A5089016003- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Animal health and immunology
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Ovarian function and disorders
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
University College Dublin
2015-2024
Authorised Association Consortium
2021
National University of Ireland
2021
22q11 Ireland
2020
University of California, Davis
2018
Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority
1994-2013
University of Veterinary Medicine
2012
Texas A&M University
2012
Washington State University
2012
Womack Army Medical Center
2002
The postovulatory rise in circulating progesterone (P4) concentrations is associated with increased pregnancy success beef and dairy cattle. Our study objective was to determine how elevated P4 alters endometrial gene expression advance conceptus development. Synchronized heifers were inseminated (Day 0) randomly assigned pregnant high or normal P4. All groups received a P4-release intravaginal device on Day 3 after insemination that up 7 (P < 0.05). Tissue collected 5, 7, 13, 16 of...
Higher systemic progesterone in the immediate post-conception period is associated with an increase embryonic growth rate, interferon-tau production and pregnancy rate cattle. The objective of this study was to examine effect increasing concentration on Day 3 subsequent embryo survival development. Oestrus (Day 0) synchronised beef-cross heifers (n = 210) approximately two-thirds were inseminated semen from a proven sire, while remainder not inseminated. In order produce animals divergent...
In cattle, elevated concentrations of circulating progesterone (P4) in the immediate postconception period are associated with advanced conceptus development, while low P4 is implicated as a causative factor pregnancy rates observed dairy cows. This study aimed to: 1) describe transcriptional changes that occur bovine endometrium during estrous cycle, 2) determine how affects these changes, 3) identify if alters expression genes, and 4) assess impact has on development. Relatively few...
This study examined the correlation between measurement of follicle growth by ultrasound, and intrafollicular ratios oestradiol progesterone concentrations serum FSH during selection, dominance atresia or ovulation dominant follicles in heifers. Heifers were ovariectomized on days 0 (before LH surge), 1 (after surge, preovulation), (postovulation), 3, 6 12 oestrous cycle. Blood samples collected at 4-6 h intervals. After ovariectomy all > = 5 mm measured follicular fluid was aspirated....
Transportation causes stress in cattle that may alter numerous physiological variables with a negative impact on production and health. The objectives of the current study were to investigate effects truck transportation characterize pattern phenotypes circulation aid early identification stress-susceptible animals often succumb severe respiratory disease. Thirty-six young beef bulls (Aberdeen Angus, n = 12; Friesian, Belgian Blue x 12) subjected 9-h by road. Blood (10 mL) was collected at...
To investigate the effects of pregnancy or post-ovulatory progesterone (P(4)) supplementation on expression oestrogen and P(4) receptors (ESRs PGRs) in bovine uterus, heifers (n=263) were randomly assigned to following treatments: i) cyclic, normal P(4); ii) high iii) pregnant, iv) days 5, 7, 13 16 pregnancy/oestrous cycle. Elevated was achieved through P(4)-releasing intravaginal device insertion day 3 after oestrus, resulting increased concentrations from 3.5 8 (P<0.05) groups than groups....
There is a variable anoestrous period following parturition in the cow. Follicular growth generally resumes within 7 to 10 days majority of cows associated with transient FSH rise that occurs 3 5 parturition. Dairy are not nutritionally stressed ovulate their first postpartum dominant follicle (~15 days), whereas beef suckler good body condition normally have mean 3.2±0.2 follicles (~30 days) ovulation; moreover, poor 10.6±1.2 (~70 100 ovulation. The lack ovulation during infrequent LH...
The aims of this study were to 1) identify the earliest transcriptional response bovine endometrium presence conceptus (using RNAseq), 2) investigate if these genes are regulated by interferon tau (IFNT) in vivo, and 3) determine they predictive pregnancy status postpartum dairy cows. RNAseq identified 459 differentially expressed (DEGs) between pregnant cyclic endometria on day 16. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis selected revealed PARP12, ZNFX1, HERC6, IFI16, RNF213, DDX58 expression...
The objective of the present study was to determine how low progesterone (P4) affects endometrial transcriptome, with specific emphasis on those changes that may impact conceptus elongation. Following estrous synchronization and detection (estrus = Day 0, n 40), heifers were randomly assigned a control group (n 12) or P4 28). Heifers in had consistently lower concentrations compared controls (P < 0.05). Microarray analysis gene expression revealed altered 498 differentially expressed genes...
To determine the effects of anti-inflammatory ketoprofen, alone or with local anesthesia (LA) during castration on cortisol, immune, and acute phase responses, 40 Friesian calves (215 +/- 3.5 kg) were assigned as follows: 1) control, 2) surgical (SURG), 3) SURG following ketoprofen (3 mg/kg BW i.v.; + K), 4) LA (9 mL 2% lidocaine hydrochloride to each testis; LA), 5) K (SURG K). Total cortisol response was greater (P < 0.05) in SURG, LA, than control not different between calves. The...
To determine the effects of castration calves, with or without local anesthesia, on plasma cortisol, scrotal circumference, ADG, and ADFI, 56 Friesian bulls (5.5 mo age; mean ± SE BW = 173 2 kg) were randomly assigned to each seven treatments: 1) control (CON); 2) s.c. injection .1 mg a human serum albumin-GnRH conjugate DEAE-dextran adjuvant (HSA-GnRH); 3) burdizzo anesthetic (BURD); 4) following administration (BURD + LA); 5) surgical (SURG); 6) (SURG 7) alone (LAA). Blood samples for...
Summary. Friesian × Hereford heifers (n = 19; mean ± s.e.m. body weight (BW) 375 5 kg) were used in a randomized incomplete block design. Heifers fed 0·7 7; L), 1·1 M) or 1·8% 5; G) of BW dry matter (DM)/day for 10 weeks. Ovaries examined by ultrasound, one oestrous cycle, from week treatment. Maximum diameter dominant follicles was smaller (P < 0·05) L (11·8 0·1 mm) than M (13·7 0·2 G (13·2 0·3 heifers. Growth rate (mm/day) during the cycle not affected > dietary intake. Persistence shorter...
Uterine secretions, or histotroph, are a critical component for early embryo survival, functioning as the sole supply of vitamins, minerals, enzymes, and other myriad nutrients required by developing conceptus before implantation. Histotroph is therefore promising source biomarkers uterine function enhancing our understanding environment supporting development survival. Utilizing label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) shotgun proteomics, we characterized...
Unbalanced metabolic status in the weeks after calving predisposes dairy cows to and infectious diseases. Blood glucose, IGF-I, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) are used as indicators of cows. This work aims (1) evaluate potential milk mid-IR spectra predict these blood components individually (2) possibility predicting based on clustering components. samples were collected from 241 Holstein six experimental farms, at days 14 35 calving. analyzed by reference...
To determine the effects of burdizzo castration alone or in combination with ketoprofen (K), local anesthesia (LA), caudal epidural (EPI) on plasma cortisol, acute-phase proteins, interferon-γ production, growth, and behavior beef cattle, 50 Holstein × Friesian bulls (13 mo old, 307 ± 5.3 kg) were assigned to (n = 10/treatment): 1) control (handled; C); 2) (B); 3) B following K (3 mg/kg BW i.v.; BK); 4) LA (8 mL into each testis 3 s.c. along line where jaws applied 2% lidocaine HCl; BLA); 5)...
To investigate the effects of active immunization cyclic beef heifers with different doses a human serum albumin-Cys-Gly-GnRH (HSA-GnRH) conjugate on antibody titers, ovarian function, body growth, and carcass characteristics, 32 (BW = 477 +/- 7.1 kg; mean SE) were assigned to one four treatments: .1 mg HSA or .01, .1, 1.0 HSA-GnRH, respectively. All received primary (d 0) booster 28) using DEAE-dextran as adjuvant. The duration experiment was 158 d. Overall titers against GnRH greater (P <...
The objective of this study was to determine the effect carprofen (C) administration before banding or burdizzo castration bulls on cortisol, in vitro interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production, acute-phase proteins, feed intake, and growth. Fifty Holstein Friesian (5.5 mo old; 191 ± 3.7 kg) were blocked by weight assigned randomly 1 5 treatments (n = 10/treatment): 1) untreated control (2) at 0 min (Band); 3) Band following an i.v. injection 1.4 mg/kg BW C −20 (Band+C); 4) Burdizzo (Burd); 5) Burd...