A5011582854- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Disaster Response and Management
- Public Health Policies and Education
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Gender, Security, and Conflict
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Health and Wellbeing Research
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
Pacific Institute For Research and Evaluation
2005-2020
Alcohol Research Group
1994-2018
Institute for Research and Evaluation
2018
University of Michigan
2011-2015
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
2008-2014
Harvard University
2008-2013
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2013
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
2013
Hôpital Pellegrin
2012
Michigan United
2011
Objective: This study examines whether the association between violence and population density is moderated by presence of alcohol outlets, both within a target geographical area in adjacent areas. The effect sociodemographic variables on also examined controlling for spatial confounding. Method: Zip code areas (N = 766) California from four distinct (three urban one rural) were rates violence, taking into consideration characteristics persons living those potential interaction effects...
The conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is deadliest since World War II. Over a decade fighting amongst an array armed groups has resulted extensive human rights abuses, particularly widespread use sexual violence against women.Using mixed-methods approach, we surveyed non-random sample 255 women attending referral hospital and two local non-governmental organizations to characterize their experiences gender-based (SGBV). We then conducted focus 48 survivors SGBV...
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine if Head Start participation is associated with healthy changes in BMI. METHODS: sample included children participating between 2005 and 2013 from 2 comparison groups drawn a Michigan primary care health system: 5405 receiving Medicaid 19 320 not Medicaid. Change BMI z score the beginning end each academic years intervening summer compared by using piecewise linear mixed models adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity. RESULTS: total 43 748...
The purpose of the study was to determine whether moderate alcohol use mediates or buffers effect stress on depression in a group non-Hispanic White men and women.Data are from Los Angeles Epidemiological Catchment Area cohort. Individuals were assessed at two time periods, 1 year apart. Mean scores analyzed for each level use.In simultaneous presence both chronic strain negative life events, U-shaped pattern observed which abstainers light heavy drinkers had higher second period than did...
We examined the relationship between alcohol outlets, drug markets (approximated by arrests for possession and trafficking), violence in Boston, Massachusetts, 2006. analyzed geographic environmental versus individual factors related to identified areas high violent crime.
We examined the association between moderate alcohol use and depressive mood among young adults before after adjustment for demographic, health, socioeconomic factors that may act as confounders.We analyzed 2 waves of interview data collected from 13892 who participated in National Longitudinal Study Adolescent Health to compare frequency symptoms drinkers with other categories.With health factors, were similar drinkers, lifetime long-term abstainers, heavy/heavier but remained significantly...
Increased use of cigars has been noted among youth, as well blunts (hollowed-out filled with marijuana). Three types relationships have previously hypothesized between tobacco and marijuana in substance progression. We aimed to assess these for Southeast Asian American youth adults an urban population. conducted in-person interviews 164 Asians, smokers non-smokers, two low-income communities Northern California, collecting both quantitative qualitative data. Analysis the data indicated...
Although epidemiology is necessarily involved with elucidating causal processes, we argue that there little practical need, having described an epidemiological result, to then explicitly label it as (or not). Doing so a convention which obscures the valuable core work of important constituent public health practice. We discuss another approach emphasizes "use value" research findings in regard prediction and intervention independent from explicit metaphysical claims. Examples are drawn...
Background: Frameworks for studying the ecology of human behavior suggest that multiple levels environment influence and these interact. Applied to studies weapons aggression, this suggests proximal risk factor (e.g., substance use) effects may differ across neighborhoods. Objectives: To estimate how association between aggression use varies as a function several community-level variables. Methods: Individual-level measures (demographics, behavioral measures) were obtained from survey youth...
Background: Alcohol consumption is often reported to decrease with ageing. We investigated alcohol and drinking patterns in an ageing population-based male sample during 11-year follow-up period. Methods: This study baseline two examinations (at 4 11 years) included 1516 randomly selected participants, aged 42, 48, 54 60 years from Eastern Finland. the year preceding examination were assessed. Data analysed using Generalized Estimating Equations Mixed Models. Results: Over period, amount of...
Hazard vulnerability analysis (HVA) is used to risk‐stratify potential threats, measure the probability of those and guide disaster preparedness. The primary objective this project was analyse level preparedness in public hospitals Emirate Abu Dhabi, utilising HVA tool collaboration with Disaster Medicine Section at Harvard Medical School. secondary review each facility's plan make recommendations based on findings. Based review, article makes eight observations, including need for more...
Objective: Underage tobacco sales is considered a serious public health problem in Los Angeles. Anecdotally, rates have been thought to be quite high. In this paper, using spatial statistical techniques, we describe underage sales, identifying areas with high levels of and hot spots controlling for sociodemographic measures. Methods: Six hundred eighty-nine outlets were investigated throughout the city Angeles 2001. We consider factors that explain vendor location illegal youth focus on...
Abstract The effect of alcohol use on the relationship between stress and depression in US-born Mexican American men, Americans born Mexico, non-Hispanic Whites United States was examined a sample obtained from Los Angeles Epidemiological Catchment Area study. Chronic stress, measured by financial strain, acute negative-life events, were included analysis. Alcohol through combination frequency, quantity, binging behavior. Non-Hispanic found to have U-shaped which moderate drinkers, presence...
We investigated changes in the geography of Chronic Obstructuve Pulmonary Disease (COPD) hospitalization charges California over period 1993 and 1999.There is little information available at less than county level for this increasingly costly disease California.We found, using a uniform grid unit method, (4X4 16X16 mile urban rural grids respectively, zip codes as base source information) positive relationships between COPD age, percentage Hispanics, number tobacco outlets.Further, inverse...
ABSTRACT This article assesses the drinking norms and practices of two generations Southeast Asians in East San Francisco Bay Area. Researchers included quantity frequency measures current alcohol use binge open-ended questions on behaviors a mixed-method study tobacco use. The generated data through in-person interviews with 164 respondents from urban neighborhoods. findings include normative among women underage youth, youths particularly troubling. Preventive interventions for this...
Past research has linked alcohol outlet densities to drinking, drunken driving, and alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). Because impaired drivers travel some distances from drinking places crash locations, spatial relationships between outlets are complex. We investigate these at 3 geographic levels: census block groups (CBGs), adjacent (nearby) areas, whole cities.