, powerful for...

Much work has been done to develop tumor-targeting antibodies by selecting a phage antibody library on cancer cell lines. However, when tumor cells are removed from their natural environment, they may undergo genetic and epigenetic changes yielding different surface antigens than those seen in actual cases of cancer. We developed strategy that allows selection against situ both fresh frozen paraffin-embedded tissues using laser capture microdissection. By restricting binders internalizing...

Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) latex, the source of natural rubber, is synthesised in cytoplasm laticifers. Efficient water inflow into laticifers crucial for latex flow and production since it determinant total solid content its fluidity after tapping. As mature laticifer vessel rings are devoid plasmodesmata, exchange between surrounding cells believed to be governed by plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs). To identify most important PIP aquaporin balance laticifers, transcriptional...

Mesothelioma is a malignancy of the mesothelium and current treatments are generally ineffective. One promising area anticancer drug development to explore tumor susceptibility targeted therapy. To achieve efficient, intracellular delivery therapeutic agents mesothelioma cells, we selected naive human single-chain (scFv) phage antibody display library directly on surface live cells identify internalizing antibodies that target mesothelioma-associated cell antigens. We have identified panel...

Leaf attribute estimation is crucial for understanding photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, and carbon nutrient cycling in vegetation evaluating the biological parameters of plants or forests. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has capability to provide detailed characterisations individual trees at both branch leaf scales extract accurate structural stems crowns. In this paper, we developed a computer graphic-based 3D point cloud segmentation approach accurately efficiently detecting...

The rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a widely cultivated crop in tropical acidic soil that tolerant to high concentration of aluminum and the aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT) plays an important role plant detoxification. However, effects ALMT on tolerance, growth performance, latex production are unclear. In this study, 17 HbALMT genes were identified from genome trees. physiological biochemical characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs,...

Hurricanes often devastate trees throughout coastal China; accordingly, developing a method to quantitatively evaluate the changes in tree phenotypic characteristics under continuous strong winds is of great significance for guiding forest cultivation practices and mitigating wind hazards. For this research, we built lifting steel truss carrying large forced draft fan near rubber plantation on Hainan Island, aligned three selected small row front (with separation distances from outlet...

Rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) serve as the primary source of natural rubber. Their native habitat is characterized by warm and humid conditions, so they are particularly sensitive to low temperatures. Under such stress, latex burst can cause severe damage rubber trees, which due uniqueness their economically productive parts. In order establish a correlation between young mature provide novel prospective for investigating mechanisms chilling resistance in chlorophyll contents,...

Rubber trees in southern China are often impacted by natural disturbances, and accurate rubber tree crown segmentation property retrieval of great significance for forest cultivation treatments silvicultural risk management. Here, three plots different clones, PR107, CATAS 7-20-59 8-7-9, that were recently hurricanes chilling injury taken as the study targets. Through data collection using ground-based mobile light detection ranging (LiDAR) technology, a weighted Rayleigh entropy method...

Rubber trees along the southeast coast of China always suffer severe damage from hurricanes. Quantitative assessments capacity for wind resistance various rubber tree clones are currently lacking. We focus on a vulnerability assessment different under disturbance impacts by employing multidisciplinary approaches incorporating scanned points, aerodynamics, machine learning and computer graphics. Point cloud data two typical belonging to (PR107 CATAS 7-20-59) were collected using terrestrial...

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology has become a mainstream tool for forest surveys, significantly contributing to the improved accuracy of inventories. However, scanned data tree properties derived using LiDAR may differ depending on occlusion effect, scanning configurations, various patterns, vegetative characteristics plots. Hence, this paper presents computer simulation program build digital plot composed many models constructed based in situ measurement information two mobile...