Abstract Monoclinic phases, as intermediate phases at the morphotropic phase boundary, have been considered origin of high piezoelectricity in various piezoelectric systems. However, those monoclinic seldom experimentally observed boundary lead‐free (K,Na)NbO 3 (KNN)‐based materials. This work shows that KNN epitaxial thin films demonstrate a M C stabilized by elastic strain room temperature, which is identified both synchrotron X‐ray reciprocal space mapping and piezoresponse force...

Using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and Raman spectroscopy, we studied the local temperature-dependent piezoelectric properties phase structures of 0.95(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.05BaTiO3 (BNT-BT) single crystals. Local-area PFM revealed non-ergodic relaxor behavior around 160 °C. Switching spectroscopy-PFM (SS-PFM) results also supported transition °C, with a gradual decrease in hysteresis width nucleation bias. Moreover, spectroscopy provided structural evidence same temperature region....

High-quality (1 - x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-xSrTiO3 lead-free piezoelectric thin films (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.25) on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) substrates were prepared by a sol-gel method. The microstructures of the as function SrTiO3 doping level temperature investigated X-ray diffraction Raman spectroscopy. Their temperature- frequency-dependent properties studied nanoscale using switching spectroscopy piezoresponse force microscopy (SS-PFM). A rhombohedral ferroelectric to pseudocubic relaxor phase...

효모, 곰팡이 및 빵의 부패에 관여하는 세균에 대한 키토산의 생육억제효과를 측정한 결과, 분자량이 약 120kDa 이하, 키토산 첨가량 0.50%까지의 범위에서는 분자량과 첨가량이 높을수록 생육억제효과가 높게 나타났다. 그러나 전반적으로 키토산에 의한 효모의 생육억제효과는 낮게 나타났으며, 특히 실제 발효시간에 해당하는 조건에서는 생육 억제효과가 아주 낮았다. 또한 곰팡이에 생육억제효과도 나타났으나, 부패 세균들은 분자량 30 kDa과 120 kDa에서 강하게 생육이 억제되었다. 키토산을 첨가한 식빵의 보존 효과는 5 kDa의 경우에서보다 경우에 더 컸고, 많아질수록 큰 것으로 저장 중 항산화 식빵보다 식빵에서 그 증가할수록 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 식빵 제조시 반죽에 첨가하면 저장성 증진효과가 있었다.

Abstract (K,Na)NbO 3 ( KNN ) is a promising lead‐free ferroelectric/piezoelectric system, to which incorporating BaZrO can greatly enhance its piezoelectricity, but the mechanism not clear. This work was conducted investigate phase transition in ‐modifed system and contribution piezoelectricity enhancement, using thin films with fixed orientation high compositional homogeneity fabricated by sol‐gel method. Two ferroelectric‐to‐ferroelectric transitions are revealed, correspond monoclinic M C...

This study examined the way in which risk perception of fine particular matter influences behavioral intention within larger context outdoor recreation. Risk perceptions were classified into three sub-dimensions: social-environmental risk, economic and physical risk. Then, these sub-dimensions applied to theory planned behavior. 345 responses collected from recreationists throughout Han-river region Seoul. The results data analysis prove that socio-environmental risks positively influence...

To provide the basic information of brassiere development for women with poor breast, we performed survey on their wearing habits brassieres by comparing breast type and normal women. Also, to suggest advanced design methods mould women, conducted subjective wear test commercial measured local thickness cup under various loads. As results, good fitness wire, natural silhouette, adaptation soft stretchy material were very important comfortable type. The good-fitness upper was key factor...

To assist the further development of hight-visibility clothing this study compared visibility and subjective wear sensation commercial protective vests with retro-reflecting materials or LEDs. Nine subjects high-visibility to evaluate how easy they were see when exposed headlight a car at night, assessed also. The intensity five different colored LEDs assembled on substrates separately also evaluated select suitable LED color for night clothing. illumination was measured by an illuminometer,...

Separate collection and recycling of used cooking oil (UCO) to generate biodiesel fuel for use as an alternative fossil fuels can reduce environmental burden. Therefore, establishment a system recycle UCO from households is urgently needed. For this, it critical analyze the information needed increase participation individuals in this endeavor. An online survey was conducted throughout Japan determine effective information, based on theory planned behavior. The future intentions 2,380 who...

Gaps between the upper edges of brassiere mold cups and breasts are one most serious issues in realizing comfort wearing commercial brassieres for small-breasted women. The surplus ease amounts causing fit problem were measured from 3D images women's brassieres. effect after removing edge cup was approved by subjective evaluation. Since volume distribution can also affect sensation brassiere, compared two different distributions, V_L, which concentrated at lower cup, V_C,...

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In recent years, the recycling of waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel has gained worldwide attention. Recycling WCO great significance because it not only reduces waste, but also curbs use fossil fuels. Here, we aim at suggesting measures to increase number people who participate in separate collection WCO. To this end, analyzed effects differences awareness facts that respective municipality collects and collected is utilized within on participation collection. We targeted 4,160...

To evaluate the heating performance of commercial heated vests, we investigated thermal images and temperature between body vest for three vests. We captured infrared thermography by FT-IR Spectrometer to analyzed elements taken from maximum vests was compared with image in room temperature(<TEX>$18^{\circ}C$</TEX>). In outdoor experiment(<TEX>$-4.7^{\circ}C$</TEX>), measured inner as well Four healthy men participated this experiment, ANOVA Duncan test performed statistical analysis. As...

This study aims to contribute Japanese policy recommendations with using the concept of 'Nudge' aimed at encouraging DR adoption that is scheduled for wholesale electricity market starting in April 2017. Because consumers have bounded rationality, if Nudge added DR, there a possibility expanding participation more widely. In this paper, we reviewed demand reduction efforts (the voluntary program) and demonstrated projects nudge concept. The found was useful both trials. However, also...

This study evaluated the convenience and heating performance of 4 heated vests on market through a trial vests. Participants were four healthy men who wore garments outside in cold temperatures typical garments' real conditions use. As results, all participants preferred product, having an easily operable controller ergonomic aspects good insulation for keeping body temperature. The was most important factor selecting best product this test. Indeed, themselves found not to be sufficiently...

Correction for ‘Differential effects of p38 and JNK activation by GSK3 on cadmium-induced autophagy apoptosis’ Ki-Tae Jung <italic>et al.</italic>, <italic>Toxicol. Res.</italic>, 2015, <bold>4</bold>, 976–985.

We investigated the effect of Ta doping on dielectric and piezoelectric properties lead-free (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 ceramics prepared using a conventional ceramic processing. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that was perfectly substituted into Nb-sites in range 0 to 20 at%. As content KNN increased, sinterability significantly degraded while enhanced constant d33, planar mode coupling coefficient (kp), electromechanical quality factor (Qm). The highest values for kp, Qm found be 156 pC/N, 0.37,...