The functionality of ion gels can be enhanced by incorporating different types redox-active species. Here, we have expanded the composed polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-polystyrene and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide to include electrochromism adding an electrochromic (EC) redox molecule, methyl viologen. Ferrocene was also added EC gel as anodic inserted between two indium–tin oxide-coated glass slides (or plastic sheets) make a simple...

Ion gels composed of a copolymer and room temperature ionic liquid are versatile solid-state electrolytes with excellent features including high conductivity, nonvolatility, easily tunable mechanical properties, good flexibility solution processability. can be functionalized by incorporating redox-active species such as electrochemiluminescent (ECL) luminophores or electrochromic (EC) dyes. Here, we enhance the functionality EC for realizing multicolored devices (ECDs), either controlling...

Ion gels comprising ABA triblock copolymers and ionic liquids have received much attention as functional materials in numerous applications, especially gate dielectrics organic transistors. Here we expanded the functionality of ion by demonstrating low-voltage, flexible electrochemiluminescent (ECL) devices using patterned containing redox-active luminophores. The ECL consisted only a 30 μm thick emissive gel two electrodes were fabricated on indium tin oxide-coated substrates (e.g.,...

Abstract The primary technology of next‐generation wearable electronics pursues the development highly deformable and stable systems. Here, nonvolatile, transparent, ultrastretchable ionic conductors based on polymeric gelators [poly(methyl methacrylate‐ ran ‐butyl acrylate), PMMA‐ r ‐PBA] liquids (IL) are proposed. A crucial strategy in molecular design polymer is copolymerization PMMA IL‐insoluble low glass transition temperature ( T g ) polymers that can be deformed effectively dissipate...

Voltage-tunable multicolor electrochromic devices (ECDs) are fabricated based on flexible ion gels consisting of copolymers and ionic liquids as an electrolyte layer. Dimethyl ferrocene (dmFc) is incorporated into the gel, which serves anodic species. In this study, two (EC) materials, monoheptyl viologen (MHV+) diheptyl (DHV2+), employed show significantly different EC behavior despite similar chemical structure. Both MHV+- DHV2+-containing ECDs slightly yellowish in bleached state, whereas...

Herein, high-performance, reliable electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSs) are proposed based on tungsten trioxide (WO3) and nickel oxide (NiO) films. To maximize device performance stability, the stoichiometric balance between anode cathode materials is controlled by carefully adjusting thickness of anodic NiO film while fixing WO3 to ∼660 nm. Then, a small amount (≤10 mol %) metal (e.g., copper) doped into film, improving electrical conductivity electrochemical activity. At Cu doping level 7...

Abstract Mesoporous metal oxides consisting of fully interconnected network structures with small pores (20–50 nm) have high surface areas and decreased ion intercalation distances, making them ideal for use in high-performance electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSs). Evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA), which combines sol–gel chemistry molecular self-assembly, is a powerful method the fabrication mesoporous through solution phase synthesis. Herein, we introduce ultrafast sub-1 s ECSs...

Dual-function electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSs) that indicate their real-time charge capacity in color are fabricated using tungsten trioxide (WO3) and Li-doped ion gels containing hydroquinone (HQ). The ECSs can simultaneously serve as either devices or supercapacitors. coloration/bleaching charging/discharging characteristics investigated between 0 -1.5 V. At the optimal HQ concentration, large transmittance contrast (∼91%), high coloration efficiency (∼61.9 cm2/C), areal capacitance...

Abstract Mechanically robust, highly ionic conductive gels based on a random copolymer of poly[styrene ‐ran‐ 1‐(4‐vinylbenzyl)‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate] (P[S ‐r‐ VBMI][PF 6 ]) and the liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMI][TFSI]) are successfully prepared. The with either homo P[VBMI][PF ] or conventional PS‐ block ‐poly(methyl methacrylate)‐ ‐PS (SMS) show significant trade‐off between conductivity mechanical resilience. In contrast, P[S...

Personal accessories such as glasses and watches that we usually carry in our daily life can yield useful information from the human body, yet most of them are limited to exercise-related parameters or simple heart rates. Since these restricted characteristics might arise interfaces between body items one main reasons, an interface design considering a factor provide us with biologically meaningful data. Here, describe three-dimensional-printed, personalized, multifunctional electronic...

The development of elastic ionic conductors offers opportunities to fabricate key wearable components such as ionoskins that can perceive mechanical deformation. However, there is still plenty room overcome the trade-off between sensitivity and detectable range previous systems impart additional functionality. Here, we propose porous ion gels for high-performance, functional sensory platforms. be effectively deformed by closing pores even with a small pressure, large change in contact area...

Ion gels consisting of room-temperature ionic liquids and polymer gelators are considered attractive solid-state electrolyte platforms for functional electrochemical applications due to their tunable electrochemical/mechanical properties, nonvolatility even in a vacuum, compatibility with various solution processes. Accordingly, number studies have been reported on improving the functionality ion use diverse applications. In this Perspective, we highlight recent representative advances...

Implementing self-healing capabilities in a deformable platform is one of the critical challenges for achieving future wearable electronics with high durability and reliability. Conventional systems are mostly based on polymeric materials, so their usually proceeds at elevated temperatures to promote chain flexibility reduce healing time. Here, we propose an ion-cluster-driven self-healable ionoconductor composed rationally designed copolymers ionic liquids. After complete cleavage, can be...

Abstract Heat generated from various sources is inevitably wasted. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are suitable for recovering such waste heat because of their simple structure and operating principle. Herein, a zwitterionic (ZI) polymer‐based fully self‐healable ionic TEG presented. By adjusting the position positive negative moieties ZI side chain, movement free ions contained in ionogel can be controlled effectively, thus improving power factor TEGs. chains inside provide multiple...

Numerous conjugated polymer-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) have been developed, but the correlation between electronic properties of polymers (ECPs) and their EC performance, especially response speeds, has rarely explored. In this work, we propose two new dithienopyran-based ECPs containing different heteroatoms with distinct characteristics to elucidate effect structure on performance. When electron-donating alkoxy groups are fused into (P(DT-P)), highest occupied molecular orbital...

Mesoporous metal oxides exhibit excellent physicochemical properties and are widely used in various fields, including energy storage/conversion, catalysis, sensors. Although several soft-template approaches reported, high-temperature calcination for both oxide formation template removal is necessary, which limits direct synthesis on a plastic substrate flexible devices. Here, universal synthetic approach that combines thermal activation oxygen plasma to synthesize diverse mesoporous (V

Low-voltage tungsten trioxide (WO₃)-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) are successfully demonstrated.

Abstract Energy‐storing functional photovoltaics, which can simultaneously harvest and store solar energy, are proposed as promising next‐generation multifunction energy systems. For the extension of conventional organic photovoltaics (OPVs), electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSs) monolithically integrated with semitransparent (ST) quaternary blend‐based OPVs (ST Q‐OPVs) to achieve compact, energy‐efficient storage great aesthetic appeal. In particular, ST Q‐OPVs low‐power‐consumption ECSs...

In this study, we propose low power consumption, all-in-one type electrochromic devices (ECDs) for effective heat shutters. Considering diffusion-controlled device operation, polymeric viologens (poly-viologens) are synthesized to lower the diffusivity of EC chromophores and minimize self-bleaching. comparison with based on mono-viologens corresponding monomer poly-viologens, poly-viologen-containing ECDs exhibit advantages coloration voltage (ca, −0.55 V) higher coloration/bleaching cyclic...

Flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs) based on Li-doped ion gels and tungsten trioxide (WO3) are demonstrated. Colored ECDs cannot be produced using conventional comprised of copolymers room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) due to a lack cations that can inserted into WO3. Based considerations the coloration mechanism, we developed applied these devices. The effects Li salt concentration systematically examined, with respect device dynamics, efficiency, transmittance contrast. In addition,...

In this study, low-voltage, printed, ion gel-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) were successfully fabricated. While conventional dispensing printing provides irregularly printed (EC) gels, we improved the adhesion between gel and substrate by applying an external voltage. This is called electrostatic-force-assisted printing. As a result, obtained well-defined, EC gels on substrates such as indium tin oxide-coated glass. We fabricated ECD simply sandwiching two transparent electrodes. The...

Transparent displays have emerged as a class of cutting-edge electronics. Here, we propose user-customized, design-it-yourself (DIY) transparent based on electrochromic (EC) ion gels including viologens. To achieve multiple colors and enhance the functionality EC (ECDs), incorporation several chromophores is inevitable. However, issue related to discrepancy coloration voltages inherent due different electrochemical characteristics each material, causing unbalance color contrast. overcome...