A5103180804- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Veterinary Practice and Education Studies
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Semiconductor materials and interfaces
- Empathy and Medical Education
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
North Carolina State University
1994-2025
North Central State College
2023-2025
The Ohio State University
2025
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
1993-2023
Texas A&M University
2023
University of Pennsylvania
2008
Johns Hopkins University
2003
University of North Carolina at Asheville
1995
Piedmont International University
1991
The authors investigated the importance of 2D versus 3D compensation methods in SPECT. included study addressed two important degrading factors, namely attenuating and collimator-detector response They can be divided into general categories. conventional are based on filtered backprojection algorithm, Chang algorithm for attenuation Metz filter detector compensation. These methods, which were computationally efficient, could only achieve approximate due to assumptions made. quantitative...
A projector-backprojector pair has been developed that models attenuation and the spatially variant collimator scatter response functions in a uniformly attenuating object for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The function (SRF) is modeled using scheme based on responses of point sources large slab phantom. This scheme, derived estimation, allows efficient accurate modeling asymmetric properties during projection backprojection operations. model verified by comparison line...
Shallow p/sup +/-n and n/sup +/-p junctions were formed in germanium preamorphized Si substrates. Germanium implantation was carried out over the energy range of 50-125 keV at doses from 3*10/sup 14/ to 1*10/sup 15/ cm/sup -2/. by 10-keV boron a dose Arsenic implanted 50 5*10/sup -2/ form junctions. Rapid thermal annealing used for dopant activation damage removal. Ge, B, As distribution profiles measured secondary ion mass spectroscopy. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry study...
Interventions intended to change people’s behavior are ubiquitous in modern society. Some interventions produce changes that persist even after the discontinued, while other generate only short-term disappear once stop. The framework presented here guides understanding of why and how (treatment effects) (treatments) discontinued. Four persistence pathways explain persistent treatment effects may arise: building psychological habits, changing what people think, future costs, harnessing...
Slab derived scatter estimation (SDSE) accurately models the asymmetric, spatially varying response function in uniformly attenuating objects with convex surfaces. This model is implemented a projector-backprojector that, when combined iterative reconstruction techniques, provides accurate compensation single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). These reconstruction-based techniques have advantage that they use all detected photons, avoiding noise amplification occurring subtraction...
LumaGEM is a newly developed gamma camera for dedicated, small field of view, high spatial resolution imaging. The system consists an array 2/spl times/2/spl times/6 mm/sup 3/ NaI(Tl) pixels coupled to position-sensitive photomultiplier tubes. It has 125/spl times/125 2/ view. A pinhole collimator was used on acquire SPECT images mice that had transgenic modifications so as model various diseases. Pinhole apertures 1, 2 and 3 mm are interchangeable the were images. An iterative MLEM...
Awareness of prescribing practices helps identify opportunities to improve antibiotic use (AU).
The objective of this study was to compare defect detection performance using a channelized Hotelling observer with radially symmetric channel (RSC) and oriented channels (OC) that found in previously reported human ROC (see K.J. LaCroix B.M.W. Tsui, "An evaluation ofthe effect nonuniform attenuation compensation on for Tc-99m myocardial SPECT images," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 38, p. 19P, 1997). observer's task involved the left-ventricular perfusion defects sestamibi images. images were...
The authors have generated SRFs (scatter response functions) using the Monte Carlo simulation method and investigated characteristics of scattered radiation by fitting with functions. parameters functions were studied as a function source position in water-filled cylindrical phantom circular cross section. parametrization SRF provides insight into spatial distribution detected SPECT (single-photon-emission computed tomography) is useful developing to compensate for its effects order improve...
U ndoubtedly, the veterinary medical field attracts individuals with high levels of compassion and empathy drive to care for others.With increased public recognition human-animal bond greater value placed on it, veterinarians their staff members are increasingly expected display consideration in workplace.Individuals tend enter remain profession part because satisfaction (the joy or sense achievement found helping others providing high-quality patient care), 1,2 overall, other animal...
Abstract Background Veterinarians' understanding of cat and dog owners’ perceptions about antimicrobial use will enhance their ability to communicate with clients uphold stewardship guidelines. Methods A total 571 owners were surveyed via an online platform understand knowledge preferences for veterinary communication in decision making. Data analysed descriptively inferentially determine relationships between variables. Results Cat backgrounds had impact knowledge. Women, individuals a...
Adherence to antimicrobial recommendations varies and is influenced by client-veterinarian communication, making adequate training related communication stewardship, especially important for veterinary students. Prior research suggests that medical students underestimate clients’ knowledge adherence instructions, as well veterinarians’ competence. These perceptions could impact future interactions with clients, including treatment. The purpose of this qualitative study was explore students’...
Introduction: Medicaid-enrolled populations are disproportionately impacted by suboptimal nutrition leading to lower Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) cardiovascular health (CVH) scores and greater prevalence of Stage 2 cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKMS) as defined the American Heart Association (AHA). With support from AHA Health Care Food TM Initiative leveraging existing academic-community-government-industry partnerships, our team is assessing feasibility, engagement, preliminary...
Abstract Background Data on antimicrobial use (AMU) in companion animals is lacking the United States, along with information regarding drivers of such prescribing. Objectives To describe trends AMU for dogs and cats North Carolina (NC) over geography, urbanicity, time, patient sex from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2020 evaluate influence summarized measures social vulnerability COVID-19 pandemic prescribing practices. Methods In cooperation IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. (IDEXX), we collected...
Monte Carlo (MC) simulation has become an important tool for characterizing and evaluating imaging systems reconstruction algorithms. In this work, we combined two MC codes-Monte N-particle transport code system (MCNP) emission tomography (SimSET)-using the advantages of each to produce a that is efficient enough generate single photon computed (SPECT) data. The new SimSET-MCNP method allows use voxelized three-dimensional (3-D) phantoms models propagation inside collimator-detector systems....
The Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidelines in companion animals are designed to aid practicing veterinarians choosing appropriate antimicrobial therapy best serve their patients and minimize the development of resistance other adverse effects. presented below were developed by an expert task force provide a recommended framework for judicious use animals.Antimicrobial stewardship, as defined American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), refers actions take individually profession preserve...
Scatter compensation in Tl-201 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) presents an interesting challenge because of the multiple energies and relatively large proportion scattered photons. In this paper, we present a simulation study investigating reconstructed image noise levels arising from various implementations iterative reconstruction-based scatter (RBSC) SPECT. A two-stage analysis was used to energy window compensation, RBSC compared upper limits on performance for other...
Pathogenic bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae, must be capable of adapting to diverse living conditions, especially when transitioning from life in environment reservoirs a host. The ability sense arrival at site suitable for colonization or infection and responding with appropriate alterations gene expression are crucial pathogen's success. Recently, we have shown that V. cholerae is able recognize it has reached its the small intestine by sensing breakage flagellum penetrates mucosal layer...
Converging beam collimator geometries offer improved tradeoffs between resolution and noise for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The major factor limiting the in SPECT is collimator-detector response blurring. In order to compensate this blurring it useful be able calculate function. A previous formulation presented a method calculating parallel converging collimators that assumed shape of holes did not change over face collimator. However, cast are fabricated using pins...
Recent state and federal legislative actions current recommendations from the World Health Organization seem to suggest that, when it comes antimicrobial stewardship, use of antimicrobials for prevention, control, or treatment disease can be ranked in order appropriateness, which turn has led, some instances, attempts limit specifically oppose routine medically important prevention disease. In contrast, AVMA Committee on Antimicrobials believes that evaluate degree stewardship basis...
Presents a method for approximating constrained maximum entropy (ME) reconstructions of SPECT data with modifications to block-iterative posteriori (MAP) algorithm. Maximum likelihood (ML)-based reconstruction algorithms require some form noise smoothing. Constrained ME provides more formal smoothing without requiring the user select parameters. In context SPECT, seeks minimum-information image estimate among those whose projections are given distance from noisy measured data, that...
It was previously shown by the authors (ibid., vol.37, no.3, p.1308-15, 1990) that scatter response function (SRF) in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging can be fit using a fitting consisting of sum Gaussian and two half-Gaussians with different widths. In present work, parameters are studied as source position cylindrical water-filled phantom for low-resolution (LR), high-sensitivity collimator. is found each parameter described terms geometric parameter. The useful...
A projector-backprojector pair that models attenuation and the spatially variant geometric scatter response functions in a uniformly attenuating object for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was developed. The function (SRF) is modeled using scheme based on responses of point sources large slab phantoms. This scheme, derived estimation, allows efficient accurate modeling asymmetric properties during projection backprojection operations. model verified by comparison line...
"A call to action for veterinarians and partners in animal health collect antimicrobial use data the purposes of supporting medical decision-making stewardship" published on 01 May 2022 by American Veterinary Medical Association.