A5068697843- Skin Protection and Aging
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- interferon and immune responses
- Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Alkaline Phosphatase Research Studies
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
King's College London
1999-2021
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
2018-2020
Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre
2018-2019
University of Nottingham
2018-2019
NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit
2016
Guy's Hospital
2014-2015
Cambridge University Press
1977-2009
New York University Press
2009
National Maternity Hospital
2008
St Thomas' Hospital
1970-2006
Sunlight contains ultraviolet (UV)A and UVB radiation. is essential for vitamin D synthesis but the main cause of sunburn skin cancer. Sunscreen use advocated to reduce sun's adverse effects may compromise status. To assess ability two intervention sunscreens inhibit during a week‐long sun holiday. The impact on status was studied 1‐week holiday in Tenerife (28° N). Comparisons were made between formulations, each with protection factor (SPF) 15. UVA‐protection (PF) low one case high other....
Epidemiology suggests that melanin inhibits cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis by UVR. Laboratory investigations assessing the impact of on D production have produced contradictory results. We determined effect photosynthesis in healthy young volunteers (n = 102) Fitzpatrick skin types II-VI (white to black). Participants, irrespective type, were exposed same suberythemal UVR dose, 85% body surface area, using solar simulated or narrowband UVB (311 nm). This was repeated five times with...
Action spectra are important biological weighting functions for risk/benefit analyses of ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVR) exposure. One human benefit exposure to terrestrial solar UVB (∼295 315 nm) is the cutaneous synthesis vitamin D
Abstract Background and Aims Previous studies have shown low rates of diagnosis treatment hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in people who inject drugs (PWID). Our aims were to test the effect a complex intervention [Hepatitis Awareness Through Treatment (HepCATT)] drug alcohol clinics—primarily, on engagement HCV‐positive PWID with therapy and, secondarily, testing for HCV, referral hepatology services start HCV treatment. Design setting A non‐randomized pilot study three specialist...
Terrestrial ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes erythema, oxidative stress, DNA mutations and skin cancer. Skin can adapt to these adverse effects by repair, apoptosis, keratinization tanning. To investigate the transcriptional response fluorescent solar‐simulated (FSSR) in sun‐sensitive human vivo. Seven healthy male volunteers were exposed 0, 3 6 standard erythemal doses (SED). biopsies taken at h 24 after exposure. Gene microRNA expression quantified with next generation sequencing. A set...
Sun protection factor (SPF) is assessed with sunscreen applied at 2 mg cm-2 . People typically apply around 0·8 and use daily for holidays. Such results in erythema, which a risk skin cancer.To determine (i) whether typical resulted epidermal DNA damage photoimmunosuppression during sunny holiday, (ii) optimal inhibited erythema (iii) biomarker laboratory study.Holidaymakers (n = 22) spent week Tenerife (very high ultraviolet index) using their own sunscreens without instruction (typical...
The United Kingdom has committed to eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat. Innovative interventions for marginalized populations are required realize this goal. In 2016, the HepCATT study team implemented complex C (HCV) intervention in three English drug treatment services, with five controls. We report qualitative findings from two sites explore success and transferability potential. comprised multiple components, including nurse facilitator, peer support education...
The cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) is a potentially mutagenic DNA photolesion that the basis of most skin cancers. There are no data on protection by sunscreens under typical conditions use. study aim was to determine such protection, in phototypes I/II, with representative sunscreen-user application. A very high SPF formulation applied at 0.75, 1.3 and 2.0 mg/cm2. Unprotected control exposed 4 standard erythema doses (SED) solar simulated UVR, sunscreen-treated sites 30 SED. Holiday...
Abstract The action spectrum for induction of the abnormal cutaneous response at 24 h in photosensitivity disorder chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) was determined 15 patients and found to be same shape as that normal sunburn fair‐skinned individuals h, 47 control volunteers, although displaced magnitude. This suggests an endogenous chromophore(s), or similar that/those responsible human sunburn, may initiation reaction irradiation CAD, putative antigen associated with CAD derived from molecules.
Childhood solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure increases the risk of skin cancer in adulthood, which is associated with mutations caused by UVR-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD). Solar UVR also main source vitamin D, essential for healthy bone development children.To assess impact a 12-day Baltic Sea (54° N) beach holiday on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3 ] and CPD 32 Polish children (skin types I-IV).Blood urine were collected before after assessed 25(OH)D3 excreted...
Public Health England (PHE) estimates that there are upwards of 160,000 individuals in and Wales with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but until now only around 100,000 laboratory diagnoses have been reported to PHE these 28,000 treated. Targeted case-finding primary care is estimated be cost-effective; however, has no robust randomised controlled trial evidence available specific interventions. Therefore, this study aims develop conduct a complex intervention within evaluate...
People who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; however, ~50% undiagnosed in England and linkage-to-care is poor. This study investigated the cost-effectiveness an intervention (HepCATT) to improve case-finding referral HCV treatment compared with standard-of-care pathways drug centres England.