The medical records of 437 patients with 929 facial fractures were retrospectively analyzed. Fracture patterns classified based on the presence or absence in each 4 anatomic subunits (frontal, upper midface, lower and mandible). most common etiology trauma was assault (36%), followed by motor vehicle collision (MVC, 32%), fall (18%), sports (11%), occupational (3%), gunshot wound (GSW, 2%). fracture type nasal bone (164). MVC found to be a significant predictor panfacial fractures, as GSW....

Background: Soft-tissue and bony reconstruction with free-tissue transfer is one of the most versatile tools available to reconstructive surgeon. Determination flap perfusion early detection vascular compromise prompt correction remain critical in success. The aim this report describe utility laser-assisted indocyanine green fluorescent dye angiography reconstruction. Methods: From October 2007 March 2008, 27 nonrandomized, nonconsecutive patients underwent surgical free flaps conjunction...

Background: The purpose of this study was to objectively report practices commonly used in cleft palate repair the United States. This investigates current surgical techniques, postoperative care, and complication rates for surgery. Methods: All 803 surgeon members American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association were sent online and/or paper surveys inquiring about their management patients. Results: Three-hundred six received, a 38 percent response rate. represented responses surgeons from...

Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is phenotypically diverse, making classification difficult. This article explores the evolution of ideas regarding CL/P and includes schemes described by Davis Ritchie (1922) , Brophy (1923) Veau (1931) Fogh-Andersen (1943), Kernahan Stark (1958) Harkins et al. (1962) Broadbent (1968), Spina (1973) others. Based on these systems, a longhand structured form proposed for describing in way that clear, comprehensive, consistent. A complementary shorthand notation...

The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Israeli Kibbutz-City Study has followed the development offspring schizophrenic parents from middle childhood through early adulthood. During childhood, a subgroup patients showed clear neurobehavioral deficits often accompanied by poor social competence. Early followup data suggest that this high-risk children is at greatest risk for adult schizophrenia spectrum illness. Jerusalem Infant Development similar population before birth childhood. A...

Background: The purpose of this study was to report objectively on practice trends in unilateral cleft lip repair the United States and Canada. This details current technique preferences, modifications, adjunct procedure use. Methods: All surgeons American Cleft Palate–Craniofacial Association Canadian Society Plastic Surgeons (n = 1138) were mailed a survey inquiring about their management lip. Results: Responses received from 622 (55 percent response rate), whom 269 currently perform...

Background: As the U.S. population ages and life expectancy increases, number of elderly patients seeking trauma care treatment for facial fractures will increase. Understanding age-related differences in pattern, cause, management these is essential improving care. Methods: A retrospective review adults presenting to a Level I center was performed evaluate fractures. Descriptive statistics were used compare fracture number, type, cause injury, management, adverse events between (older than...

Keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2), also described as fibroblast factor-10 (FGF-10), is a member of the factor family. KGF-2 shares 57 per cent sequence homology to previously reported KGF-1 (FGF-7). In skin, both factors are expressed in dermal compartment. and bind same receptor with high affinity, KGFR isoform FGFR2, which exclusively by epithelial cells. This study examines vivo function topically applied on wound healing using an ischaemia-impaired rabbit ulcer model, young aged...

Five children with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), ranging in age from 2Πto 10 years, were noted to have abnormal neurological findings. These mainly cerebellar. Others attention deficit disorder three, mental retardation two, and epilepsy one. The neuropathology seen FAS provides a more than adequate basis for the clinical Children FAS, or history of utero exposure, signs, do not need investigation.

Background: Patients with panfacial fractures comprise a small portion of the overall facial fracture patient population. Because forces necessary to cause injury, these patients often have other concomitant injuries. The timing operative management remains controversial. Methods: A 3-year review all was conducted at Duke University Medical Center (2003–2005, 437 total patients). All fractures, defined as involving least three four segments (frontal, upper midface, lower and mandible), were...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is any difference in external rotation following reconstruction the suprascapular nerve using grafts from proximal C5 root or transfer spinal accessory nerve.External assessed Active Movement Scale immediately before surgery and 3 years postoperatively. Patients with less than follow-up were excluded. For patients who underwent secondary shoulder 3-year follow-up, score used as outcome.One-hundred-six grafting, while 71 transfer. group...

Facial palsy manifests a broad array of deficits affecting function, form, and psychological well-being. Assessment scales were introduced to standardize document the features facial facilitate exchange information comparison outcomes. The aim this study was determine which assessment methodologies are currently employed by those involved in care patients with as first step toward development consensus on appropriate assessments for patient population.Online questionnaire.The Sir Charles...

After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand principles of contemporary methods for repair unilateral and bilateral cleft lip. 2. design elements a poor that predispose to suboptimal outcome.The authors describe evaluation management lip (with or without alveolus with palate). Each deformity is presented in "principles-based" manner. For lip, discuss common modifications rotation-advancement Fisher's anatomical subunit approach. In expert hands, both...

Although offspring of parents with schizophrenia are at risk for schizophrenic illness as adults, little is known about their pattern symptoms children and adolescents. Lifetime Axis I II DSM-III-R diagnoses were made 116 young people (ages 12–22). Forty-one subjects had a parent schizophrenia, 39 nonschizophrenic mental disorder, 36 no illness. Schizophrenia spectrum disorders occurred higher rates among (17.1%) than in other (5.3%), even after controlling disorder the nonproband parent....

Background: The purpose of this prospective study was to develop and validate an objective means grading the presurgical unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity. Our hypotheses are that expert surgeons can reliably rank patients according their subjective assessment degree deformity anthropometric measurements correlate consistently with assessment. Methods: Forty consecutive infants were subjectively ranked on standardized photographs by four senior surgeons. Internal agreement assessed....

The purpose of our study was to measure radiation dose the orbit during pediatric cranial CT with and without bismuth shielding using a novel dosimetry system. Cranial performed on anthropomorphic phantom, eye shields. A solid-state metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) dosimeter used obtain real-time measurements.Bismuth reduced by up 42%; shield artifact fell outside diagnostic area interest.

Surgical correction of cranial abnormalities, including craniosynostosis, requires knowledge normal skull shape to appreciate dysmorphic variations. However, the inability current anthropometric techniques adequately characterize three-dimensional severely limits morphologic study. The authors previously introduced vector analysis, a quantitative method that maps form from computed tomography data. In this article, report its role in development and validation normative database pediatric...

Background Surgical intervention for metopic synostosis is largely based on a subjective impression of the presence and severity trigonocephaly. Several objective methods have been proposed to characterize phenotypic severity, but these are imprecise or impractical. The purpose this investigation was develop practical reliable quantitative method assess trigonocephaly using computed tomographic (CT) data. Methods Clinical administrative databases were queried identify sequential patients...