This review sheds novel insights on the residual oxide behaviour of solid-state weld joints aluminium alloys. Understanding influence oxides surface before and during welding, its impact structure possible solutions for reducing were addressed. The techniques most relevant to transportation sector namely, diffusion bonding, friction stir spot welding ultrasonic surveyed, analysed reviewed. During this analysis, implication presence substrate affecting metallurgical characteristics was...

In recent years, numerous scientific and technological innovations have been introduced in the fields of medicine dentistry. The application computer-based engineering techniques has enabled significant improvement design performance biomedical components, including implants prostheses. Innovative flexible manufacturing methods, such as single point incremental forming (SPIF), allow cost-effective production these "custom-made" components. SPIF technology employed to manufacture a metal...

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state process that uses rotating tool to soften and the base metal, thereby joining it. A special type of has attracted interest researchers so-called bobbin (BTFSW), which, unlike conventional tools with one shoulder, features two shoulders envelop metal from both top bottom sides. As result, significant tensile stresses develop on sides weld, caused by action shoulders. In this paper, issue was addressed applying laser shock peening (LSP), aiming...

Hardfacing is a welding-related technique aimed at depositing harder and tougher layer onto softer, less wear-resistant substrate or base metal. This process enhances the abrasion resistance of component, increasing its durability under working conditions. A key feature hardfacing dilution, which refers to mixing In this study, shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) was employed hardface structural steel using chromium carbide vanadium consumables, with results compared AISI D2 cold-work tool...

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is a solid-state process, wherein the properties of weld joint are influenced by state friction and localised thermodynamic conditions at tool-workpiece interface. An issue well-known about FSSW joints their lack reliability since they abruptly delaminate weld-faying interface (WFI). This study explores origins delamination multiple lap welded aluminium alloy (AA 5754-H111) sheets joined different rotational speeds typically used in industry. Experimental...

Friction stir spot welding is an emerging spot-welding technology that offers opportunities for joining a wide range of materials with minimum energy consumption. To increase productivity, the present work addresses production challenges and aims to find solutions lap-welding multiple ultrathin sheets maximum productivity. Two convex tools different edge radii were used weld four AA5754-H111 alloy each 0.3 mm thickness. understand influence tool geometries process parameters, coefficient...

In this paper, the wear rate of ferritic and pearlitic ductile iron, as well three types austempered iron (ADI materials), at 300, 350 400 °C is investigated. Two parameters were varied, load (0.5, 1.3, 2 kg) grit paper abrasive grain size (P240, P500, P800). The hardness stress-assisted phase transformation retained austenite into martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon in ADI materials found to play major roles behaviour. pronounced SATRAM was detected for most severe parameters. Another important...

In recent years, the interest of scientific community in perforated plates for ballistic protection has increased. Perforated do not represent by themselves, rather, they are used armour systems armoured vehicles, conjunction with base armour, since intended to induce bend stresses, where a penetrating core fracture occurs. The fragments subsequently stopped vehicle armour. Although first time several decades ago, found be attractive even today. main reason is combination very convenient...

The objective of this work was to measure and correlate the degree conversion (DC), mechanical properties monomer elution from self-, dual- light-cured core composites. Five samples each following materials were prepared for test: Clearfil (Core, Photo Core, Automix), Bisco (Core-Flo, Light-Core Bis-Core). DC determined using FTIR, compressive flexural strength modulus elasticity a universal testing machine microhardness Vickers hardness. Elution measured HPLC. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's...

Abstract An efficient and productive joining technique to weld aluminium has become a priority challenge for promoting the use of in electrical industry. One challenges is obtain welds with superior mechanical properties consistent quality surface as well low resistance. In this paper, influence rotational speed during friction stir spot welding AA 5754-H111 was studied analyse welds. The results from two speeds (1000 rpm 4500 rpm) are presented compared base material. It observed that...

Aliphatic polyketone is a new-age eco-friendly, high-performance engineering thermoplastic. However, its potential for replacing other polymers depends on ability to be processed. Considering that the first aliphatic suitable processing was developed relatively recently (2015), material gained new research potential. In this paper screw extrusion-based process additive manufacturing of polyketone. A detailed characterisation and printed samples done. It shown extruder-base can produce stable...

In the paper, influence of tool shoulder geometries on mechanical properties and weld surface roughness an Al-Mg alloy was studied.Different types tools were used: with straight concave profiles.Three concave-shoulder applied, volume ratios 0.5 0.9 square pin to reservoir one three concentric semi-toroidal reservoirs a ratio reservoir.The tensile bend properties, hardness profiles macro-features welds examined.It found that optimum bending obtained when applying lowest welding speed.In this...

Bobbin tool friction stir welding (BTFSW) utilizes a special that possesses two shoulders interconnected by pin instead of one: the top shoulder and in conventional FSW tool. This greatly simplifies kinematics otherwise complicated setup since bottom forms surface weld, without need for backing plate. Moreover, enters base metal sideways travels, forming joint straight line while rotating, downward upward motion at beginning end process. paper presents study on BTFSW geometry parameters risk...

Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Welding (BTFSW) is a variant of FSW process using the special two shoulder tool that forms top and bottom weld surface. As such, significant simplification welding setup achieved. One dominant parameters BTFSW interference between pinch gap metal thickness. In this research, influence square pin with convex shoulders on temperature, microstructure, tensile, impact bend performance were studied, appropriate correlations devised. The base was aluminum-magnesium alloy,...

Bobbin tool friction stir welding (BTFSW) is a variant of the FSW process which uses special two-shoulder that forms top and bottom weld surface. As such, significant simplification setup achieved. One dominant parameters BTFSW interference between shoulder pinch gap metal thickness. In this research, influence square pin with convex shoulders on temperature, microstructure, tensile, impact, bend performance were studied, appropriate correlations devised. The base was an aluminum–magnesium...

In this paper, the influence of TiO2 nanoparticle coating on cobalt-based electrodes was studied. Different treatment times were applied, and results compared to hard-faced layer obtained with unmodified electrodes. The hard facing done in three layers, first being a Ni-based interlayer, followed by two layers corrosion wear-resistant Co-based Stellite 6 alloy. Pin-on-disc wear testing along metallographic study hardness measurements layers. Furthermore, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy...

In this study, a new method of incorporation TiO 2 nano particles into the rutile coating shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) is presented. contrast to conventional mixing during fabrication, infiltration by immersion used, enabling modify already fabricated elecrodes. To assess benefits from incorporated particles, different durations were applied: 30 s, 4 and 8 min. Chemical properties welds obtained with unmodified modified electrodes, microstructures, tensile properties, hardnesses, SEM...

Nowadays, the substitution of copper with aluminium is widely pursued in order to save weight and material costs, for battery components wire connectors. Additionally, cost reductions can be further enhanced effective reduction energy consumption through efficient manufacturing. Therefore, friction stir spot welding as a solid-state technique potential choice low demands high joining performances. However, its alloys techniques still challenging task due persistent chemically stable oxide...

The aim of this work was to find the influence addition low amount hydrophilic and hydrophobic TiO2 nanoparticles on compressive strength, microhardness rheological properties flowable dental composite material. Specimens were prepared by adding 0.05; 0.2 1 wt. % 20 nm nanoparticles. These specimens compared non-modified control in strength microhardness. Furthermore, their determined. optimal nanoparticle loading TiO2, resulting significantly higher than those specimen group. Mechanical...