A5056252477- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Plant and animal studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Orthoptera Research and Taxonomy
Virginia Commonwealth University
2015-2025
Stellenbosch University
2016-2018
Google (United States)
2017
Washington University in St. Louis
2005-2009
University of Florida
2001-2006
Boston University
2006
We present a framework for explaining variation in predator invasion success and impacts on native prey that integrates information about predator–prey naïveté, behavioral responses to each other, consumptive non-consumptive effects of predators prey, interacting multiple species interactions. begin with the 'naïve prey' hypothesis posits naïve, lack evolutionary history non-native suffer heavy predation because they exhibit ineffective antipredator novel predators. Not all naïve however,...
Deicing agents, primarily road salt, are applied to roads in 26 states the United States and a number of European countries, yet scale impacts salt on aquatic organisms remains largely under-studied. The issue is germane amphibian conservation because both adult larval amphibians known be particularly sensitive changes their osmolar environments. In this study, we combined survey, experimental, demographic modeling approaches evaluate possible effects two common vernal-pond-breeding species,...
An important goal in ecology is developing general theory on how the species composition of ecosystems related to ecosystem properties and functions. Progress this front limited partly because need identify mechanisms controlling functions that are common a wide range types. We propose one mechanism, rooted evolutionary all species, adaptive foraging behavior response predation risk. To support our claim, we present two kinds empirical evidence from plant‐based detritus‐based food chains...
The global resurgence and emergence of new mosquito-borne diseases increasing resistance mosquitoes to chemical pesticides have prompted renewed interest in biocontrol methods that use aquatic predators mosquito larvae. For disease vectors with complex life cycles, like mosquitoes, which adults are terrestrial choose habitats deposit their offspring, shifts oviposition site selection may important consequences for vector population dynamics epidemiology. While there been numerous studies...
The functional response is a critical link between consumer and resource dynamics, describing how consumer's feeding rate varies with prey density. Functional models often assume homogenous size size-independent rates. However, variation in due to ontogeny competition ubiquitous, predation rates are dependent. Thus, responses that ignore may not effectively predict through or heterogeneous populations. Here, we use short-term response-surface experiments statistical modeling develop test...
Environmentally cued plasticity in hatching timing is widespread animals. As with later life‐history switch points, may have carryover effects that affect subsequent interactions predators and competitors. Moreover, the strength of such be context dependent. We used red‐eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas , to test for lasting (four or six days post‐oviposition) under factorial combinations resource levels (high low) predation risk (none, caged, lethal Pantala flavescens dragonfly naiads)....
Many species with complex life histories can respond to risk by adaptively altering the timing of key history switch points, including hatching. It is generally thought that such hatching plasticity involves a trade-off between embryonic and hatchling predation risk, e.g., early escape egg comes at cost increased vulnerability predators. However, most empirical work has focused on simply detecting predator-induced responses or short-term consequences plasticity. Short-term studies may not...
Top predators are known to play an important role in the assembly of communities via two mechanisms: (1) by altering colonization (or emigration) patterns prey through behavioral habitat selection, and (2) vital rates (e.g. mortality, birth) after colonization. While both these mechanisms act determine assembly, research has focused on either their combined overall effects (confounding them), or examined them singly. As a result, it remains unclear how sequentially shape community structure....
Predation risk can cause organisms to alter the timing of life history switch points. Theory suggests that increased in an early stage should select for switching earlier and smaller, while subsequent later larger. This framework has frequently been applied metamorphosis amphibians, with mixed results. Few studies examining effect larval predation on have observed predicted pattern, no studies, our knowledge, examined during after this point. Here we examine post-metamorphic red-eyed...
Abstract The effects of multiple predators on their prey are frequently non‐additive because interactions among predators. When shift habitats through ontogeny, many cannot interact directly. However, that occur in different or feed stages may still indirect mediated by traits and density. We conducted an experiment to evaluate the combined arboreal egg‐stage aquatic larval‐stage African treefrog, Hyperolius spinigularis . Egg larval predator were – more survived both than predicted from...
1. Non-consumptive effects of predators are increasingly recognized as important drivers community assembly and structure. Specifically, habitat selection responses to top during colonization oviposition can lead large differences in aquatic structure, composition diversity. 2. These among communities due may develop assemble, potentially altering the relative quality predator vs. predator-free habitats through time. If so, would be expected modify subsequent behavioural colonists containing...
I compared species richness and habitat correlates of leaf-litter herpetofaunal abundance in undisturbed selectively logged forests, an abandoned pine plantation Kibale National Park, Uganda. sampled 50 randomly located 25 m2 litter plots each area during the wet dry seasons 1997. Ten anuran, five lizard, three snake were captured over study. Assemblage composition was most similar at unlogged sites. The forest herpetofauna had higher than forest, but diversity greater due to evenness. In...
Predators can reduce prey density through consumption and induce changes in the phenotypes of surviving (e.g. their behavior, morphology, life history). Recent reviews have highlighted importance both types effects for understanding species interactions food webs. However, most studies focus on only or trait effects‐few examined within a single predator–prey system. Here I examine egg‐stage predators East African reed frog, Hyperolius spinigularis, with arboreal clutches aquatic larvae. To...
To effectively balance investment in predator defenses versus other traits, organisms must accurately assess predation risk. Chemical cues caused by events are indicators of risk for prey a wide variety systems, but the relationship between how perceive relation to amount consumed predators is poorly understood. While per capita rate often used as metric relative risk, studies aimed at quantifying predator-induced commonly control biomass However, can change altering either number or size...
Abstract Virtually all studies investigating morphological plasticity have focused on how organisms change in response to treatments that are constant throughout the experiment but which different means. In this study, we investigated possibility can morphologically respond other environmental parameters like amount of variability or maximum. Sea urchin larvae adjust length their feeding structure, a band cilia, mean food concentrations. We whether sea also capable responding maxima by...