A5065221917- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Microscopic Colitis
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines
- Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Genital Health and Disease
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Cancer survivorship and care
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)
2013-2024
Analysis Group (United States)
2024
Merck (Germany)
2024
Novavax (United States)
2024
Pharmac
2019
MSD K.K. (Japan)
2009-2012
United States Military Academy
2003-2010
Drug Safety Research Unit
2009
Johns Hopkins University
2004-2006
Mahidol University
2006
Background: Studies in animal models have shown that systemic immunization with a papillomavirus virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine composed of L1, major structural viral protein, can confer protection against subsequent experimental challenge the homologous virus. Here we report results double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial to evaluate safety and immunogenicity human (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) L1 VLP healthy adults. Methods: Volunteers were given intramuscular injections placebo...
Despite a large increase in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) severity, morbidity and mortality the US since early 2000s, CDI burden estimates have had limited generalizability comparability due to widely varying clinical settings, populations, or study designs.A decision-analytic model incorporating key input parameters important epidemiology was developed estimate annual number of initial recurrent cases, attributable all-cause deaths, economic general population, specific high-risk...
In clinical trials, the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) was efficacious in preventing severe gastroenteritis (RGE) and related health care encounters. We assessed effectiveness (VE) of RV5 among US infants during first 2 seasons after licensure.Using a large, national, insurance claim database, we monitored cohorts (infants who received 3 doses concurrent group diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis but did not receive RV5) through 2007 2008 (January 1 to May 31), identify cases RGE...
To examine self-reported quality of life and health status HIV-infected women a comparison sample HIV-uninfected in rural Uganda, we culturally adapted Lugandan version the Medical Outcomes Survey-HIV (MOS-HIV). We administered cross-sectional survey among 803 (239 HIV-positive 564 HIV-negative) enrolled community study to evaluate maternal child Rakai District, Uganda. The interview took 20 minutes was generally well-accepted. Reliability coefficients were >0.70, except for role...
<h3>Objectives:</h3> (i) To assess the psychosocial burden of testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) related genital disease or a HPV-related diagnosis; (ii) to compare an instrument specifically designed measure with other generic quality life (QoL) instruments. <h3>Methods:</h3> A cross-sectional design. Researchers recruited women from outpatient clinics at major tertiary women's hospital and sexual health centre who completed surveys within 3 months receiving results: 331 women, 18–45...
Background. Although newer studies have evaluated risk factors for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), the vast majority did not measure important biomarkers such as endogenous anti–toxin A and B antibody levels. Methods. Data from placebo group of a phase 2 trial testing monoclonal antibodies to C. toxins preventing CDI recurrence (rCDI) were analyzed assess associated with rCDI. Patients symptomatic taking metronidazole or vancomycin enrolled. The primary outcome was rCDI...
BACKGROUND. Viral load (VL) surrogate endpoints transformed development of HIV and hepatitis C therapeutics. Surrogate for CMV-related morbidity mortality could advance antiviral treatments. Although observational data support using CMV VL as a trial endpoint, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrating direct associations between virological markers clinical are lacking.
The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) raises the question whether vaccines that include a component to elicit antiviral T cell immunity based on single viral clade could provide cellular immune protection against divergent HIV-1 clades. Therefore, we quantified cross-clade reactivity, among unvaccinated individuals, anti-HIV-1 responses infecting relative other major circulating clades.Cellular clades A, B, and C were compared by standardized interferon- gamma...
To facilitate future decisions regarding the usefulness of rotavirus vaccines in Republic Korea, active surveillance was conducted a network clinics, emergency departments, and hospitals serving Jeongeub District, Korea. Children with diarrhea underwent standard clinical evaluations, stool specimens were collected to test for presence rotavirus. Parents interviewed collect demographic family information. From 1 July 2002 through 30 June 2004, total 4106 children, representing (50%) every 2...
Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in young children and causes substantial morbidity mortality. Although clinical aspects have been well described, little information available regarding emotional, social, economic impact rotavirus gastroenteritis on family a sick child. The objectives this study were to: 1) assess through qualitative interviews with parents; 2) compare severity rotavirus-positive negative gastroenteritis; 3) test questionnaire asking parents to rank...
BACKGROUND Predicting recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (rCDI) remains difficult. METHODS. We employed a retrospective cohort design. Granular electronic medical record (EMR) data had been collected from patients hospitalized at 21 Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals. The derivation dataset (2007–2013) included 9,386 who experienced incident CDI (iCDI) and 1,311 their first recurrences (rCDI). validation (2014) 1,865 144 rCDI. Using multiple techniques, including machine...
Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea worldwide in young children. Although rotavirus vaccine efficacy high developed countries, lower developing countries. Here, we investigated heterogeneity by infant characteristics countries.An exploratory, post hoc analysis was conducted using randomized controlled trial data pentavalent (RV5) Africa and Asia (NCT00362648). Infants received either 3 doses vaccine/placebo were followed for up to 2 years. Within subgroups, efficacies 95%...
Objective:A comprehensive questionnaire designed to assess the full spectrum of potential human papillomavirus (HPV)-related psychosocial effects in women does not exist. The HPV Impact Profile (HIP) was developed determine impact infection and related interventions.Research design methods:Draft instrument items domains were using a literature review cognitive debriefing interviews with who had experienced HPV-related conditions. An importance rating guided item ranking reduction. A draft...
Kung-Liahng Wang, Cherng-Jye Jeng, Yuh-Cheng Yang, Chi-An Chenf, Wen-Fang Chengf, Tze-Chien Chena, T. Christopher Mastg, Ya-Chuan Wangg & Chang-Yao Hsieh*fa Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospitalb Medicine, Nursing Management Collegec Taipei Medical Universityd Cathay General Hospitale Research, Hospitalf National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwang Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA
Background: A pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) demonstrated efficacy and safety in a large clinical trial before US licensure 2006. The primary objective of this observational study was to assess the occurrence intussusception (IS) among infants who received RV5 routine use. Secondary objectives assessed Kawasaki disease (KD) general safety. Methods: We identified followed with health insurance claim for during first 2 years availability. Concurrent historical cohorts receiving...
In 2006, Merck & Co., Inc., partnered with the Nicaraguan Ministry of Health to demonstrate public health impact routine universal vaccination by delivering more than 1.3 million doses oral, pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) in a 3-year period.A matched case-control study evaluated effectiveness RV5 reducing risk for severe wild-type gastroenteritis (RGE) resulting hospitalizations and emergency department visits among children who completed recommended 3-dose regimen as part national...
To determine the burden of rotavirus disease before introduction vaccines.From February 2005 to June 2006, prospective surveillance was conducted in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Durham, North Carolina. Children < 5 years age presenting at hospitals outpatient clinics with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) 72 hours duration were enrolled. Stool samples first tested for by EIA VP7 type determined RT-polymerase chain reaction rotavirus-positive samples. Medical costs obtained from billing or accounting...
Effectiveness of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) after administration complete (3 dose) regimen has been demonstrated in a real-world setting. This study assessed effectiveness RV5 following partial completion 3-dose regimen.Using large national health insurance claims database, 2 cohorts infants (those who received and concurrent group diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis, but not RV5) were followed through 2007 2008 seasons (January 1 to May 31) identify cases gastroenteritis...
Background: Rotavirus (RV) is the leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis among young children. Since US licensure pentavalent RV vaccine (RV5) and monovalent (RV1), a decline activity has been observed. Objective: To describe patterns RV-related health care utilization infants receiving vaccines (RVVs). Methods: A large national insurance claims database was used to identify born from January 2002 through July 2011. From this cohort, were divided into three groups: (1) those who...
We conducted prospective, hospital-based surveillance for rotavirus disease a 2-year period at 4 of 12 public government (Hospital Authority [HA]) hospitals in Hong Kong. It has been estimated that HA provide 90% inpatient care Information was collected children <5 years old who had primary or secondary diagnosis diarrhea whom stool sample tested the presence (by enzyme immunoassay) bacteria culture). Surveillance data were compared with routine discharge information from HA's computerized...