Abstract The strict exchange of Na + for H ions across cell membranes is a reaction carried out in almost every cell. /H exchangers that perform this task are physiological homodimers, and whilst the ion transporting domain highly conserved, their dimerization differs. exchanger NhaA from Escherichia coli has weak interface mediated by β-hairpin with dimer retention dependent on cardiolipin. Similarly, organellar NHE6, NHE7 NHE9 also contain domains recent analysis Equus caballus indicated...

One of the features in cancer development is migration cells to form metastatic lesions. CYR61 protein promotes and epithelial-mesenchymal transition several cell types. Evidence suggests that dexamethasone are relevant colorectal cancer. However, relationships between them still unclear. Understanding molecular mechanism progression related with dexamethasone, which widely used for combination chemotherapy, necessary improved therapy.We cells, HCT116, co-treated transforming growth factor...

Camphor ((1R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one), a bicyclic monoterpene, is one of the major constituents essential oils from various herbs such as rosemary, lavender, and sage. In this study, we investigated beneficial effects camphor botanical ingredient in cosmetics. induced proliferation human primary dermal fibroblasts dose-dependent manner via PI3K/AKT ERK signaling pathways. attenuated elevation senescence associated with β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. Elastase activity...

Thiazide diuretics (thiazides) are among the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide, but their use is associated with glucose intolerance and new-onset diabetes mellitus. The molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Our study reveals that thiazides attenuate insulin secretion through inhibition of mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase isoform 5b (CA5b) in pancreatic β cells. We furthermore discovered cells express only one functional isoform, CA5b, which critical replenishing oxaloacetate...

The peptide/histidine transporter PHT1 (

Wound healing plays an important role in protecting the human body from external infection. Cell migration and proliferation of keratinocytes dermal fibroblasts are essential for proper wound healing. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that secondary compounds produced plants could affect skin cells proliferation. In this study, we identified a novel compound DK223 ([1E,2E-1,2-bis(6-methoxy-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylene]hydrazine) concomitantly induced keratinocyte fibroblast We...

Wound healing is an intricate process whereby the skin repairs itself after injury. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated with wound and tissue regeneration. Naphthochalcone derivatives have various pharmaceutical properties. We investigated effect of a novel naphthochalcone derivative, 2-(5-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)naphthalen-1-ol (TDPN), on dermal in vivo migration keratinocytes vitro. TDPN signaling pathway through protein transcriptional...

Aminoacyl transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetases (aaRSs) not only load the appropriate amino acid onto their cognate tRNAs, but many of them also perform additional functions that are necessarily related to canonical activities. Phenylalanyl tRNA synthetase (PheRS/FARS) levels elevated in multiple cancers compared normal cell counterparts. Our results show downregulation PheRS, or its α-PheRS subunit, reduces organ size, whereas expression subunit stimulates growth and proliferation. In wing disc...

Abstract The expanded hexanucleotide GGGGCC repeat mutation in the C9orf72 gene is main genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Under one disease mechanism, sense antisense transcripts are predicted to bind various RNA-binding proteins, compromise their function cytotoxicity. Here we identify phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase (FARS) subunit alpha (FARSA) as interactor CCCCGG RNA cytosol. aminoacylation tRNA Phe by FARS inhibited RNA, leading decreased levels...

The alpha subunit of the cytoplasmic Phenylalanyl tRNA synthetase (α-PheRS, FARSA in humans) displays cell growth and proliferation activities its elevated levels can induce fate changes tumor-like phenotypes that are neither dependent on canonical function charging Phe with phenylalanine nor stimulating general translation. In intestinal stem cells Drosophila midguts, α-PheRS naturally slightly human mRNA multiple cancers. midgut model, caused accumulation many additional proliferating...

NHA2, also known as SLC9B2, is an orphan intracellular Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) that has been associated with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus in humans. The objective of this NCCR TransCure project was to define the physiological molecular function develop a high resolution kinetic transport assay for NHA2 identify specific potent compounds targeting NHA2. In review, we summarize results highly interdisciplinary interfaculty effort, led by groups Proffs. Jean-Louis Reymond,...

Summary / Abstract Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) not only load the appropriate amino acid onto their cognate tRNA, but many of them perform additional functions that are necessarily related to canonical activities. Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS/FARS) levels elevated in various cancer cells compared normal cell counterparts. However, whether and how these might contribute tumor formation was clear. Here, we show PheRS is required for growth proliferation. Interestingly, expression...

Extracted mushroom water showed an ability to suppress the accumulation of body fat in female mice after feeding 5 weeks with high diet. Particularly, parametrial and mesenteric adipose, it significantly reduced 44 47% weight, respectively. In non-obese mice, maturated NK cell (CD11bhiCD27lo)population were increased (70.9±3.8%) fed compared control (61.4±4.3%) population augmented control.

Abstract The alpha subunit of the cytoplasmic Phenylalanyl tRNA synthetase (α-PheRS, FARSA in humans) displays cell growth and proliferation activities its elevated levels can induce fate changes tumor-like phenotypes that do neither dependent on canonical function charging Phe with phenylalanine nor stimulating general translation. In intestinal stem cells Drosophila midguts, α-PheRS are naturally slightly human mRNA multiple cancers. midgut model, caused accumulation many additional...

Abstract The expanded hexanucleotide GGGGCC repeat mutation in the C9orf72 gene is main genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Under one disease mechanism, sense antisense transcripts are predicted to bind various RNA-binding proteins, compromise their function cytotoxicity. Focusing on cytoplasmic interaction CCCCGG RNA this study identifies phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase (FARS) subunit alpha (FARSA) as interactor. aminoacylation tRNAPhe by FARS inhibited...

ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors selection papers published in Disease Models & Mechanisms, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Manh Tin Ho and Jiongming Lu are co-first on ‘A translation-independent activity PheRS activates growth proliferation Drosophila’, DMM. conducted research described this article while PhD student lab Beat Suter at University Bern, Switzerland, now postdoctoral researcher Daniel Fuster...