A5088037315- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Congenital heart defects research
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Plant and animal studies
- Congenital gastrointestinal and neural anomalies
- Galectins and Cancer Biology
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- CAR-T cell therapy research
University of Vermont
2010-2022
University of Massachusetts Amherst
2014
GTx (United States)
2003-2005
University of California, San Francisco
1996-2000
University of Florida
1993
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
1987-1989
ABSTRACT The specification of body pattern along the anteroposterior (A/P) axis is achieved largely by actions conserved clusters Hox genes. Limiting expression these genes to localized regional domains and controlling precise patterns within those critically important for normal patterning. Here we report that egl-20, a C. elegans gene required activate mab-5 in migratory neuroblast QL, encodes member Wnt family secreted glycoproteins. We have found second pathway gene, bar-1, which...
Summary Plant hormones interact at many different levels to form a network of signaling pathways connected by antagonistic and synergistic interactions. Ethylene jasmonic acid both act regulate the plant's responsiveness common set biotic stimuli. In addition ethylene has been shown negatively response rhizobial bacterial signal, Nod factor. This regulation occurs an early step in factor signal transduction pathway, or above factor‐induced calcium spiking. Here we show that also inhibits...
Nodulation is tightly regulated in legumes to ensure appropriate levels of nitrogen fixation without excessive depletion carbon reserves. This balance maintained by intimately linking nodulation and its regulation with plant hormones. It has previously been shown that ethylene jasmonic acid (JA) are able regulate Nod factor signal transduction. Here, we characterize the nature abscisic (ABA) nodulation. We show application ABA inhibits nodulation, bacterial infection, nodulin gene expression...
Legume root architecture involves not only elaboration of the system by formation lateral roots but also symbiotic nodules in association with nitrogen-fixing soil rhizobia. The Medicago truncatula LATD/NIP gene plays an essential role development both primary and as well nodule development. We have cloned show that it encodes a member NRT1(PTR) transporter family. is expressed throughout plant. pLATD/NIP-GFP promoter–reporter fusions transgenic establish spatial expression root, meristems...
Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling plays a major role in root system development, regulating growth and architecture. However, the precise localization of ABA remains undetermined. Here, we present mechanism which nitrate stimulates release bioactive from inactive storage form, ABA-glucose ester (ABA-GE). We found that accumulated endodermis quiescent center Arabidopsis thaliana tips, mimicking pattern SCARECROW expression, (to lower levels) vascular cylinder. Nitrate treatment increased levels...
ABSTRACT In C. elegans, the Hox gene mab-5, which specifies fates of cells in posterior body region, has been shown to direct migrations certain within its domain function. mab-5 expression switches on neuroblast QL as it migrates into region. activity is then required for descendants migrate rather than anterior positions. What information activates during this cell migration? How are these subsequently guided their final positions? We address questions by describing four genes, egl-20,...
The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIg-R) is responsible for the receptor-mediated transcytosis of immunoglobulins (IgA and IgM) across various epithelia. We have expressed cDNA pIg-R in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells found that this system mimics vivo (Mostov, K. E., D. L. Deitcher. 1986. Cell. 46:613-621). now investigated postendocytotic pathway ligand pIg-R. After a 5-min internalization at basolateral surface, approximately 45% internalized recycles to medium 30%...
This article is part of the Top 10 Unanswered Questions in MPMI invited review series. The past few decades have seen major discoveries field molecular plant-microbe interactions. As result technological and intellectual advances, we are now able to answer questions at a level mechanistic detail that could not imagined possible 20 years ago. Editorial Board felt it was time take stock reassess. What big remain unanswered? We knew identify fundamental, overarching drive our research, needed...
The evolutionary origins of legume root nodules are largely unknown. We have identified a gene,LATD, the model Medicago truncatula, that is required for both nodule and development, suggesting these two developmental processes may share common origin. latd mutant plants initiate formation but do not complete it, resulting in immature, non-nitrogen-fixing nodules. Similarly, lateral roots initiate, remain shortstumps. primary root, which initially appears to be wild type, gradually ceases...
Abscisic acid (ABA) modulates root growth in plants grown under normal and stress conditions can rescue the defects of Medicago truncatula lateral root-organ defective (latd) mutant. Here, we demonstrate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) function downstream ABA regulation by controlling cell elongation. We also show MtLATD/NUMEROUS INFECTIONS AND POLYPHENOLICS (NIP) nitrate transporter is required for ROS homeostasis elongation roots this balance perturbed latd mutants, leading to an excess...
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is routinely used to determine the spatial distributions of various biomolecules in tissues. Recently, there has been an increased interest creating higher resolution images using sources with more focused beams. One such source, atmospheric pressure (AP) MALDI source from MassTech, a capable reaching resolutions 10 μm. Here, AP-MALDI coupled Q Exactive HF Orbitrap platform compared commercial MALDI-Orbitrap...
Legumes are unique among higher plants in forming a symbiosis with Rhizobium. Phylogenetic studies indicate this may have evolved as many three times within the Fabaceae; alternatively, predisposition for nodulation early history of legume lineage. We identified physiological trait-increased lateral root formation response to abscisic acid (ABA)- that marks all nodulating and non-nodulating species our study set exception Chamaecrista fasciculata Cercis occidentalis. In contrast, nonlegume...
The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor is expressed in a variety of polarized epithelial cells. Newly made travels first to the basolateral surface. then endocytosed, transported across cell vesicles, and exocytosed at apical We have now deleted membrane spanning cytoplasmic portions by site-directed mutagenesis, thus converting secretory protein. When Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells truncated protein secreted both surfaces, with ratio apical-to-basal secretion 3.4. In contrast, when...
Salt stress is a major agricultural concern inhibiting not only plant growth but also the symbiotic association between legume roots and soil bacteria rhizobia. This initiated by molecular dialogue two partners, leading to activation of signaling cascade in host and, ultimately, formation nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Here, we show that moderate salt increases responsiveness early genes Medicago truncatula its partner, Sinorhizobium meliloti while, conversely, inoculation with S. counteracts...
Abstract In Caenorhabditis elegans males, a row of epidermal precursor cells called seam generates pattern cuticular alae in anterior body regions and neural sensilla rays the posterior. The Hox gene mab-5 is required for two posterior cells, V5 V6, to generate rays. mutant V6 do not sensory ray lineages but instead that lead alae. Here we show independent regulatory pathways can activate expression V cells. First, caudal homolog pal-1 turns on during embryogenesis. Second, Wnt signaling...
Plant biology is moving rapidly. With the recent completion of sequence Arabidopsis genome ([The Genome Initiative, 2000][1]), researchers have turned their attention to genomes other crop plants ([Adam, 2000][2]). Many agronomically important are legumes,
Legumes and rhizobium bacteria form a symbiosis that results in the development of nitrogen-fixing nodules on root host plant. The earliest plant developmental changes are triggered by bacterially produced nodulation (Nod) factors. Within minutes exposure to Nod factors, sharp oscillations cytoplasmic calcium levels (calcium spiking) occur epidermal cells several closely related legumes. We found Lotus japonicus, legume follows an alternate pathway, responds both its bacterial partner...
ABSTRACT Wnt signaling systems play important roles in the generation of cell and tissue polarity during development. We describe a system that acts new way to orient an epidermal division C. elegans. In this system, EGL-20/Wnt signal permissive fashion polarize asymmetric called V5. EGL-20 regulates polarization by counteracting lateral signals from neighboring cells would otherwise reverse V5 division. Our findings indicate pathway also involves components. Overexpression disrupts both...