A5033276535- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- Catalysts for Methane Reforming
- Ionic liquids properties and applications
- Catalysis and Oxidation Reactions
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Crystallography and molecular interactions
- Zeolite Catalysis and Synthesis
- Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
- Metal complexes synthesis and properties
- Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
- Oxidative Organic Chemistry Reactions
- Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
- Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Magnetism in coordination complexes
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
- Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Catalysis
- RNA regulation and disease
- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
- Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
University of St Andrews
2014-2025
St. Andrews University
2019
Sasol (United Kingdom)
2007-2017
Animal and Plant Health Agency
2012-2015
Sasol (Germany)
2008-2014
University of Glasgow
2013
Leibniz Institute for Catalysis
2012
Veterinary Medicines Directorate
2005-2011
University of Rostock
2008
University of Nottingham
1999-2006
<b>Objectives</b> To carry out a further survey of archived appendix samples to understand better the differences between existing estimates prevalence subclinical infection with prions after bovine spongiform encephalopathy epizootic and see whether broader birth cohort was affected, implications for management blood products handling surgical instruments. <b>Design</b> Irreversibly unlinked anonymised large scale samples. <b>Setting</b> Archived from pathology departments 41 UK hospitals...
A process for the hydroformylation of relatively low volatility alkenes (demonstrated 1-dodecene) in a continuous flow system is described. The catalyst dissolved an ionic liquid while substrate and gaseous reagents are transported into reactor supercritical CO(2), which simultaneously acts as transport vector aldehyde products. Decompression fluid mixture downstream yields products free both reaction solvent catalyst. use rhodium complexes triaryl phosphites leads to ligand degradation...
Rhodium complexes of [1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium]2 [PhP(C6H4SO3-3)2] dissolved in the ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate catalyse hydroformylation oct-1-ene at a constant rate for >20 h continuous flow process which substrate, gases and products are transported out reactor scCO2; <1 ppm rhodium is present collected product.
Neutrophils are short-lived leukocytes that die by apoptosis. Whereas stress-induced apoptosis is mediated the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway (Frasch, S. C., Nick, J. A., Fadok, V. Bratton, D. L., Worthen, G. S., and Henson, P. M. (1998) Biol. Chem. 273, 8389–8397), signals regulating spontaneous neutrophil have not been fully determined. In this study we found increased activation of C (PKC)-β -δ in neutrophils undergoing apoptosis, but show only PKC-δ was directly...
Various [Cr(CO)4(P∩P)]+ complexes have been synthesized and tested for the tetramerization of ethylene to give principally 1-octene. The effect anion has investigated, it found that successful catalysis an extremely weakly coordinating is required. This study shows when [Al(OC(CF3)3)4]- employed as anion, along with triethylaluminum PNPiPr coordinated diphosphine, system active ethylene. first example CrI being used a catalyst precursor selective gives evidence toward catalytic cycle acting...
Operando EPR under elevated ethylene pressure supported by in situ XAS was for the first time applied to discriminate between active and deactivating Cr species tetramerization. Starting from Cr(III) Cr(acac)3 precursor, a (PNP)Cr(II)(CH3)2 complex is most likely formed upon adding PNP MMAO, which regarded as that converts 1-octene passing reversible redox cycle, while reduction Cr(I) leads deactivation.
Here we present the synthesis of nanometre sized silver particles which have been trapped within porous substrates; poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) beads and silica aerogels. This is first time that supercritical carbon dioxide has used to impregnate such materials with coordination complexes. In this paper demonstrate control over resultant nanoparticles respect size, loading distribution in support material achieved by simple choice precursor complex. The solubility complexes solvent shown be...
The hydroformylation of long chain alkenes, carried out as a continuous flow process by using catalyst made in situ from [Rh(CO)2(2,4-pentanedioate)] and [1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium][Ph2P(3-C6H4SO3)] dissolved 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonamide), is reviewed. substrates are introduced into the products removed reactor continuously flowing supercritical carbon dioxide. Optimisation studies allow term operation with rates up to 500 turnovers h−1 rhodium leaching...
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) may have been transmitted to British sheep via contaminated feed in the 1980s. Strain-typing techniques based on immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of abnormal protein (PrP d ) and molecular analysis proteinase-resistant res by Western blotting (WB) can discriminate between natural or experimental scrapie BSE sheep. Between 1 January 1998 31 October 2001, 1247 sheep, clinically suspected scrapie, were found be positive statutory tests Great Britain....
For the first time, a Cr(acac)3/PNP mixture (PNP = Ph2PN(i-Pr)PPh2) and [(PNP)CrCl2(μ-Cl)]2 complex were monitored by in situ EPR cyclohexane toluene, respectively, during oligomerization of ethylene. Cr(acac)3/PNP, Cr3+ reduction is faster than low-spin Cr+ formation, suggesting that major active species EPR-silent, possibly an antiferromagnetic dimer and/or Cr2+. Fast decomposition to [Cr(η6-CH3C6H5)2]+ probable reason for low activity.
Continuous-flow rhodium-catalysed hydroformylation of long chain alkenes has been achieved with selectivities to the desired linear aldehyde 92% and minimum rhodium loss, using a xantphos-derived ligand attached an imidazolium salt in supercritical fluid–ionic liquid system. The effect oxygen system can be ameliorated some extent by adding simple sulfonated triphenylphosphine catalytic solution.
Abstract The effects of ocean acidification on otolith crystallization and growth rates were investigated in gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata ) larvae. Larvae exposed to three different pH levels: pH8.2, pH7.7 pH7.3 for a period 18 days post-fertilization. For the first time, we demonstrate that has significant impact carbonate polymorph composition, showing calcite percentage individuals at low pH. Around 21% larvae showed irregular calcitic otoliths rather than commonly found round...
Isotopic enrichment of
The combination of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy with both 17 O isotopic enrichment and DFT calculations provided detailed insight into the bulk surface structure γ-Al 2 3 .Comparison experimental NMR...
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of 11 isoenzymes that are differentially involved in the regulation cell proliferation. PKC-βII, mitotic lamin kinase, has been shown previously to translocate nucleus at G2/M and this was coupled generation nuclear diacylglycerol. However, it not clear how isoenzyme selective translocation targeting achieved during cycle. To investigate further role diacylglycerol we measured PKC analysed species different stages cycle U937 cells synchronized by...
The hydroformylation of 1-octene under continuous flow conditions is described. system involves dissolving the catalyst, made in situ from [Rh(acac)(CO)(2)] (acacH=2,4-pentanedione) and [RMIM][TPPMS] (RMIM=1-propyl (Pr), 1-pentyl (Pn) or 1-octyl (O) -3-methyl imidazolium, TPPMS=Ph(2)P(3-C(6)H(4)SO(3))), a mixture nonanal passing substrate, 1-octene, together with CO H(2) through dissolved supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)). [PrMIM][TPPMS] poorly soluble medium so heavy rhodium leaching (as...
The beamline optics and endstations at branch B of the Versatile Soft X-ray (VerSoX) B07 Diamond Light Source are described. B07-B provides medium-flux X-rays in range 45–2200 eV from a bending magnet source, giving access to local electronic structure for atoms all elements Li Y. It has an endstation high-throughput photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) near-edge absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) measurements under ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) conditions. second dedicated NEXAFS pressures UHV ambient...
An iron Fischer–Tropsch (F–T) catalyst has been prepared and evaluated using CO hydrogenation at 623 723 K as a test reaction. Micro-reactor measurements establish reaction profiles. The is then scaled up to enable inelastic neutron scattering (INS) of the be acquired. INS spectra (200–4000 cm−1) are characterised by combination hydrocarbon moieties hydroxyl groups. Whereas low temperature sample an aliphatic overlayer, features high attributed partially hydrogenated polycyclic aromatic...
The importance of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) as a precursor phase in the biomineralization marine calcifiers is increasingly being reported, particularly presence ACC has been observed or inferred several major groups. Here, we investigate structure and conditions required for its precipitation from seawater-based solutions, with an emphasis on coinfluence system (pH, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration), seawater Mg/Ca ratio, amino acids. We find that Mg2+ aspartic acid,...
[Ag2(hfpd)2([14]aneS4)]∞ and [Ag(hfpd)([9]aneS3)]∞ form one-dimensional coordination polymers in which the polymeric nature of complexes is generated by one thioether donors adopting unusual bridging modes to link metal centers. The strongly coordinating hfpd anions act inhibit polymer propagation.
Refinements to established sample handling issues connected with the acquisition of inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectra heterogeneous catalyst samples are described. This involves modification a reactor and improvements gas apparatus. The latter includes provision laboratory space ventilation facilities that suited increasingly wide range catalytic being examined. INS measurements for CO hydrogenation over an iron-based Fischer-Tropsch recorded using MARI spectrometer presented...