A5054191663- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Geological formations and processes
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Optical Network Technologies
- Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
- Archaeology and Rock Art Studies
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Climate variability and models
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier
2015-2024
Université de Montpellier
2015-2024
École Pratique des Hautes Études
2016-2024
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2011-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2013-2024
University of Cape Town
2006-2024
International Geographical Union
2020-2024
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
2014-2023
Indiana University Bloomington
2022
University of Kansas Medical Center
2018-2019
Impacts of global climate change on terrestrial ecosystems are imperfectly constrained by ecosystem models and direct observations. Pervasive transformations occurred in response to warming associated climatic changes during the last glacial-to-interglacial transition, which was comparable magnitude projected for next century under high-emission scenarios. We reviewed 594 published paleoecological records examine compositional structural vegetation since glacial period project magnitudes...
Abstract Reproducible climate reconstructions of the Common Era (1 CE to present) are key placing industrial-era warming into context natural climatic variability. Here we present a community-sourced database temperature-sensitive proxy records from PAGES2k initiative. The gathers 692 648 locations, including all continental regions and major ocean basins. trees, ice, sediment, corals, speleothems, documentary evidence, other archives. They range in length 50 2000 years, with median 547...
Fossil pollen records are well-established indicators of past vegetation changes. The prevalence across environmental settings including lakes, wetlands, and marine sediments, has made palynology one the most ubiquitous valuable tools for studying climatic change globally decades. A complementary research focus been development statistical techniques to derive quantitative estimates conditions from assemblages. This paper reviews commonly used their rationale seeks provide a resource...
A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context natural climate variability. We present a global compilation quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy extending back 12,000 years through Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved sub-millennial scale (median spacing 400 or finer) and have one age control point every 3000 with cut-off values slackened in...
An extreme megadrought occurred in the Afro-Asian monsoon region during an iceberg melting episode 50,000 years ago.
Research Article| August 01, 2009 A record of rapid Holocene climate change preserved in hyrax middens from southwestern Africa B.M. Chase; Chase * 1Arid Environmental Systems Group, School Geography and the Environment, University Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK2Department Geographical Science, Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South *E-mail: brian.chase@geog.ox.ac.uk. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar M.E. Meadows; Meadows 2Department L. Scott; Scott...
ABSTRACT This paper highlights the importance of differentiating between precipitation amount and moisture availability (‘humidity’/‘aridity’) when considering proxy records climate change. While terms are sometimes used interchangeably, is determined by both (i) (ii) temperature, through its influence on potential evapotranspiration. As many palaeoenvironmental proxies reflect changes in this water balance rather than purely amount, it important to distinguish relative influences...
Abstract Aim The high amount of species diversity concentrated in southern Africa has been attributed to palaeoclimatic factors, and the timing radiations some taxa corresponds global trends. Using dwarf chameleons ( Bradypodion : Chamaeleonidae) as a model system, we explored relationship between fluctuations cladogenesis with respect both temporal spatial patterns an effort understand process speciation Africa. Location South Africa, particular emphasis on Cape Floristic Region...
Abstract Presented here are stable nitrogen isotope data from a rock hyrax ( Procavia capensis ) middens northwestern Namibia that record series of rapid aridification events beginning at ca. 3800 cal yr BP, and which mark progressive decrease in regional humidity across the Holocene. Strong correlations exist between this other terrestrial marine archives southern Africa, indicating observed pattern climate change is regionally coherent. Combined, these indicate hemispheric synchrony...
A growing number of proxy, historical and instrumental data sets are now available from continental Africa through which past variations in temperature can be assessed. This paper, co-authored by members the PAGES Africa2k Working Group, synthesises published material to produce a record variability for as whole spanning last 2000 years. The paper focuses on during ‘Medieval Climate Anomaly’ (MCA), ‘Little Ice Age’ (LIA) late 19th–early 21st centuries. Warmer conditions MCA evident records...
Research Article| January 01, 2011 Late glacial interhemispheric climate dynamics revealed in South African hyrax middens Brian M. Chase; Chase * 1Department of Archaeology, History, Culture and Religion, University Bergen, Postbox 7805, 5020 Norway2Department Environmental Geographical Science, Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, Africa *Current address: Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution Montpellier, Département Paléoenvironnements et Paléoclimats (PAL), UMR 5554 Université...