A5003574166- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth
- Slime Mold and Myxomycetes Research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks
- COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
University of Glasgow
2015-2025
Ifakara Health Institute
2025
Glasgow Centre for Population Health
2022-2024
Glasgow Life
2021
Département Santé Animale
2021
Shore Memorial Hospital
1995
How acute pathogens persist and what curtails their epidemic growth in the absence of acquired immunity remains unknown. Canine rabies is a fatal zoonosis that circulates endemically at low prevalence among domestic dogs low- middle-income countries. We traced transmission population 50,000 Tanzania from 2002 to 2016 applied individual-based models these spatially resolved data investigate mechanisms modulating scale over which they operate. Although never exceeded 0.15%, best-fitting...
Abstract Understanding the factors influencing vaccination campaign effectiveness is vital in designing efficient disease elimination programmes. We investigated importance of spatial heterogeneity coverage and human-mediated dog movements for endemic canine rabies by mass Region VI Philippines (Western Visayas). Household survey data was used to parameterise a spatially-explicit transmission model with realistic movement scenarios, assuming basic reproduction number drawn from literature....
An increasing number of countries are committing to meet the global target eliminate human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030. Mass dog vaccination is central this strategy. To interrupt transmission dogs humans, World Health Organization recommends that campaigns should be carried out every year in all dog-owning communities vaccinating 70% their susceptible dogs. Monitoring and evaluation needed measure progress towards elimination. In study, we measured delivery performance...
Dog-mediated rabies is endemic across Africa causing thousands of human deaths annually. A One Health approach to advocated, comprising emergency post-exposure vaccination bite victims and mass dog break the transmission cycle. However, impacts cost-effectiveness these components are difficult disentangle. We combined contact tracing with whole-genome sequencing track in animal reservoir spillover risk humans from 2010 2020, investigating how a reduced disease burden eliminated Pemba Island,...
Abstract Rabies virus is a multi-host zoonotic pathogen that endemic across large parts of sub-Saharan Africa. This case study reports One Health approach to rabies in Tanzania which highlights the value multi-sectoral collaboration and illustrates importance understanding reservoir dynamics pathogens when targeting interventions. As part our research, we have established contact tracing for Tanzania. involves identifying patients presenting with animal-bite injuries investigating animals...
Abstract Understanding the role of different species in transmission multi‐host pathogens, such as rabies virus, is vital for effective control strategies. Across most sub‐Saharan Africa domestic dogs Canis familiaris are considered reservoir rabies, but wildlife has been long debated. Here we explore dynamics across south‐east Tanzania. Between January 2011 and July 2019, data on probable cases were collected regions Lindi Mtwara. Hospital records animal‐bite patients presenting to...
Human rabies can be prevented through mass dog vaccination campaigns; however, in endemic countries, pulsed central point campaigns do not always achieve the recommended coverage of 70%. This study describes development a novel approach to sustain high based on decentralized and continuous delivery. A campaign was conducted across 12 wards Mara region, Tanzania test this approach. Household surveys were used obtain data as well factors influencing vaccination. total 17,571 dogs vaccinated,...
Abstract The “Zero by 30” strategic plan aims to eliminate human deaths from dog-mediated rabies 2030 and domestic dog vaccination is a vital component of this plan. In areas where has been implemented, it important assess the impact intervention. Additionally, understanding temporal seasonal trends in incidence animal cases may assist optimizing such interventions. Data on probable wild animals were collected between January 2011 December 2018 thirteen districts south-east Tanzania jackals...
Collective cell movement is a key component of many important biological processes, including wound healing, the immune response and spread cancers. To understand influence these movements, we need to be able identify quantify contribution their different underlying mechanisms. Here, define set six candidate models—formulated as advection–diffusion–reaction partial differential equations—that incorporate range drivers. We fitted models assay data from two types: Dictyostelium discoideum...
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) used to limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission vary in their feasibility, appropriateness and effectiveness different contexts. In Bangladesh a national lockdown implemented March 2020 exacerbated poverty was untenable long-term. A resurgence 2021 warranted renewed NPIs. We sought identify NPIs that were feasible this context explore potential synergies between interventions.
Canine rabies causes about 59,000 human deaths each year globally but the disease can be eliminated by sustaining sufficient dog vaccination coverage over several consecutive years. A challenge to achieving high is low participation of owners in campaigns. We explored whether and how previously identified contributory factors addressed through community engagement activities. engaged communities two wards Tanzania on behavior handling, safe ways interacting with dogs, their perceptions...
Abstract A dramatic resurgence of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Bangladesh March 2021 coincided with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 (501Y.V2) variant concern rapidly becoming dominant circulating variant. Concurrently, increasing numbers reinfections have been detected effective Reproductive number, R t , has doubled, despite high levels prior infection Dhaka city. These data support prediction that acquired immunity from past provides reduced protection against B.1.351, highlights major public...
In this study, the authors identify how well self-care agents function in self-administration of medication. The sample population included 60 adults who were evaluated on their ability to read three prescription labels and perform tasks necessary administer medications correctly. Age, gender, number taken, type chronic disease did not contribute significantly self-medicate Complexity medication regime educational level highly significant. Reading scores improved as levels increased;...
Summary Numerous biological processes, many impacting on human health, rely collective cell movement. We develop nine candidate models, based advection–diffusion partial differential equations, to describe various alternative mechanisms that may drive The parameters of these models were inferred from one-dimensional projections laboratory observations Dictyostelium discoideum cells by sampling the posterior distribution using delayed rejection adaptive Metropolis algorithm. best model was...
Abstract Vaccination programs are the mainstay of control for many infectious diseases. Heterogeneous coverage is hypothesised to reduce vaccination effectiveness, but this impact has not been quantified in real systems. We address gap using fine-scale data from two decades rabies contact tracing and dog campaigns Serengeti district, Tanzania. Using generalised linear mixed models, we find that current local (village-level) incidence decreases with increasing recent coverage. However, most...
Summary Background Approximately 60,000 people die from dog-mediated rabies annually. Low and heterogeneous coverage reduces the effectiveness of dog vaccination campaigns that can eliminate rabies. Campaigns typically involve teams travelling annually to villages deliver cold chain stored vaccines centralized headquarters. Thermotolerant enable novel decentralized delivery locally-stored by communities throughout year. We compared annual team-based versus continuous community-based...
The molecular clock hypothesis assumes that mutations accumulate on an organism's genome at a constant rate over time, but this assumption does not always hold true. While modelling approaches exist to accommodate deviations from strict clock, assumptions about variation may fully represent the underlying evolutionary processes. There is considerable variability in rabies virus (RABV) incubation periods, ranging days year, during which viral replication be reduced. This prompts question of...
Abstract The molecular clock hypothesis assumes that mutations accumulate on an organism’s genome at a constant rate over time, but this assumption does not always hold true. While modelling approaches exist to accommodate deviations from strict clock, assumptions about variation may fully represent the underlying evolutionary processes. There is considerable variability in rabies virus (RABV) incubation periods, ranging days year, during which viral replication be reduced. This prompts...
Abstract Background Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) used to limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission vary in their feasibility, appropriateness and effectiveness different contexts. In Bangladesh a national lockdown implemented March 2020 exacerbated poverty was untenable long-term, resurgence 2021 warranted renewed NPIs. Methods We developed an SEIR model for Dhaka District, parameterised from literature values calibrated data Bangladesh. discussed scenarios parameterisations with policymakers...
Abstract Background Dog-mediated rabies is endemic across Africa causing thousands of human deaths annually. A One Health approach to advocated, comprising emergency post-exposure vaccination bite victims and mass dog break the transmission cycle. However, impacts cost-effectiveness these components are difficult disentangle. Methods We combined contact tracing with whole-genome sequencing track in animal reservoir spillover risk humans from 2010-2020, investigating how a reduced disease...
Collective cell movement is a key component of many important biological processes, including wound healing, the immune response and spread cancers. To understand influence these movements, we need to be able identify quantify contribution their different underlying mechanisms. Here, define set six candidate models - formulated as advection-diffusion-reaction partial differential equations that incorporate range drivers. We fitted assay data from two types%3A Dictyostelium discoideum human...