A5016617625- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Digestive system and related health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Gut microbiota and health
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Pediatric Hepatobiliary Diseases and Treatments
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Microscopic Colitis
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Jesse Brown VA Medical Center
2016-2025
University of Illinois Chicago
2016-2025
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2011-2023
Illinois College
2019
University of Michigan
2011-2019
Birmingham VA Medical Center
2007-2015
University of Chicago
1986-2011
Philadelphia University
2008-2011
University of California, Los Angeles
1999-2011
Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center
1998-2011
Recent studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated the involvement of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)1 in luminal uptake short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) human intestine. Functional previously kinetically distinct SCFA transporters on apical basolateral membranes colonocytes. Although is mediated by MCT1 isoform, molecular identity membrane transporter(s) whether this encoded another MCT isoform not known. The present were designed to assess expression localization different...
The sulfated polysaccharide carrageenan (CGN) induces activation of NFkappaB and interleukin 8 (IL-8) in human colonic epithelial cells through a pathway innate immunity mediated by Bcl10 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 10). In this report, we identify Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), member the family immune receptors, as surface membrane for CGN cells. Experiments with fluorescence-tagged demonstrated marked reduction binding to intestinal RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages, following exposure TLR4 blocking...
Abstract The intestinal barrier encompasses structural, permeability and immune aspects of the gut mucosa that, when disrupted, may contribute to chronic inflammation. Although gnotobiotic studies have demonstrated effects microbiota on mucosal systemic immunity, as well architecture innate characteristics, its impact function remains unclear. We compared germ-free conventional mice, mice colonized with human fecal that were followed for 21 days post-colonization. Colonic structure was...
Bile acids modulate several gastrointestinal functions including electrolyte secretion and absorption, gastric emptying, small intestinal colonic motility. High concentrations of bile lead to diarrhea are implicated in the development esophageal, cancer. Alterations acid homeostasis also pathophysiology irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) inflammatory disease (IBD). Our understanding mechanisms underlying these effects on gut has been greatly enhanced by discovery receptors, nuclear receptors:...
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a nuclear that controls xenobiotic detoxification via induction of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and regulates immune responses in the intestine. Metabolites L-tryptophan activate AhR, which confers protection against intestinal inflammation. We tested hypothesis serotonin (5-HT) an endogenous activator AhR epithelial cells. Treatment Caco-2 monolayers with 5-HT induced CYP1A1 mRNA time- concentration-dependent manner also stimulated activity. by was...
The short-chain fatty acid butyrate was readily taken up by Caco-2 cells. Transport exhibited saturation kinetics, enhanced low extracellular pH, and Na + independent. Butyrate uptake unaffected DIDS; however, α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate the analogs propionate l-lactate significantly inhibited uptake. These results suggest that transport cells is mediated a transporter belonging to monocarboxylate family. We identified five isoforms of this transporter, MCT1, MCT3, MCT4, MCT5, MCT6, in PCR,...
Carrageenan is a high molecular weight sulfated polygalactan used to improve the texture of commercial food products. Its use increased markedly during last half century, although carrageenan known induce inflammation in rheumatological models and intestinal colitis. We performed studies determine its direct effects on human cells, including normal epithelial cells from colonic surgeries, cell line NCM460, rat ileal cells. Cells were treated with lambda-carrageenan at concentration 1 mug/ml...
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is believed to function as an ATP-dependent efflux pump for natural product anti-cancer drugs in multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumor cells and certain normal tissues. P-gp has been localized the apical plasma membrane of bile canaliculus where it shown transport [3H]daunomycin. In this study, we investigated whether alterations lipid fluidity canalicular vesicles (CMV) could modulate P-gp-mediated accumulation [3H]daunomycin [3H]vinblastine. Accumulation both cytotoxic...
Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) is a major cause of infantile diarrhea, but the pathophysiology underlying associated diarrhea poorly understood. We examined role luminal membrane Cl(-)/OH(-) exchange process in EPEC pathogenesis using vitro and vivo models. activity was measured as OH(-) gradient-driven (36)Cl(-) uptake. infection (60 minutes-3 hours) inhibited apical human intestinal Caco-2 T84 cells. This effect dependent upon bacterial type III secretory system (TTSS) involved secreted...
Butyrate, a short chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the colon, constitutes major fuel for colonocytes. We have earlier shown role apically localized monocarboxylate transporter isoform 1 (MCT1) transport butyrate into human colonic Caco-2 cells. In an effort to study regulation MCT1 gene, we and others cloned promoter region gene identified cis elements key transcription factors. A previous has up-regulation expression, activity AA/C1...
Monocarboxylate transporter isoform-1 (MCT1) plays an important role in the absorption of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) colon. Butyrate, a major SCFA, serves as primary energy source for colonic mucosa, maintains epithelial integrity, and ameliorates intestinal inflammation. Previous studies have shown substrate (butyrate)-induced upregulation MCT1 expression function via transcriptional mechanisms. The present provide evidence that short-term regulation by substrates could be mediated...
Ileocolonic luminal pH has been reported to be abnormally low in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, and one of the causative factors may reduced epithelial HCO secretory rate (J). Disturbances J occur due inflammation-induced changes crypt villous architecture, or effect proinflammatory cytokines on ion transporters. To discriminate between these possibilities, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) overexpressing (TNF+/ΔARE) mouse model was chosen, which displays high cytokine levels...
Infection with the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum (CP) causes cryptosporidiosis, a widespread diarrhoeal disease. Impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function and increased permeability are most commonly associated diseases caused by enteric infections. However, studies on disruption underlying mechanisms in cryptosporidiosis extremely limited. Epithelial tight junctions (TJs) adherens (AJs) important maintaining integrity. Therefore, we examined effects of CP infection...
Butyrate, a key short-chain fatty acid metabolite of colonic luminal bacterial action on dietary fiber, serves as primary fuel for the colonocytes, ameliorates mucosal inflammation, and stimulates NaCl absorption. Absorption butyrate into colonocytes is essential these intracellular effects. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) plays major role in Previous studies (Tan J, McKenzie C, Potamitis M, Thorburn AN, Mackay CR, Macia L. Adv Immunol 121: 91-119, 2014.) showed decreased MCT1...
GPR120 (free fatty acid receptor-4) is a G protein-coupled receptor for medium- and long-chain unsaturated acids, including ω-3 acids. Recent studies have shown to play cardinal roles in metabolic disorders via modulation of gut hormone secretion insulin sensitivity exert anti-inflammatory effects macrophages adipose tissues. However, information on role at the level intestinal epithelium very limited. Current demonstrated differential levels mRNA protein along length human, mouse, rat...
Abstract Serotonin transporter (SERT) plays a critical role in regulating extracellular availability of serotonin (5-HT) the gut and brain. Mice with deletion SERT develop metabolic syndrome as they age. Changes microbiota are being increasingly implicated Metabolic Syndrome Diabetes. To investigate relationship between microbiome SERT, this study assessed fecal cecal profile 11 to 12 week-old +/+ −/− mice. Microbial DNA was isolated, processed for metagenomics shotgun sequencing, taxonomic...