A5001376228- Tree-ring climate responses
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond
- Forest ecology and management
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Climate change and permafrost
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Natural Products and Biological Research
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
Austral University of Chile
2015-2024
Universidad de Magallanes
2023-2024
Center for Climate and Resilience Research
2013-2023
University of Chile
2003-2017
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2009
Centro de Estudios Científicos
2009
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
2006
Abstract. Since 2010 an uninterrupted sequence of dry years, with annual rainfall deficits ranging from 25 to 45 %, has prevailed in central Chile (western South America, 30–38° S). Although intense 1- or 2-year droughts are recurrent this Mediterranean-like region, the ongoing event stands out because its longevity and large extent. The extraordinary character so-called megadrought (MD) was established against century long historical records a millennial tree-ring reconstruction regional...
Significance The SADA is an annually-resolved hydroclimate atlas in South America that spans the continent south of 12°S from 1400 to 2000 CE. Based on 286 tree ring records and instrumentally-based estimates soil moisture, complements six drought atlases worldwide filling a geographical gap Southern Hemisphere. Independently validated with historical records, shows frequency widespread severe droughts extreme pluvials since 1960s unprecedented. Major events expressed are associated strong...
Though tree-ring chronologies are annually resolved, their dating has never been independently validated at the global scale. Moreover, it is unknown if atmospheric radiocarbon enrichment events of cosmogenic origin leave spatiotemporally consistent fingerprints. Here we measure 14C content in 484 individual tree rings formed periods 770-780 and 990-1000 CE. Distinct excursions starting boreal summer 774 spring 993 ensure precise 44 records from five continents. We also identify a meridional...
Since 2010, Chile has experienced one of the most severe droughts over last century, so-called mega-drought (MD). The MD conditions, combined with intensive agricultural activities and current water management system, have led to scarcity problems in Mediterranean Semi-arid regions Chile. An emblematic case is Petorca basin, where a crisis undergone. To characterize this crisis, we analyzed provision by using tree-ring records, remote sensing, instrumental data, allocated rights within...
Abstract. Throughout the second half of 20th century, Central Andes has experienced significant climatic and environmental changes characterized by a persistent warming trend, an increase in elevation 0 °C isotherm, sustained glacier shrinkage. These have occurred conjunction with steadily growing demand for water resources. Given short span instrumental hydroclimatic records this region, longer time are needed to understand nature climate variability improve predictability precipitation,...
Assessing the impact of mining activity on availability environmental pollutants is crucial for informing health policies in anticipation future production scenarios critical minerals essential transition to a net-zero carbon society. However, temporal and spatial monitoring often sparse, measurements may not extend far enough back time. In this study, we utilize variations chemical elements contained tree-rings collected local villages from an area heavily affected by copper Atacama Desert...
The coastal mountains of semiarid Chile are punctuated by patches fog‐dependent evergreen forests. Fog episodes often occur when the prominent topography intercepts a well developed deck stratocumulus (Sc) off north central Chile. A 22‐year record ground‐based fog observations at Fray Jorge Biosphere Reserve (FJBR, 30°S), atmospheric reanalysis and satellite derived low cloud amount used to document annual cycle interannual variability frequency there. number foggy days minimizes during...
Projected future trends in water availability are associated with large uncertainties many regions of the globe. In mountain areas complex topography, climate models have often limited capabilities to adequately simulate precipitation variability on small spatial scales. Also, their validation is hampered by typically very low station density. Central Andes South America, a semi-arid high-mountain region strong seasonality, zonal wind upper troposphere good proxy for interannual variability....
Abstract. Since 2010 an uninterrupted sequence of dry years, with annual rainfall deficits ranging from 25 to 45 %, has prevailed in Central Chile (western South America, 30–38° S). Although intense 1- or 2-year droughts are recurrent this Mediterranean-like region, the ongoing event stands out because its longevity and large spatial extent. The extraordinary character so-called Mega Drought (MD) was established against century long historical records a millennial tree-ring reconstruction...
1 We studied the importance of fallen logs as recruitment sites for tree species, their role in species coexistence, and also influence canopy openness litter depth on establishment mid-successional old-growth temperate rain forests Chiloé Island, southern Chile. 2 Old-growth (OG) stands showed significantly more than (MS) stands. Concomitantly, proportion seedlings saplings established was greater OG MS 3 Of 13 found at our study sites, eight a significant bias towards logs, especially...
Because of the reported decreasing trends in precipitation south central Chile and high priority Valdivian rain forest ecoregion conservation, it is essential to understand long‐term changes water availability this area. Thus, study presents a 410 year annual streamflow reconstruction for Maule River watershed located Mediterranean‐type climate northern part (35°S–36°30′S). The used Austrocedrus chilensis tree ring chronologies, adjusted R 2 was 0.42. characterized by interannual,...
Abstract. Despite the great number and variety of glaciers in southern South America, situ glacier mass-balance records are extremely scarce glacier–climate relationships still poorly understood this region. Here we use longest (> 35 years) most complete record, available for Echaurren Norte (ECH) Andes at ∼ 33.5° S, to develop a minimal surface model that relies on nearby monthly precipitation air temperature data as forcing. This basic is able explain 78 % variance annual record over...
Abstract In the Mediterranean Andes region (MA; 30°–37°S), main rivers are largely fed by melting snowpack and provide freshwater to around 10 million people on both sides of Mountains. Water resources in MA under pressure because extensive development industrial agriculture mining activities. This is increasing as faces one its worst recorded droughts. Previous studies have pointed El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climatic force impacting MA. However, role decadal multidecadal climate...
Tree growth is generally considered to be temperature limited at upper elevation treelines, yet climate factors controlling tree semiarid treelines are poorly understood. We explored the influence of on stem and stable isotopes for Polylepis tarapacana Philipi, world's highest species, which found only in South American Altiplano. developed tree-ring width index (RWI), oxygen (δ18O) carbon (δ13C) chronologies last 60 years four P. stands located above 4400 m elevation, along a 500 km...