Simple peptides can do that too: Synthetic amphiphilic 1, formed of electrophilic (E) and nucleophilic (N) precursors, are close analogues the Glu-(Phe-Glu)n molecules. The form soluble one-dimensional β-sheet aggregates in water (see picture), serve to significantly accelerate chemical ligation self-replication. Detailed facts importance specialist readers published as "Supporting Information". Such documents peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They made available submitted by...

Amphiphilic peptides comprising alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acid residues were designed to form super-secondary structures composed of self-assembled β-strands as monolayers at the air−water interface. Insights provided by in situ grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), surface pressure vs area isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy allow structural characterization assembled nanostructures rational correlation with peptide sequence. Peptides seven seventeen...

The packing arrangements of Langmuir films on aqueous solution simple amphiphiles, such as fatty acids, alcohols, amides, and amino are now established to near atomic resolution by the method grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), complemented various spectroscopic lattice energy computational techniques. For aliphatic chainlike amphiphilic molecules, it is possible correlate extent two-dimensional (2-D) crystallinity film with molecular interactions, in terms nature length hydrophobic...

Amyloid fibrils are one of the hallmarks Alzheimer's disease (AD), although a causative link between plaque-forming amyloid and AD pathology remains to be clarified. This study demonstrates, for first time naturally occurring amyloid, that comprising 42-residue amyloid-β peptide (Aβ42) exhibit significant catalytic properties. Aβ42 catalyzed hydrolysis model ester para-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) acetylthiocholine, surrogate neurotransmitter acetylcholine. also oxidation prominent...

Glucagon is a prominent peptide hormone, playing central roles in the regulation of glucose blood-level and lipid metabolism. Formation glucagon amyloid fibrils has been previously reported, although no biological functions such are known. Here, we demonstrate that catalyze biologically important reactions, including esterolysis, hydrolysis, dephosphorylation. In particular, found dephosphorylation adenosine triphosphate (ATP), core metabolic reaction cell biology. Comparative analysis...

We present a study of two-dimensional (2D) crystallites cholesterol formed at the air−water interface. Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) measurements performed along surface pressure−area isotherm revealed transition from monolayer to highly crystalline rectangular phase, about two layers thick. This variation in film thickness was confirmed by ellipsometry measurements. Films transferred onto solid support Langmuir−Blodgett technique were seen atomic force microscopy (AFM) display...

Habit forming: Amphiphilic lipopeptide 1 forms a stable monolayer with an antiparallel β-sheet conformation. This interacts calcium ions and can be used as biomimetic mineralization template for the formation of new crystal habit calcite (see SEM image). The nucleation different faces achieved depending on ability to adapt organic phase.

De novo designed amphiphilic and acidic β-sheet peptides in the form of monolayers fibril assemblies are used as templates for monitoring calcium phosphate nucleation. The regular arrangement negatively charged aspartic acid residues a solution supersaturated with respect to apatite induces nucleation amorphous phosphate, which over time transforms into (see figure). This study demonstrates bottom-to-top design synthesis new mineralized-peptide composite biomaterials.

Abstract Amphiphilic and acidic β ‐sheet‐forming peptides (AA Ps) having the sequence Pro‐Y‐(Z‐Y) 5 ‐Pro, Y = Glu or Asp Z Phe Leu may assemble into hydrogel structures at near neutral pH values, several units higher than intrinsic p K a of their amino acid side chains. The bottom‐to‐top design strategy enables rationally supported association between peptides' acids composition bulk hydrogelation. Hydrogen bonds chains in ‐sheet structure are found to contribute substantially stabilization...

Calcium-phosphate-scale formation on reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is a major limiting factor for cost-effective desalination of wastewater. We determined the effects various organic chemical groups found membrane surfaces calcium-phosphate scaling. Langmuir films exposing different functional were equilibrated with solution simulating ionic profile secondary effluent (SSE). Surface pressure−area (Langmuir) isotherms combined ICP elemental analyses interfacial precipitate suggested...

The effectiveness of a drug may be highly dependent on its delivery to target organ and even specific intracellular organelles. In this study we developed nanoparticles (NPs) composed the anionic polypeptide poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), designed amphiphilic cationic β-sheet peptide (PFK), which tends form fibril bilayer assemblies. These assemblies generate hydrophobic niches within NPs, enhance NPs' capacity deliver drugs. NPs created by coassembly γ-PGA PFK, further coated with had...

Biomaterials folded into nanoparticles (NPs) can be utilized as targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. NPs may provide a vehicle the anticancer lonidamine (LND), which inhibits glycolysis but was suspended from use at clinical trial stage because of its hepatotoxicity due to poor solubility and pharmacokinetic properties. The prepared by coassembly anionic polypeptide poly gamma glutamic acid (γ-PGA) designed amphiphilic positively charged peptide (designated mPoP-NPs) delivered...

Abstract Antibiotic resistance of bacteria is considered one the most alarming developments in modern medicine. While varied pathways for acquiring antibiotic have been identified, there still are open questions concerning mechanisms underlying resistance. Here, we show that alpha phenol-soluble modulins (PSMαs), functional bacterial amyloids secreted by Staphylococcus aureus , catalyze hydrolysis β-lactams, a prominent class compounds. Specifically, PSMα2 and, particularly, PSMα3 amide-like...

A 30-residue peptide, BS30, which incorporates two proline residues to induce reverse turns, was designed form a triple-stranded β-sheet monolayer at the air−water interface. To discern structural role of proline, second BS30G, identical BS30 but with glycine replacing prepared and examined in parallel fashion. Surface pressure−molecular area isotherms indicated limiting per molecule (ca. 460 Å2) for that corresponds well estimated from known dimensions crystalline monolayers (492 Å2)....

Molecular systems composed of peptides or proteins can be programmed to yield intriguing and potentially useful supra-molecular architectures. In the past decade peptide self-assemblies at interfaces have been subject various studies aiming formation molecular structures with predictable patterns properties. Most these utilized amphiphilic peptides, usually a particular secondary structure, that self-assemble through non-covalent intermolecular interactions, into two-dimensional, organized...

Einfache Peptide können das auch: Synthetische amphiphile 1, die aus elektrophilen (E) und nucleophilen (N) Vorstufen entstehen, sind nahe mit Glu-(Phe-Glu)n-Molekülen verwandt. Die bilden in Wasser lösliche eindimensionale β-Faltblatt-Aggregate (siehe Bild), sie beschleunigen chemische Ligation sowie Selbstreplikation erheblich.

The self-assembly of two similar amphiphilic peptides into fibril structures is described. Molecular dynamic simulations show that both can organize similarly in a monolayer, but the bilayer, one prefers single organization while other forms conformational variants. This assembly difference correlates well with our experimental results.

Here we demonstrate that the smallest possible motif of amphiphilic and pleated β-strand structure can be generated using tri-peptides stabilized by π-π stacking interactions. Monitoring early stages Phe-Glu-Phe fibril formation revealed unique angular orientations. fibrils were further exploited as adsorbing templates for metal ions.

Abstract The transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are a family of diseases characterized by abnormal folding and aggregation the prion protein. One directions in search for cure these other amyloid focuses on inhibition protein small molecules, short peptides, nanoparticles. Nanoparticles seem to be particularly promising therapeutic candidates since they stable, can made biocompatible, might readily traverse physiological barriers such as blood–brain barrier. Here, novel class chiral...