Abstract The aim of our study was to investigate whether a human neural stem cell line derived from umbilical cord blood (HUCB-NSC) can serve as reliable test model for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). We assessed the sensitivity HUCB-NSCs at different stages panel neurotoxic (sodium tellurite, methylmercury chloride, cadmium chlorpyrifos, and L-glutamate) non-neurotoxic (acetaminophen, theophylline, D-glutamate) compounds. In addition, we investigated effect some compounds on key...

Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), sodium butyrate (SB), has been shown to be neuroprotective in adult brain injury models. Potential explanation for the action involves among others reduced inflammation. We therefore anticipated that SB will provide a suitable option immature animals. The aim of our study was test hypothesis one mechanisms protection afforded by after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia is associated with anti-inflammatory action. examined effect on production inflammatory...

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury likely represents the major cause of long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities in surviving babies. Despite significant investigations, there is not yet any known reliable treatment to reduce damage suffering infants. Our recent studies an animal model HI revealed therapeutic potential a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi). The neuroprotective action was connected with stimulation neurogenesis dentate gyrus subgranular zone. In current study, we...

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury still remains an important issue as it is a major cause of neonatal death and neurological dysfunctions. Currently, there are no well-established treatments to reduce brain damage its long-term sequel in infants. Recently, reported data show that histone deacetylase inhibitors provide neuroprotection adult stroke models. However, the proof their relevance vivo after HI particularly limited. In present study, we neuroprotective/neurogenic effect sodium...

Background Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have recently been considered to be involved in the neurogenic response of adult neural stem/progenitor cells. However, there is a lack information showing direct association between activation MMPs and development neuronal progenitor cells involving proliferation and/or further differentiation vulnerable (Cornus Ammoni-CA1) resistant (dentate gyrus-DG) ischemic injury areas brain hippocampus. Principal Findings We showed that dynamics dentate...

The aim of the study was to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness intra-arterial infusion human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) derived cells at different stages their neural conversion. Freshly isolated mononuclear (D-0), neurally directed progenitors (D-3) and neural-like stem from (NSC) were compared. Focal brain damage induced in rats by stereotactic injection ouabain into dorsolateral striatum Three days later 107 subsets HUCB infused right internal carotid artery. Following surgery housed...

Hypoxic-ischaemic episodes experienced at the perinatal period commonly lead to a development of neurological disabilities and cognitive impairments in neonates or later childhood. Clinical symptoms often are associated with observed alterations white matter brains diseased children, suggesting contribution triggered oligodendrocyte/myelin pathology resulting disorders. To date, processes initiated by asphyxia remain unclear, hampering ability develop preventions. address issue, effects...

Abstract Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors towards myelinating cells is influenced by a plethora exogenous instructive signals. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) one the major factors regulating cell survival, proliferation, and maturation. Recently, there an ever growing recognition concerning role autocrine/paracrine IGF-1 signaling in brain development metabolism. Since functioning altered after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult, question arises if injury exerts any...

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are the focus of intense research for purpose cell replacement therapies in acquired or inherited neurodegenerative disorders, accompanied by ongoing hypo/demyelination. Recently, it has been postulated that these glia-committed exhibit certain properties neural stem cells. Advances biology have shown their therapeutic effect could be attributed to ability secret numerous active compounds which modify local microenvironment making more susceptible...

The objective of this paper is to describe in detail the method organotypic longitudinal spinal cord slice culture and scientific basis for its potential utility. technique based on interface method, which was described previously thereafter modified our laboratory. most important advantage presented model preservation intrinsic fiber tract ventrodorsal polarity cord. All processes occurring during axonal growth, regeneration, synapse formation, myelination could be visualized while being...

In recent years, rare-earth-doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been widely used in different life sciences due to their unique properties. Nanoparticles become a multifunctional and promising new approach neurobiological disorders shown extraordinary application potential overcome the problems related conventional treatment strategies. This study evaluated internalization mechanisms, bio-distribution, neurotoxicity of NaYF4:20%Yb3+,2%Er3+ UCNPs rat organotypic hippocampal slices....

Premature birth or complications during labor can cause temporary disruption of cerebral blood flow, often followed by long-term disturbances in brain development called hypoxic-ischemic (HI) encephalopathy. Diffuse damage to the white matter is most frequently detected pathology this condition. We hypothesized that oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation disturbed mild neonatal asphyxia may affect viability, maturation, and physiological functioning oligodendrocytes. To...

Oligodendrocytes, the cells responsible for myelin formation and maintenance in CNS, are depleted many acute chronic conditions. The stem/progenitor stimulation or transplantation might be seriously considered as a long hoped therapeutic perspective. Better understanding of mechanism(s) regulating activation cell lineage from endogenous progenitor reservoir helpful. Therefore an efficient source donor humans is being craved for. In this study we show that application extracellular matrix...

The NG2-positive cells are the oligodendrocyte precursors, which, when terminally differentiated, capable of myelinating central nervous system. There is however an ever-growing list evidences that NG2 actually possess intrinsic neurogenic potential and they neuronal differentiation in response to environmental stimuli. To address question, we have established a model indirect co-culture system freshly isolated rat neonatal organotypic slices derived from two distinct CNS regions...

Cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) generates intracellular signals that modulate cell survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation. Because of its heterogeneous nature, ECM has the potential induce unique responses are composition-dependent. One approach study effect on development, independently from other sources, been deprive cells serum analyze influence specific ligands. In current work we determine different proteins (fibronectin, laminin, collagen) proliferation...

Cord blood–derived neural stem cells (NSCs) are proposed as an alternative cell source to repair brain damage upon transplantation. However, there is a lack of data showing how these driven generate desired phenotypes by recipient nervous tissue. Previous research indicates that local environment provides signals driving the fate cells. To investigate impact cues interaction, authors used model cord NSCs co-cultured with different rat brain–specific primary cultures, creating neural-like...

Regardless of enormous translational progress in stem cell clinical application, our knowledge about biological determinants transplantation-related protection is still limited. In addition to adequate selection the source well dedicated a specific disease and optimal standardization all other pre-transplant procedures, we have decided focus more attention impact culture time environment itself on molecular properties regenerative capacity cultured vitro. The aim this investigation was...

Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in the neonatal brain frequently results neurologic impairments, including cognitive disability. Unfortunately, there are currently no known treatment options to minimize ischemia-induced neural damage. We previously showed neuroprotective/neurogenic potential of a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), sodium butyrate (SB), HI rat pup model. The aim present study was examine capacity another HDACi—Trichostatin A (TSA)—to stimulate neurogenesis subgranular zone...

Abstract Objectives: The fate choice of neural progenitor cells could be dictated by local cellular environment the adult CNS. aim our study was to investigate effect hippocampal tissue on differentiation and maturation oligodendrocyte NG2 precursor cells. Materials methods: Hippocampal slice culture established from brains 7‐day‐old rats. cells, obtained a 12‐day‐old mixed primary neonatal rat cerebral hemispheres, were labelled with chloromethyl‐fluorescein‐diacetete seeded slices. After...

Standardization of methods for obtaining iPS cells from the human somatic and then their successful differentiation are important in context possible application personalized cell therapy development toxicological pharmacological tests. In present study, influence small molecules representing epigenetic modulators (histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A DNA methyltransferase RG-108) on process reverting neural progenitors HUCB-NSC (Human Umbilical Cord Blood Neural Stem Cell) line to...

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) constitute one of the main populations dividing in central nervous system (CNS). Physiologically, OPCs give rise to mature, myelinating oligodendrocytes and confer trophic support their neighboring within tissue. are known be extremely sensitive influence exogenous clues which might affect crucial biological processes, like survival, proliferation, differentiation, ability generate a myelin membrane. Alterations differentiation influencing final...