Methylation of mammalian DNA by the methyltransferase enzyme (<i>dnmt-1</i>) at CpG dinucleotide sequences has been recognized as an important epigenetic control mechanism in regulating expression cellular genes (Yen, R. W., Vertino, P. M., Nelkin, B. D., Yu, J. J., el-Deiry, Cumaraswamy, A., Lennon, G. G., Trask, Celano, P., and Baylin, S. (1992) <i>Nucleic Acids Res.</i> 20, 2287–2291; Ramchandani, S., Bigey, Szyf, M. (1998) <i>Biol. Chem.</i> 379, 535–5401). Here we show that interleukin...

Abstract Though macrophages are essential for skeletal muscle regeneration, which is a complex process, the roles and mechanisms of in process regeneration still not fully understood. The objective this study to explore involved injured muscle. One hundred twelve C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into contusion depleted groups. Their gastrocnemius muscles harvested at time points 12 h, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 d post‐injury. changes morphology assessed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) stain. gene expression...

Diabetes mellitus is a widespread metabolic disorder with increasing incidence worldwide, posing considerable threat to human health because of its complications. Therefore, cost-effective antidiabetic drugs minimal side effects are urgently needed. Dioscin, naturally occurring compound, helps reduce the complications diabetes by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, protecting islet β cells, improving insulin resistance, inhibiting oxidative stress inflammatory response. Plant-derived...

Browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a focus research in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolism, which may be potential molecular mechanism for high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to improve T2DM. In this study, male C57BL/6J wild-type mice were subjected an 8-week HIIT regimen following T2DM induction through high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection. We found that improved glucose body weight, fat mass mice. also decreased adipocyte size induced...

IL-6 stimulates the growth and survival of a variety tumors. In multiple myeloma (MM), prevents spontaneous, drug-induced, Fas-induced apoptosis. The sources in appear to be both autocrine paracrine nature, with MM cells exhibiting constitutively activated expression cytokine. Here we present systematic analysis functional roles four major transcriptional regulatory sites promoter region, IL6-NFkappaB, IL6-C/EBP, IL6-CREB IL6-AP1. Among these sites, IL6-AP1 is most important cis-regulatory...

High-intensity interval training (HIIT), a new type of exercise, can effectively prevent the progression metabolic diseases. The aim this study was to investigate effects HIIT on liver inflammation and disorders in 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice induced by high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) explore possible mechanisms macrophage polarization mitochondrial dynamics. Our results showed that increase fatty acid oxidation-related gene (PPARα, CPT1α, ACOX1) mRNA levels...

The respective development of either T helper type 1 (Th1) or Th2 cells is believed to be mediated by the effects cytokines acting directly on Th precursors (Thp). We have generated evidence for an indirect monocyte-dependent immunoregulatory pathway. Recently, interleukin (IL) 4 has been shown produce "new" potential peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inducing macrophage 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO). previously that activated PPARgamma a profound inhibitor...

Skeletal muscle contusion is one of the most common injuries in sports medicine and traumatology. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has been proposed as a promising strategy to promote skeletal regeneration. However, roles underlying mechanisms BMSCs regulation regeneration are still not completely clear. Here, we investigated role BMSC after contusion. were immediately transplanted into gastrocnemius muscles (GMs) following direct Comprehensive morphological genetic...

Estrogen receptors (ERs)¹highly expressed by multiple myeloma (MM) cells and stimulation of estrogenic ligands leads to cell apoptosis. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a major growth factor in the pathogenesis MM. However, little known concerning molecular consequences ER activation on IL-6-regulated MM growth. Here we show that agonist 17β-estradiol completely abolished IL-6-inducible proliferation. By contrast, antagonist ICI 182,780 overcame inhibitory effect estrogen. blocked STAT3 DNA...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) treatment on skeletal muscle contusion. We established a contusion model (S group) and an H2S treated (H2S group). Gastrocnemius muscles (GMs) were collected at day 1, 5, 10, 15 after injury, comprehensive morphological genetic analyses conducted. reduced M1 macrophage (CD68), profibrotic cytokines (TGF-β), pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6), chemokines (CCL2, CCR2, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL12, CXCR4),...

Though the mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration are deeply understood, those involved in contusion, one most common injuries sports medicine clinics, not. The objective this study is to explore after contusion injury. In study, a total 72 mice were used. Eight them randomly chosen for control group, while rest subjected contusion. Subsequently, their gastrocnemius muscles harvested at different time points. changes morphology assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain. addition, gene...

During tumorigenesis, selective proliferative advantage in certain cell subsets is associated with accumulation of multiple genetic alterations. For instance, myeloma characterized by frequent karyotypic instability at the earliest stage, progressing to extreme abnormalities as disease progresses. These successive alterations can be attributed, part, defects DNA repair pathways, perhaps based on epigenetic gene silencing proteins involved damage repair. Here we report hypermethylation hHR23B...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects overtraining on skeletal muscle growth and growth-related gene expression. rats group (OT) recovery (OTR) were subject 11 experimental weeks protocol. It found that absolute gastrocnemius wet weight OT significantly lower than sedentary (23.6%, P<0.01). Serum creatine kinase higher in OTR groups group. CD68, CD163, MyoD, myogenin, IL-1β, TNF-α, IGF-I MGF mRNA did not change as compared with IL-6 TGF-β1 increased (2.17 fold 1.78 fold,...

The incidence of kidney diseases is increasing globally, posing a serious threat to human health. Studies have shown that apigenin, natural dietary flavonoid with multiple bioactivities, may be effective in protecting the kidneys and treating variety diseases. This review collates discusses available evidence on therapeutic effects apigenin common In addition, specific molecular mechanisms by which exerts its renoprotective are described, informs further research clinical nutritional...