A5038295041- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Sex work and related issues
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Genital Health and Disease
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Cancer Risks and Factors
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
ICAP Global Health
2021-2024
Columbia University
2015-2024
Georgia Department of Public Health
2024
Ministry of Health
2023
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
2008-2019
University of Tennessee at Knoxville
2017-2018
May Institute
2018
Creative Commons
2018
St. George's School
2012
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2005-2009
Abstract Obesity is a major risk factor for endometrial cancer, relationship thought to be largely explained by the prevalence of high estrogen levels in obese women. also associated with insulin, known mitogen. However, no prospective studies have directly assessed whether insulin and/or insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), related hormone, are cancer while accounting levels. We therefore conducted case-cohort study incident Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, cohort 93,676...
Abstract Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer, and hyperinsulinemia, common condition in obese patients, may underlie this relationship. Insulin, addition to its metabolic effects, has promitotic antiapoptotic activity that be tumorigenic. Insulin-like growth (IGF)-I, related hormone, shares sequence homology with insulin, even stronger mitogenic effects. However, few prospective cancer studies directly measured fasting none evaluated free IGF-I, or endogenous estradiol, potential...
Recent cervical cancer screening guidelines state that the interval between screenings can be safely extended to 3 years in healthy women 30 or older who have normal cytology results and negative test for oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA.To determine incidence of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) HIV-seropositive with results, by baseline HPV DNA results.Participants were (n = 855; mean age, 36 years) HIV-seronegative 343; 34 US enrolled Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), a...
The availability of potent antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed the HIV epidemic, changing disease from a fatal illness to chronic, manageable condition. In higher income countries, life expectancy for people living with (PLWH) increased substantially, nearing that general population [1–7], and similar gains have been seen in some parts sub-Saharan Africa, area world most impacted by [2,4,8–12]. Although access ART is far universal, substantial progress made reaching UNAIDS 90–90–90...
Studies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and their relation with hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia have had conflicting results. However, these studies varied in size methods, few large assessed HLA class I alleles. Only one study conducted high-resolution genotyping. The current investigation therefore involved II genotyping a multiracial cohort U.S. women high prevalence HCV HIV. Our primary analyses evaluated associations between 12 identified through critical review the literature...
Background Studies evaluating the impact of neighbourhood food environment on obesity have summarised density or proximity individual outlets. Though informative, there is a need to consider role entire environment; however, few measures whole system attributes been developed. New variables measuring were derived and used study association with body mass index (BMI). Methods Individual data BMI sociodemographic characteristics collected from 48 482 respondents 2002–2006 community health...
Although cigarette smoking has been identified as a cofactor for cervical neoplasia, it is not clear whether exerts an early or late effect on the evolution of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related lesions. A case-control study Washington State women who presented routine gynecologic care from 1997 to 2001 was conducted. All underwent cytologic testing and HPV DNA screening. Those with abnormal cytology findings positive oncogenic test random sample negative both tests were referred...
In Brief Objective. To describe outcomes after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women with HIV. Materials and Methods. Women two prospective cohort studies, the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) Epidemiology Research (HERS), were followed every 6 months CIN using human papillomavirus (HPV) testing cytology colposcopy as indicated. Identification or a squamous lesion (SIL) within was defined failure later disease recurrence. Results. Follow-up available for 170...
Several non-US-based studies have found seasonal fluctuations in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB).The current study examined patterns TB seasonality for New York City verified cases from January 1990 to December 2007.Autocorrelation functions and Fourier analysis were used detect a cyclical pattern monthly rates. Analysis variance was compare mean case proportions.A detected every 12 months. Of 34,004 included, 21.9% fall (September-November), 24.7% winter (December-February), 27.3% spring...
IntroductionAlthough studies have shown that childhood obesity overall is on the decline among New York City (NYC) public school children, prevalence of severe has not been studied. MethodsWe used height and weight measurements 947,765 NYC students aged 5 to 14 years in kindergarten through 8th grade (K-8), from 2006-07 2010-11.We age-and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) percentiles according Centers for Disease Control Prevention growth charts define (BMI ≥ 95th percentile) ≥120% identify...
Abstract Introduction Achieving optimal HIV outcomes, as measured by global 90‐90‐90 targets, that is awareness of HIV‐positive status, receipt antiretroviral (ARV) therapy among aware and viral load (VL) suppression those on ARVs, respectively, critical. However, few data from sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) are available older people (50+) living with (OPLWH). We examined progress age, 15–49 (as a comparison) 50+ years, further analyses (55–59, 60–64, 65+ vs. 50–54), in 13 countries (Cameroon,...
Abstract Introduction Zimbabwe is scaling up pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for key populations, including men who have sex with (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). To assess implementation inform HIV programming, we evaluated gaps in PrEP awareness, uptake use, correlates of awareness among a sample MSM, TGW genderqueer individuals (GQ) Harare Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Methods Respondent‐driven sampling was used to recruit 1194 MSM 344 TGW/GQ aged ≥18 participate cross‐sectional survey assessing...
Abstract Background Respiratory tract infections (RTI) cause high morbidity and mortality among nursing home (NH) residents, yet their etiology frequency remain understudied. We implemented multiplex respiratory panel (MRP) testing to describe RTI epidemiology in NH residents inform efforts reduce virus transmission NH. Figure 1 Flow diagram results of SNF NH-PHRN, February–April, 2024. Methods The Nursing Home Public Health Response Network (8 academic sites 22 affiliated NHs) is conducting...
Background. Tuberculosis contact investigation identifies individuals who may be recently infected with tuberculosis and are thus at increased risk for disease. Contacts latent infection (LTBI) offered chemoprophylaxis to prevent active disease; however, the effectiveness of this intervention is unclear as treatment completion generally low. Methods. A retrospective cohort study 30 561 contacts identified during 5182 cases diagnosed in New York City, 1997–2003, was performed. We searched NYC...
Both homelessness and incarceration are associated with housing instability, which in turn can disrupt continuity of HIV medical care. Yet, their impacts have not been systematically assessed among people living HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).We studied a retrospective cohort 1,698 New York City PLWHA both jail during 2001-05 to evaluate whether frequent transitions between were lower likelihood care subsequent one-year follow-up period. Using matched jail, single-adult homeless shelter, registry data, we...
Due to concerns about the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic on health services, we examined its human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services in sub-Saharan Africa.Quarterly data (Q1, 10/2019-12/2019; Q2, 1/2020-3/2020; Q3, 4/2020-6/2020; Q4, 7/2020-9/2020) from 1059 facilities 11 countries were analyzed and categorized by stringency measures. We conducted a difference-in-differences assessment HIV service changes Q1-Q2 Q3-Q4 higher vs lower stringency.There was 3.3%...
ABSTRACT Background Cameroon was among the most affected African countries during first wave of COVID‐19 pandemic; however, true prevalence SARS‐CoV‐2 remains unknown. Methods From October to December 2020, we conducted a cross‐sectional, age‐stratified seroepidemiological survey at 30 purposively selected community‐based sites across Cameroon's 10 regional capitals, sampling 10,000 individuals aged 5 years or older. We employed parallel antibody testing algorithm (WANTAI ELISA and Abbott...
ABSTRACT Background Nursing homes (NHs) were disproportionately affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, little is known regarding kinetics of SARS‐CoV‐2 shedding in NH residents and staff, which could inform treatment infection prevention. Methods We enrolled staff eight US states from April to November 2023 analyzed using serial antigen molecular (RT‐PCR) tests, whole genome sequencing, viral culture (VC). Symptoms, vaccination, collected via interviews chart review. Viral load...