Background Remimazolam is a new ultra short-acting benzodiazepine originally developed as an improved version of midazolam. Recent studies have demonstrated non-inferiority remimazolam to propofol in general anesthesia. However, date, few investigated the induction bolus dose required achieve We aimed determine 95% effective (ED95) loss consciousness (LOC) and appropriate doses for different age groups. Methods Patients aged 20–79 years with American Society Anesthesiologists physical status...

The methanol extract of Codium fragile (MECF) has been reported to possess bioactive properties such as antidegranulation in eosinophils, well anti-edema, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. However, little is known about the molecular effects MECF on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. Therefore, we investigated whether affects expression inflammatory mediators LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. To evaluate anti-inflammatory MECF, cells were pretreated with for 1 hour then...

Insertion under laryngoscopic guidance has been used to achieve ideal positioning of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). However, date, efficacy this technique evaluated only using fiberoptic evaluation, and results have conflicting. Other reliable tests evaluate not established. Recently, it suggested that accuracy LMA placement can be determined by clinical signs such as oropharyngeal leak pressure (OPLP). The aim study was assess insertion OPLP an indicator. After approved institutional...

Remimazolam is a new anesthetic drug developed and an ultra-short-acting agent with rapid onset offset. The pharmacology of this seems to be ideal for short surgeries eligible I-gel insertion. Therefore, study aimed determine the optimal bolus dose remimazolam insertion when co-administered remifentanil without neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs).Patients aged 19-65 years American Society Anesthesiologists physical status I or II scheduled general anesthesia were enrolled. first was 0.15...

We investigate the measurable range of subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) with conventional spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in normal healthy eyes.All subjects underwent an SD-OCT horizontal line scan centered at fovea standard and enhanced depth imaging (EDI) techniques. Two independent observers manually measured SFCT on EDI-OCT images, if two borders were identified. The rate successful measurement OCT was evaluated. Inter- intraclass correlation coefficients...

Abstract Daily PrEP is highly effective at preventing HIV-1 acquisition, but risks of long-term tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine (TDF-FTC) include renal decline and bone mineral density decrease in addition to initial gastrointestinal side effects. We investigated the impact TDF-FTC on enteric microbiome using rectal swabs collected from healthy MSM before initiation after 48 72 weeks adherent use. The V4 region 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing showed that Streptococcus was...

Background: Double lumen endobronchial tube (DLT) intubation is commonly used for one-lung ventilation in thoracic surgery. However, because of its large size and shape, it difficult to perform compared with a single tube. The aim this randomized controlled trial was determine whether the McGrath videolaryngoscope has any advantage over direct Macintosh laryngoscope DLT patients simulated airway. Methods: Forty-four (19–60 years age); scheduled undergo general anesthesia were assigned 1 2...

Remimazolam has advantages such as hemodynamic stability and rapid onset. We investigated the effects of induction doses on hemodynamics recovery profiles for remimazolam compared to propofol in older patients. Sixty-nine patients aged >65 years were randomly assigned either anesthesia group (P group) or with an dose 6 mg/kg/h (R6 12 (R12 group), followed by 1 mg/kg/h. P was anesthetized 4 µg/mL effect-site concentration (Ce) target-control infusion, 2.5–3 Ce. The primary outcome...

ABSTRACT Background The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is high and increasing. However, evidence regarding oral anticoagulant (OAC) use these insufficient conflicting. Methods This retrospective cohort study included the Korea National Health Insurance System diagnosed AF after ESKD onset from January 2007 to December 2017. primary outcome was all-cause death. Secondary outcomes were ischaemic stroke, hospitalization for major bleeding...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the radiographic and functional outcomes flexible intramedullary (IM) nailing in adolescent patients with forearm fractures at diaphysis or metadiaphyseal junction (MDJ).We retrospectively reviewed results 40 who underwent IM for pediatric fractures. Thirty males 10 females were followed an average 16 months (range, 12 20 months). Their age 11 years years). duration from onset trauma surgery 3.8 days 1 36 days). Fracture sites located MDJ radius 8...

Direct insertion of a double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT) over fibreoptic bronchoscope (FOB) is considered more difficult and traumatic than that single-lumen (SLT). We hypothesized time to intubation an FOB using silicone left DLT would be non-inferior polyvinyl chloride (PVC) SLT.Eighty patients were enrolled in this open-label, randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial. Patients randomly allocated tracheal with either or PVC SLT (DLT groups, respectively). Time [time plus railroading...

Opioids are used as a treatment for coughing. Recent studies have reported an antitussive effect of remifentanil during recovery from general anesthesia by suppressed The coughing reflex may differ throughout the respiratory tract larynx to bronchi. But proper dose prevent cough double-lumen tube (DLT) extubation is unknown. Twenty-five ASA physical status 1 and 2 patients, 20 65 years age who were undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery requiring 1-lung ventilation enrolled....

Background: Remifentanil can improve insertion of a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) during induction with propofol. Recently, it has been suggested that there is sex difference in opioid requirements for this procedure. The purposes study were to determine the effective effect-site concentration (Ce) remifentanil facilitation LMA male and female patients propofol anesthesia without neuromuscular blockade evaluate whether are differences Ce required successful insertion. Methods: Forty-eight (24...

A dynamic thread pool model is one of a multithread server programming that handles many requests from users concurrently. Even though such as watermark overcomes the efficient usage resources, it could be more to obtain required number threads in advance. In this paper, we implement prediction-based using customized exponential average for utilization occupied but unused resources. This designed improve response time server, and efficiently uses system resources depending on userspsila...

A reflex cough is often observed after an intravenous (IV) bolus of remifentanil. Since ketamine was reported to be effective in modulating the reflex, this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed evaluate efficacy pretreatment with on remifentanil-induced cough.320 patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery were randomly allocated into two groups receive either IV 0.1 mg/kg (ketamine group, n = 156) or 0.9% saline (saline 154) 1 min before...

We investigated the presence of, and changes in, long memory features in returns volatility dynamics of six Asia-Pacific foreign exchange markets (Australian dollar, Japanese yen, Korean won, New Zealand Singaporean Taiwan dollar) using time-varying Hurst exponents. In particular, instead relying on a single static measure memory, we explored over time to assess market efficiency by analyzing markets. Furthermore, considering rolling approach, estimated values exponent for windows with 1,000...