A5090095722- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
University College London
2016-2025
MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL
2016-2025
Medical Research Council
2015-2024
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
2024
Great Ormond Street Hospital
2024
Radboud University Nijmegen
2022
Radboud University Medical Center
2022
University of London
2022
University of Zimbabwe
2022
Joint Clinical Research Centre
2022
SummaryThe contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 to inherited breast cancer was assessed by linkage mutation analysis in 237 families, each with at least four cases cancer, collected the Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium. Families were included without regard occurrence ovarian or other cancers. Overall, disease linked an estimated 52% 32% neither gene 16% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6%–28%), suggesting predisposition genes. The majority (81%) breast-ovarian families due BRCA1, most others (14%)...
A small proportion of breast cancer, in particular those cases arising at a young age, is due to the inheritance dominant susceptibility genes conferring high risk disease. genomic linkage search was performed with 15 high-risk cancer families that were unlinked BRCA1 locus on chromosome 17q21. This analysis localized second locus, BRCA2 , 6-centimorgan interval 13q12-13. Preliminary evidence suggests confers but, unlike does not confer substantially elevated ovarian cancer.
Background : We have previously demonstrated that breast cancers associated with inherited BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations differ from each other in their histopathologic appearances of these types differs patients unselected for family history (i.e., sporadic cancers). now conducted a more detailed examination cytologic architectural features tumors. Methods Specimens tumor tissue (5-µm-thick sections) were examined independently by two pathologists, who unaware the case or control subject...
To assess the risk of second brain tumour in patients with pituitary adenoma treated conservative surgery and external beam radiotherapy.Long term follow up a cohort comparison occurrence population incidence rates.The Royal Marsden Hospital.334 radiotherapy (median dose 45 Gy) followed for 3760 person years.Second intracranial systemic malignancy.Five developed tumour: two had astrocytoma, meningioma, one meningeal sarcoma. The cumulative developing over first 10 years after treatment was...
Abstract Using individual subject data from 10 case‐control studies, comprising over 3000 cases and almost 4000 controls, we have estimated the relative risk of melanoma associated with aspects complexion, namely, hair, eye skin colour freckling in adulthood, examined relationships between these factors naevus count terms risk. Compared individuals black or dark brown risks for developing those light brown, blonde red hair were 1.49 (95% Cl 1.31, 1.70), 1.84 1.54, 2.21) 2.38 1.90, 2.97),...
<b>Objective</b> To assess the long term risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy (combined versus placebo, oestrogen alone combined therapy). <b>Design</b> Multicentre, randomised, placebo controlled, double blind trial. <b>Setting</b> General practices in UK (384), Australia (91), New Zealand (24). <b>Participants</b> Postmenopausal women aged 50-69 years at randomisation. At early closure trial, 56 583 had been screened, 8980 entered run-in, 5692 (26% target 22 300) started...
Abstract In a combined analysis of 2952 melanoma patients and 3618 controls from 8 case‐control studies in white populations the risk cutaneous was 2.24‐fold higher (95% Cl, 1.76–2.86) subjects who reported at least one affected first‐degree relative than did not. There no evidence for heterogeneity between studies, which were wide range latitudes hence degrees sun exposure. The effect family history on independent age, naevus count, hair eye colour, freckling. relationship primary site but...
<b>Objective</b> To assess the effect of combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on health related quality life. <b>Design</b> Randomised placebo controlled double blind trial. <b>Setting</b> General practices in United Kingdom (384), Australia (94), and New Zealand (24). <b>Participants</b> Postmenopausal women aged 50-69 at randomisation; 3721 with a uterus were randomised to oestrogen progestogen (n=1862) or (n=1859). Data life one year available from 1043 1087 women, respectively....
There are inefficiencies in current approaches to monitoring patients on antiretroviral therapy sub-Saharan Africa. Patients typically attend clinics every 1 3 months for clinical assessment. The clinic costs comparable with the of drugs themselves and CD4 counts measured 6 months, but rarely switched second-line therapies. To ensure sustainability treatment programmes, a transition more cost-effective delivery is needed. In contrast count, measurement level HIV RNA plasma (the viral load)...
Children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection have limited options for effective antiretroviral treatment (ART).We conducted an open-label, randomized, noninferiority trial comparing three-drug ART based on the HIV integrase inhibitor dolutegravir standard care (non-dolutegravir-based ART) in children and adolescents starting first- or second-line ART. The primary end point was proportion of participants virologic clinical failure by 96 weeks, as estimated Kaplan-Meier...
ODYSSEY showed superior efficacy for dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) versus standard of care (SOC) in children living with HIV starting first-line or second-line ART aged 4 weeks older. Here, we aim to compare virological outcomes and resistance the dolutegravir group SOC up 96 weeks. was an open-label, multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial done 29 centres seven countries (Germany, Spain, South Africa, Thailand, UK, Uganda, Zimbabwe). recruited at least 28 days...
Mortality from cancer and other causes in first-degree relatives of women with ovarian diagnosed before age 60 has been examined a large population-based cohort study England Wales. Relatives 1,188 ovarian-cancer cases between 1954 1981 were identified through register households established 1939. Some 4,111 living the same household having surname as index case followed up national records until end 1992. Over this period, 1,950 deaths (including 574 deaths) occurred relatives. rates within...