Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition marked by systemic inflammation and elevated levels of biomarkers such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid, rheumatoid factor (RF). This study evaluates the therapeutic effects blood cupping (Al-Hijama) on these inflammatory markers in RA patients from Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Objective: To Given limitations conventional treatments, exploring complementary therapies like essential...

Background: The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma can be identified by immunohistochemistry for detection EBV latent membrane protein (LMP). role as an etiologic agent the development non-Hodgkin has been supported high levels 1 (LMP-1) expression tumors. However, no study conducted a Pakistani population up till now to determine frequency positivity. objective our was value patients using LMP-1 immunostaining institution. Materials and Methods: This carried out...

Background Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain differentiation, which has various clinical and morphological presentations. Although it behaves in benign manner, malignant potential. Aim To share histological patterns survival data our population this entity. Materials methods We studied 25 patients who reported AFH from January 2011 to December 2021. Clinical information, gross features, immunohistochemical results, were compiled analyzed....

Introduction:Soft tissue sarcomas are rare tumors comprising 1 percent of solid malignancies. The latest edition WHO soft pathology lists 94 benign and malignant tumors. Many these show a large degree morphological overlap. Immunohistochemistry has been shown to be reliable in many cases for differential diagnosis lesions, although cytogenetic tests considered the gold standard entities.Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) is technique that uses fluorescent probes bind only those parts...

Background Diffuse midline gliomas with the H3K27M mutation are now recognized as separate entities due to their unique molecular signature, clinical features, and adverse outcome. Objective To determine morphological spectrum survival rate of diffuse mutation. Material methods This retrospective study was conducted between January 2015 2021 at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital Research Centre. Medical records 28 cases H3K27M-mutated were retrieved. Case slides reviewed pertinent...

Background. The updated version of predictive classification for immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) prognosis “The Oxford Classification” identifies five histopathological features including mesangial hypercellularity (M), endocapillary proliferation (E), segmental glomerulosclerosis (S), tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T) and crescents (C), the MEST-C. However, few studies suggest that tubulointerstitial inflammation, which is not included in MEST-C, also linked to disease...

This study was conducted to evaluate different rice straw management practices for wheat sowing the years 2021-22 and 2022-23. includes four treatments Treatment 1: Burning of stubbles followed by seed bed preparation rotavator broadcasting seed, 2: Use chopper + MB Plough (1) Rotavator (2) Planking drilling, 3: Disc Harrow drilling 4: zero tillage happy seeder. Among all these methods 2 performed higher in term yield data both associated with cost operation. Zero Tillage Happy Seeder at par...

The consensus conference of the International Society Urological Pathology (ISUP), held in 2012, made recommendations regarding prognostic parameters renal tumors. There was a strong that tumor morphotype, pathologic stage, and grade are indicators poor outcome. It also agreed upon significance necrosis is evolution, both microscopic macroscopic should be documented percentages. aim our study to explore impact on metastasis-free survival clear cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) Pakistani patients.We...

<b>Background and Aim:</b> The basic aim of this study was to find out the association genotypes with host age, gender viral load. <b>Material Methods:</b> present conducted at Social Security Hospital, Pakistan. This included 320 patients chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who were referred hospital between November 2011 July 2012. HCV detection genotyping performed seen <b>Results</b> : analysis revealed presence 1 3 further subtypes 1a, 1b, 3a, 3b mixed 1b + 3a 3b. Viral load...

To ascertain the effectiveness of IHC markers vascular origin like CD31, CD34, FLI1 and ERG in soft tissue sarcomas including angiosarcomas, Kaposi sarcomas, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma a non-vascular sarcoma (Epithelioid sarcoma).Descriptive study.Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital Research Centre, Lahore, from 2011 to 2017.Diagnosed cases angiosarcomas (n=48), (n=9), (n=9) (n=20) were selected. Immunohistochemical staining as performed on formalin fixed paraffin embedded...

Objective: Adenoid cystic carcinoma and polymorphous adenocarcinoma are primarily the tumor of minor salivary glands. Both show certain morphological similarities, which limit their proper diagnosis in settings where there obscuring factors limited biopsy material. However, is a considerable difference treatment prognosis, raises need to distinguish these two entities. In this study, we discuss utility immunohistochemical stains, p63 p40, different combinations for distinguishing from...

Background Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) and sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) are two rare but aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that can be difficult to distinguish due histopathological similarities. The present study examines the diagnostic capacities of mucin-4 (MUC4), a transmembrane mucin, in identifying different types broadens its evaluation include wide range sarcomas. Methods Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination samples from various was performed using mouse...

Renal transplant has emerged as a preferred treatment modality in cases of end-stage renal disease; however, small percentage suffer from graft dysfunction.To evaluate the biopsies and analyze various causes dysfunction.163 biopsies, reported between 2014 2019 who fulfilled inclusion criteria, were evaluated with respect to demographics, clinical, histological, immunohistochemical features.Of 163 patients, 26 (16%) females 137 (84%) males mean age 34 ± 7 years. 53 (32.5%) rejection (ABMR...