A5013664458- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- interferon and immune responses
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Immunotoxicology and immune responses
Istituto Superiore di Sanità
2014-2024
Weatherford College
2015
Sapienza University of Rome
2011-2012
Emerging evidence points to an important role of autophagy in the immune response mediated by dendritic cells (DC) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Since current vaccination based on Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is unable stop epidemic, a deeper comprehension alterations induced Mtb DC essential for setting new vaccine strategies. Here, we compared capacity virulent (H37Rv) and avirulent (H37Ra) strains as well BCG modulate human primary DC. We found that H37Rv impairs at step...
Cancer cells subvert host immune surveillance by altering checkpoint (IC) proteins. Some Epstein−Barr virus (EBV)-associated tumors have higher Programmed Cell Death Ligand, PD-L1 expression. However, it is not known how EBV alters ICs in the context of its preferred host, B lymphocyte and derived lymphomas. Here, we found that latency III-expressing Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) or their EBNA2-transfected derivatives express high PD-L1. In a DLBCL model,...
Autophagy is a primordial eukaryotic pathway, which provides the immune system with multiple mechanisms for elimination of invading pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). As consequence, Mtb has evolved different strategies to hijack autophagy process. Given crucial role human primary dendritic cells (DC) in host immunity control, we characterized Mtb-DC interplay by studying contribution cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptional regulation related genes. From...
SARS-CoV-2 fine-tunes the interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral responses, which play a key role in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progression. Indeed, critically ill patients show an impaired type I IFN response accompanied by elevated inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels, responsible for cell tissue damage associated multi-organ failure. Here, early interaction between immune cells was investigated interrogating vitro human peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC)-based...
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne that infects upward of 300 million people annually and has the potential to cause fatal hemorrhagic fever shock. While parameters contributing dengue immunopathogenesis remain unclear, collapse redox homeostasis damage induced by oxidative stress have been correlated with development inflammation progression toward more severe forms disease. In present study, we demonstrate accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS) late after DENV infection (>24 hpi)...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression by targeting mRNAs and triggering either repression translation or RNA degradation. They have been shown to be involved in variety biological processes such as development, differentiation cell cycle control, but little is known about their involvement the response irradiation. We showed here human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) some miRNAs previously crucial role vascular biology are...
Background: B cells are key pathogenic effectors in multiple sclerosis (MS) and several therapies have been designed to restrain cell abnormalities by directly targeting this lymphocyte population. Objectives: Moving from our data showing a Toll-like receptor (TLR)7-driven dysregulation of response relapsing–remitting (RRMS) having found low serum level Thymosin-α1 (Tα1) patients, we investigated whether the addition molecule peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs) would influence expansion...
The opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major cause of nosocomial- and community-acquired infections. In addition, many antibiotic-resistant strains are emerging worldwide, thus, there an urgent unmet need to pinpoint novel therapeutic prophylactic strategies. the present study, we characterized impact infection with pandemic methicillin-resistant USA300 S. strain on human primary dendritic cells (DC), key initiators regulators immune responses. particular, among...
Modern strategies to develop vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) aim improve the current Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine or attenuate virulence of Mtb candidates. In present study, impact wild type mutated region difference 1 (RD1) variants on immunogenicity and BCG recombinants was investigated in human primary dendritic cells (DC). A comparative analysis transcriptome, signalling pathway activation, maturation, apoptosis, cytokine production capacity promote Th1...
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) glycoprotein have been exploited for treatment of severe COVID-19. In this study, we evaluated immune-regulatory features two neutralizing anti-S mAbs (nAbs), named J08 and F05, with wild-type (WT) conformation or silenced Fc functions. presence D614G SARS-CoV-2, WT nAbs enhance intracellular viral uptake in immune cells amplify antiviral type I Interferon inflammatory cytokine chemokine production without replication, promoting...
Objectives: Thymosin α 1 (Tα1) recently gained interest as immune adjuvant for vaccines because of its ability to modulate the T-cell/dendritic cell (DC) axis and improve antibody production. The objective this study was determine whether Tα1 would address in vitro response human primary monocyte-derived DC, crucial regulators vaccine-induced immunity, upon exposure different toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists or infection with viruses bacteria.
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 fine-tunes the interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral responses, which play a key role in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progression. Indeed, critically ill patients show an impaired type I IFN response accompanied by elevated inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels, responsible for cell tissue damage associated multi-organ failure. Here, early interaction between immune cells was investigated interrogating vitro human peripheral blood mononuclear...
Among the tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidates, SO2 is prototype of first live-attenuated that recently entered into clinical trials. To investigate capacity to stimulate an appropriate immune response in vitro within a human immunological context, comparative analysis effects promoted by SO2, current Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and Mycobacterium (Mtb) was conducted primary dendritic cells (DC), which are critical modulators vaccine-induced immunity.In particular, we found promotes...
In this pilot study, a multi-parametric analysis comparing immune responses in sera of adult healthy subjects (HS) or people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) undergoing the single simultaneous administration mRNA-based COVID-19 and cellular quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines was conducted. While SARS-CoV-2 antibodies remains comparable, antibody titers seroconversion were significantly higher upon vaccination. Magnitude anti-influenza humoral response closely correlated an early...
Understanding Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-host immune system interaction is crucial to meet the tremendous medical need associated with this life-threatening bacterial infection. Given role of dendritic cells (DC) in dictating responses upon microbial challenge, we investigated how viability and conservation structural integrity influence response human DC S. aureus. To end, primary were stimulated methicillin-resistant USA300 live strain, inactivated by heat (HI), ultraviolet...
The Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes different disease symptoms varying from asymptomatic infection to severe and meningitis suggesting a crucial role of the human host immune system in determining fate infection. There is need understand mechanisms underpinning TBEV-host interactions leading protective immunity. To this aim, we studied response peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) whole formaldehyde inactivated TBEV (I-TBEV), drug substance Encepur, one five commercially...
Dendritic cells (DCs) are important mediators of the induction and regulation adaptive immune responses following microbial infection inflammation. Sensing environmental danger signals including viruses, products, or inflammatory stimuli by DCs leads to rapid transition from a resting state an activated mature state. DC maturation involves enhanced capturing processing antigens for presentation major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I II, upregulation chemokines their receptors,...
Abstract Objectives The very rapidly approved mRNA‐based vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein, including Pfizer‐BioNTech BNT162b2, are effective in protecting from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) immunocompetent population. However, establishing the duration and identifying correlates of vaccine‐induced protection will be crucial to optimise future immunisation strategies. Here, we studied healthy vaccine recipients people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), undergoing...