In this paper, multiband antennas based on a single ring slot are proposed for 4G/5G smartphone applications. The basic structure of the antenna is consisted large metal ground and an unbroken rim, in which 2 mm-wide slots realized between rim. Here, reconfigurable 4G (820-960 1710-2690 MHz) initially devised by loading multiple grounded stubs simple dc controlling circuit with varactor diode into upper section slot. To further cover sub-6 GHz spectrum (3400-3600 future 5G communications,...

In this article, a new self-decoupling method, namely weak-field-based decoupling technique, is proposed and validated based on inset-fed patch antenna arrays. The effect realized by taking advantage of the inherent weak-field area created feeding structure patch. By strategically arranging array element in adjacent element, coupling strength between elements can be controlled under very low level without need any additional circuitry or structures. A two-element was first developed...

A novel cavity-backed slot antenna, with the ability of reconfiguring frequency, polarization, and radiation pattern, is presented. The reconfigurability realized by electronically controlling state switches between two crossed slots etched on surfaces a substrate integrated waveguide cavity. antenna capable simultaneously changing patterns forward backward directions, switching polarization among orthogonal linearly polarized (LP) circularly (CP) states, tuning three frequency bands for LP...

In this article, a new low-profile decoupling structure originated from the phase shift concept for patch antenna array is proposed. To clearly illustrate operation principle, of signal transmitted Patch 1 to 2 has been initially studied and condition two closely spaced antennas in H-plane also obtained. Afterward, element concisely composed half-wave microstrip line shorting pin developed. Attributing introduction additional path by structure, mutual coupling between adjacent patches...

A new approach to design differential-mode (DM) bandpass filters is proposed and implemented based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. By properly constructing topologies of SIW resonant cavities, balanced section filter achieves an attractive capacity in simultaneously realizing desired DM transmission expected common-mode (CM) suppression a certain band. In design, specified frequency response achieved with equivalent two-port circuit model. To illustrate possibilities...

A novel dual-band frequency-reconfigurable stacked patch antenna is presented. The comprises two square patches. Each divided into rectangular portions by a gap, and pair of varactor diodes introduced to bridge the gap. By changing reverse bias voltages across pairs diodes, can operate at dual frequency bands with independent tuning. fully functional prototype fabricated characterized. It exhibits continuously frequency-tunable characteristic, from 1.68 1.93 GHz for low band 2.11 2.51 high...

A novel microstrip dual-band filtering power divider (FPD) is presented in this letter. By introducing a proper coupling topology between the quarter-wavelength (λ/4) shortended line and two multi-mode resonators, dualband FPD constructed. Meanwhile, good isolation of attained by installing an resistor resonators. Additionally, 3λ/4 open-ended stubs are attached output coupled lines to improve its frequency selectivity obtain wide upper stopband. For validation, prototype operating at 1.57...

A comprehensive study on the mechanism of bandwidth enhancement for an equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna (MPA) under differential excitation is presented in this paper. Attributing to way excitation, radiation directivity TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> mode such a has been improved lot, and field distributions both xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> modes are found be simultaneously...

This letter presents a patch and substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity hybrid antenna with wide bandwidth high-selectivity filtering response. The proposed is compact single-layer structure height of 0.037 free-space wavelength composed one circular resonator, square SIW cavity, nine metallic pins. internally embedded in the surrounded ring slot feeding probe located cavity. Here, dominant resonant mode resonator (TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

A differentially driven dual-polarized high-gain stacked patch antenna is presented in this letter. Two-layer patches are adopted to increase the impedance bandwidth of antenna. Each two inserted with four shorting posts for enhancing gain. To validate proposed design, a prototype was meticulously fabricated and tested. The simulated measured results show fractional bandwidths greater than 19% differential reflection coefficients less -10 dB high isolation level between polarizations (|S...

A new design method of microstrip wideband balun bandpass filter (BPF) is presented in this letter. By utilizing the standing-wave property voltage distribution along an open-circuited half-wavelength (λ/2) transmission line, out-of-phase signals can be obtained at two output ports a balun. Meanwhile, proper coupling topologies between λ/2 line and multi-mode resonators are selected to achieve BPF with both characteristics balance performance filtering properties. To validate our proposal,...

A comprehensive study of a new planar-type balun prototype is presented in this paper for application the design bandpass filters (BPFs) with widely used open-type resonators. The proposed general composed two identical back-to-back quarter-wavelength (λ/4) coupled line sections. concept originates from analysis standing wave pattern on half-wavelength (λ/2) open-circuited transmission line. After an intuitive illustration given, its working principle to validate feasibility balun....

A low-cost $1 \times 4$ phased array incorporating continuously tunable substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) phase shifters is presented in this paper. Through seamless integration between antenna elements, shifters, and an SIW feeding network, the proposed assembled a multilayered monolithic structure. To obtain wide variation range, electronically controllable shifter constructed by introducing varactor diodes into reflection-type architecture, which can also offer simple solution to...

Rhabdomyolysis (RM) frequently gives rise to diverse complications, ultimately leading an unfavorable prognosis for patients. Consequently, there is a pressing need early prediction of survival rates among RM patients, yet reliable and effective predictive models are currently scarce. All data utilized in this study were sourced from the MIMIC-IV database. A multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted on data, performance new model evaluated based Harrell's concordance index...

Background: This study investigates the clinical features and pulmonary functions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia survivors at 3 or 6 months after diagnosis in Heilongjiang Province, China. Methods: Forty-six patients with COVID-19 diagnosed starting from February 2020 were enrolled this for follow-up August 2020. These categorized into three groups: Group A ( n = 24) B 11), who moderate severe followed up diagnosis, C diagnosis. Pulmonary functions, arterial blood gas...

For the first time, a balanced dual‐band bandpass filter using substrate integrated waveguide structure is reported. The co‐shared TE 102 ‐mode cavities arranged on symmetrical plane can greatly reduce common‐mode signal while selectively transmitting differential‐mode (DM) signal. In addition, desired DM response be easily analysed and obtained by equivalent 2‐port circuit model. To validate design concept, one X‐band prototype has been fabricated tested. measured results match well with...

A new microstrip lowpass filter with compact size and an ultra-wide stopband is proposed. To achieve band rejection, both triangular patch resonators radial are introduced in the filter. reduce circuit of further, meander transmission lines also adopted design. demonstration 3 dB cutoff frequency at 1 GHz has been designed, fabricated measured. Results indicate that proposed can suppress sixteenth harmonic response referred to a suppression degree 15 dB. Furthermore, exhibits small 0.111...

A new microstrip ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with two sharp notches using E-shaped resonator is proposed in this letter. The circuit topology and its corresponding electrical parameters of the initial UWB BPF are achieved by a variation genetic algorithm (GA). Then, resonance properties studied. Results reveal that multiple-mode property can be utilized design to achieve dual band-notched performance. To validate concept, notched bands respectively centered at frequencies 5.9...

A new balanced-to-balanced filtering power divider based on the square patch resonator is proposed in this paper. Originating from field distributions of degenerate modes resonator, a prototype successfully developed with only one resonator. Its working principle can be fully explained by distribution relevant resonant modes. Afterwards, to achieve sharp skirt selectivity outside passband, compact second-order circuit constructed original prototype. With structure, both good bandpass...

A novel compact ultra‐wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with triple sharply notched bands and good selectivity is proposed using a parallel U‐shaped defected microstrip structure (UDMS). The initial UWB BPF comprises interdigital coupled lines an E‐shaped multiple‐mode resonator to achieve two transmission zeros on both sides of the passband, thus improving skirt selectivity. Then, three UDMSs are introduced, which have properties achieving band‐notched characteristics providing high...

A class of wideband microstrip-to-microstrip vertical transitions is proposed via multiresonant modes in a slotline resonator formed on their common ground plane. The slot acts as multimode with microstrip lines at its two sides the input and output terminals. Multiresonant this can be properly excited by setting certain offset distance feeding points. As such, good signal transmission between top- bottom-layer achieved over wide frequency range determined these resonant modes. In context,...

A dual-band dual-circularly polarized (CP) all-metal antenna is proposed in this paper for vehicular communications to realize large signal coverage and high isolation over two bands. On the one hand, by combining rings of three-dimensional (3-D) L-shaped stubs a circular patch, opposite CP radiations, i.e., right-hand polarization (RHCP) left-hand (LHCP), can be achieved lower higher working frequency bands respectively, thus ensuring between different channels. other both radiation...

This paper presents a novel class of multilayered ultra-broadband bandpass filters based on high-impedance slotline resonators. The equivalent circuit and electrical properties the proposed resonator realized low-permittivity substrate are first discussed. To largely remove radiation losses devised resonator, two identical shunt-connected folded low-impedance sections utilized to replace one short-circuited section. Through synthesis design an microstrip-to-microstrip vertical transition,...

A novel circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna with frequency reconfiguration is presented. The consists of a rectangular etched rectangular-ring slot. Four pairs varactor diodes are symmetrically placed along the Two orthogonal resonant modes simultaneously excited by single coaxial probe feed. By varying capacitance values DC voltage, frequencies two can be changed. Moreover, introducing specific difference between length and width slot, good CP performances obtained over broad tuning...

In this paper, two wideband balanced-to-unbalanced (balun) bandpass filters (BPFs) are synthetically designed with three- and four-pole filtering responses, respectively. Based on the simplified even- odd-mode equivalent circuits of proposed three-pole balun BPF, exact impedance value cascaded microstrip sections connected balanced ports is first determined in order to attain a perfectly matched S-matrix. By virtue modified two-port transmission-line network asymmetrical port impedances,...