A5044428286- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Gut microbiota and health
- Digestive system and related health
- Food composition and properties
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Geographic Information Systems Studies
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
University of Reading
2015-2024
Food & Nutrition
2023
Cambridge University Press
2010
New York University Press
2010
Rothamsted Research
2007
Instituto de Química Orgánica General
2007
Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales
2005-2007
National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research
2005-2006
Agricultural Research Service
2005-2006
University of Ulster
2004
Prebiotics are non-digestible (by the host) food ingredients that have a beneficial effect through their selective metabolism in intestinal tract. Key to this is specificity of microbial changes. The present paper reviews concept terms three criteria: (a) resistance gastric acidity, hydrolysis by mammalian enzymes and gastrointestinal absorption; (b) fermentation microflora; (c) stimulation growth and/or activity bacteria associated with health wellbeing. conclusion prebiotics currently...
In November 2008, a group of scientists met at the 6th Meeting International Scientific Association Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) in London, Ontario, Canada, to discuss functionality prebiotics. As result this, it was concluded that prebiotic field is currently dominated by gastrointestinal events. However, future, may be case other mixed microbial ecosystems modulated approach, such as oral cavity, skin urogenital tract. Therefore, decision taken build upon current status define niche...
Aims: Comparison of in vitro fermentation properties commercial prebiotic oligosaccharides. Methods and Results: Populations predominant gut bacterial groups were monitored over 24 h batch culture through fluorescent in‐situ hybridization. Short‐chain fatty acid gas production also measured. All prebiotics increased the numbers bifidobacteria most decreased clostridia. Xylo‐oligosaccharides lactulose produced highest increases whilst fructo‐oligosaccharides populations lactobacilli....
The 2017 annual symposium organized by the University Medical Center Groningen in Netherlands focused on role of gut microbiome human health and disease. Experts from academia industry examined interactions prebiotics, probiotics, or vitamins with disease, development early-life gut-brain axis. microbiota changes dramatically during pregnancy intrinsic factors (such as stress), addition to extrinsic diet, drugs) influence composition activity throughout life. Microbial metabolites, e.g....
Aims: To compare the in vitro fermentation properties of pectins and oligosaccharides derived from them pure mixed faecal cultures. Methods Results: Specific growth rates selected bacterial genera were calculated culture. Bifidobacterium angulatum, B. infantis adolescentis had higher on pectic (POS I) high methylated pectin (HMP) than HMP pseudolongum II) low HMP. Controlled pH batch cultures then carried out a prebiotic index was as mean to different substrates. In general, greater...
Fermentation of beta-glucan fractions from barley [average molecular mass (MM), 243, 172, and 137 kDa] oats (average MM 230 150 kDa) by the human faecal microbiota was investigated. Fractions were supplemented to pH-controlled anaerobic batch culture fermenters inoculated with samples three donors, in triplicate, for each substrate. Microbiota changes monitored fluorescent situ hybridization; groups enumerated were: Bifidobacterium genus, Bacteroides Prevotella group, Clostridium...
The fermentation of three arabinoxylan (AX) fractions from wheat by the human fecal microflora was investigated in vitro. Three AX fractions, with average molecular masses 354, 278, and 66 kDa, were incorporated into miniature-scale batch cultures (with inulin as a positive prebiotic control) feces healthy donors, aged 23−29. Microflora changes monitored culture-independent technique, fluorescent situ hybridization, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) lactic production measured high-performance...
The effect of honey oligosaccharides on the growth fecal bacteria was studied using an in vitro fermentation system. Prior to treatment, glucose and fructose (31.73 21.41 g/100 g product, respectively) present honey, which would be digested upper gut, were removed avoid any influence bacterial populations fermentations. Nanofiltration, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) adsorption onto activated charcoal used remove monosaccharides. Prebiotic (microbial fermentation) activities three...
Anaerobic batch culture fermenters were used for a preliminary screening of the in vitro utilization by human gut microflora dextran and novel oligodextrans (I, II III) produced University Reading (UK). Glucose fructooligosaccharides (FOS) as reference carbohydrates. As expected, FOS acted good prebiotic that it selectively increased numbers bifidobacteria early stages fermentation. Dextran each resulted an enrichment cultures, with high levels persistence up to 48 h. They also elevated...
To obtain structure−function information of a range carbohydrates, which are available only in very small quantities, an vitro fermentation method using 7 mg carbohydrate, 0.7 mL basal medium, and 1% (w/v) fecal bacteria was validated against pH-controlled batch culture with 150 medium 1.5 g test carbohydrate. This used to determine the influence different glycosidic linkages monosaccharide compositions disaccharides on selectivity microbial fermentation. A prebiotic index (PI) calculated...
Fermentation properties of oligosaccharides derived from orange peel pectin were assessed in mixed fecal bacterial culture. The oligosaccharide fraction contained glucose addition to rhamnogalacturonan and xylogalacturonan pectic oligosaccharides. Twenty-four-hour, temperature- pH-controlled, stirred anaerobic batch cultures used determine the effects that products had on composition microbiota. measured through fluorescent situ hybridization changes populations, fermentation end analyzed by...
To develop a quantitative equation [prebiotic index (PI)] to aid the analysis of prebiotic fermentation commercially available and novel carbohydrates in vitro, using previously published data.The PI is based on changes key bacterial groups during fermentation. The incorporated into this were bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, clostridia bacteroides. these from previous studies entered order determine score. scores than compared with qualitative conclusions made publications. In general agreed...