Summary In addition to their essential role in plant development, brassinosteroids have the ability protect plants from various environmental stresses. Currently it is not understood how control stress responses at molecular level. We begun an investigation into mechanisms underlying 24‐epibrassinolide (EBR)‐mediated resistance. Earlier we found that treatment of Brassica napus seedlings with EBR leads a significant increase basic thermotolerance, and results higher accumulation four major...

Here we demonstrate that GmMYB176 regulates CHS8 expression and affects isoflavonoid synthesis in soybean. We previously established determines the level soybean seeds by comparing transcript profiles of cultivars with different contents. In present study, a functional genomic approach was used to identify factor synthesis. Candidate genes were cloned, co-transfection assays performed Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts. The results showed can trans-activate promoter maximum activity. Transient...

Isoflavonoids are specialized plant metabolites, almost exclusive to legumes, and their biosynthesis forms a branch of the diverse phenylpropanoid pathway. Plant metabolism may be coordinated at many levels, including formation protein complexes, or 'metabolons', which represent molecular level organization. Here, we have confirmed existence long-postulated isoflavonoid metabolon by identifying elements complex, subcellular localizations interactions. Isoflavone synthase (IFS) cinnamate...

Abstract We have used cDNA microarray analysis to examine changes in gene expression during embryo development soybean (Glycine max) and compare profiles of two cultivars that differ seed isoflavonoid content. The identified 5,910 genes were differentially expressed both grown at different locations for consecutive years one the five stages development. An ANOVA with P value < 0.05 0.01 indicated due environmental factors are greater than those cultivar differences. Most occurred when...

The relationship between asparagine metabolism and protein concentration was investigated in soybean seed. Phenotyping of a population recombinant inbred lines adapted to Illinois confirmed positive correlation free levels developing seeds at maturity. Analysis second Ontario associated the elevated trait with two four quantitative loci determining variation for concentration, including major one on chromosome 20 (linkage group I) which has been reported multiple populations. In seed coat,...

GmMYB176 is an R1 MYB transcription factor that regulates multiple genes in the isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathway, thereby affecting their levels soybean roots. While important for synthesis, it not sufficient function and requires additional cofactor(s). The aim of this study was to identify interactome regulation biosynthesis soybean. Here, we demonstrate a bZIP GmbZIP5 co-immunoprecipitates with shows protein-protein interaction planta. RNAi silencing reduced level hairy Furthermore,...

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) is the first key cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) enzyme in phenylpropanoid pathway. It belongs to CYP73 family of superfamily, and catalyzes conversion trans -cinnamic acid p -coumaric acid. Since serves as precursor for synthesis a wide variety metabolites involved plant development stress resistance, alteration expression soybean C4H genes expected affect downstream metabolite levels, its ability respond stress. In this study, we identified four genome...

Isoflavonoids are a diverse group of biologically active natural products that accumulate in soybean seeds during development. The majority isoflavonoids accumulated the form their glyco- and malonyl-conjugates seeds. conjugation step confers stability solubility to isoflavone aglycones enabling compartmentalization vacuoles or transport site accumulation. A functional genomic approach was used identify isoflavonoid specific glycosyltransferase (UGT) malonyltransferase (MT) from (Glycine...

Phytoalexin glyceollins are soybean-specific antimicrobial compounds that derived from the isoflavonoid pathway. They synthesized by soybean in response to extrinsic stress such as pathogen attack or injury, thereby conferring partial resistance if rapidly at site of infection and required concentration. Soybean produces multiple forms result differential prenylation reaction catalyzed prenyltransferases (PTs) on either C-2 C-4 carbon a pterocarpan glycinol. The genome contains 77...

Isoflavonoids are legume-specific natural plant compounds that play important functions in nitrogen fixation as well biotic and abiotic stress responses. Many clinical studies have suggested a role for isoflavonoids human health nutrition. We recently identified an R1 MYB transcription factor GmMYB176 regulates CHS8 gene expression isoflavonoid biosynthesis. Here we demonstrate binding of 14-3-3 proteins to modulates this function. interacts with all 16 (SGF14s) soybean (Glycine max) varying...

Plants are an attractive host system for pharmaceutical protein production. Many therapeutic proteins have been produced and scaled up in plants at a low cost compared to the conventional microbial animal-based systems. The main technical challenge during this process is produce sufficient levels of recombinant plants. Low yield generally caused by proteolytic degradation expression downstream processing proteins. human interleukin (IL)-10 transgenic tobacco leaves was found be below...

Cyclophilins (CYPs) belong to the immunophilin superfamily, and have peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity. PPIase catalyzes cis- trans-rotamer interconversion of amide bond peptides, a rate-limiting step in protein folding. Studies demonstrated importance many PPIases plant biology, but no genome-wide analysis CYP gene family has been conducted for legume species.Here we performed comprehensive database survey identified total 62 genes, located on 18 different chromosomes...

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450) participate in the catalytic conversion of biological compounds a plethora metabolic pathways, such as biosynthesis alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and hormones plants. Plants utilize these metabolites for growth defense against biotic abiotic stress. In this study, we identified 346 (GmP450) enzymes encoded by 317 genes soybean where 26 GmP450 produced splice variants. The genome-wide comparison both A-type non-A-type GmP450s their motifs...

Many market classes of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) have a significant reduction in crop value due to the postharvest darkening seed coat. Seed coat is caused by an elevated accumulation and oxidation proanthocyanidins (PAs). In bean, major color gene P encodes for bHLH protein with its Psd allele controlling slow trait. present investigation, we determined that P, PvMYB3A, PvWD9 are essential components form complex regulate PA biosynthesis pinto beans. does not bind biosynthetic...

Isoflavonoids are a group of plant natural compounds synthesized almost exclusively by legumes, and abundant in soybean seeds roots. They play important roles plant-microbial interactions the induction nod gene expression Rhizobia that form nitrogen-fixing nodules on also contribute to positive health effects associated with consumption humans animals. An R1 MYB transcription factor GmMYB176 regulates isoflavonoid biosynthesis activating chalcone synthase (CHS) 8 soybean. Using combination...

Abstract Type I Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step of biosynthesis process triacylglycerol (TAG), major storage lipids in plant seeds, through esterification diacylglycerol (DAG). To characterize function DGAT1 genes on accumulation oil and other seed composition traits soybean, transgenic lines were generated via trans-acting siRNA technology, which three (Glyma.13G106100, Glyma.09G065300, Glyma.17G053300) downregulated. The simultaneous downregulation isoforms...

Soybean ( Glycine max ) produces a class of phenylalanine (Phe) derived specialized metabolites, isoflavonoids. Isoflavonoids are unique to legumes and involved in defense responses planta , they also necessary for nodule formation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Since Phe is precursor isoflavonoids, it stands reason that the synthesis coordinated isoflavonoid production. Two putative AROGENATE DEHYDRATASE (ADT) isoforms were previously co-purified soybean metabolon anchor ISOFLAVONE...