A5102882075- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Space exploration and regulation
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
National Space Science Center
2018-2025
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2016-2025
National Astronomical Observatories
2010-2023
Onsite radar shows what lies beneath In more active periods of the Moon's history, volcanic eruptions created lava plains that formed layers dark basalt. Without subsurface probing, we can only examine most recent flows. After soft landing Chang'E-3 spacecraft, Xiao et al. made penetrating measurements lunar crust with Yutu rover. Several suggest multiple geologic processes at play throughout crustal including flows and weathering-induced creation dust rocky debris. Science , this issue p. 1226
This paper describes the scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China's first exploration mission to Mars. An orbiter, carrying a lander rover, lifted-off in July 2020 for journey Mars where it should arrive February 2021. A suite 13 payloads, in-situ remote sensing, autonomously commanded by integrated payload controllers mounted on orbiter rover will study magnetosphere ionosphere relation with solar wind, atmosphere, surface subsurface planet, looking at topography, composition...
Significance After the Apollo and Luna missions, which were flown about 40 years ago, Moon was explored only from orbit. In addition, no samples returned young high-FeO TiO 2 mare basalt in northern Imbrium basin. Such are important to understand formation evolution of Procellarum KREEP [potassium (K), rare earth elements (REE), phosphorus (P)] terrain, a key terrain highly enriched radioactive nuclides. The Chang’e-3 mission carried out first situ analyses chemical mineral compositions...
Abstract China’s first Mars exploration mission (HuoXing-1) has been named as ‘Tianwen-1’ meaning Heaven Inquiry. Tianwen-1 was launched on July 23, 2020. In this paper, the scientific objectives of earlier and current missions worldwide are reviewed, objectives, payloads preliminary investigation plan introduced, expected achievements analyzed.
The Mars' climate is cold and dry in the most recent epoch, liquid water activities are considered extremely limited. Previous orbital data only show sporadic hydrous minerals northern lowlands of Mars excavated by large impacts. Using short-wave infrared spectral obtained Zhurong rover China's Tianwen-1 mission, which landed southern Utopia Planitia on Mars, we identify hydrated sulfate/silica materials Amazonian terrain at landing site. These associated with bright-toned rocks, interpreted...
We report analysis results of the reflectance spectra (0.48 to 3.2 μm) acquired by Chang’E-5 lander, which provides vital context returned samples from Northern Oceanus Procellarum Moon. estimate up 120 parts per million (ppm) water (OH + H2O) in lunar regolith, is mostly attributed solar wind implantation. A light-colored and surface-pitted rock (named as CE5-Rock) evident near lander. The suggest that CE5-Rock could be transported an older basalt unit. exhibits a stronger absorption, 2.85...
Abstract Mars’ magnetic field has been measured at large scale by orbiting spacecraft and very small via Martian meteorites. Here we report on a ground survey metre to kilometre scales. The Zhurong rover made vector measurements 16 sites along 1,089 m track in the Utopia Basin Mars. It recorded an extremely weak field, with order of average intensity less than that inferred from orbit, contrast Elysium Planitia InSight. A measurement samples area radius comparable its altitude, while depth...
Abstract In photometric modeling, disk function plays a crucial role in describing scattering behaviors related to the local incidence and emission angles of an observed surface. Finding proper is important for normalizing spectra under different observing geometries. This study evaluates performances five functions, including Lommel‐Seeliger function, functions proposed by Minnaert, McEwen, Akimov, using bidirectional reflectance distribution (BRDF) data lunar‐type minerals Apollo lunar...
On 13 December 2012, Chang'e-2 conducted a successful flyby of the near-Earth asteroid 4179 Toutatis at closest distance 770 ± 120 meters from asteroid's surface. The highest-resolution image, with resolution better than 3 meters, reveals new discoveries on asteroid, e.g., giant basin big end, sharply perpendicular silhouette near neck region, and direct evidence boulders regolith, which suggests that may bear rubble-pile structure. Toutatis' maximum physical length width are (4.75 × 1.95...
Abstract Chang’E-4 landed in the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin, providing a unique chance to probe composition of lunar interior. Its landing site is located on ejecta strips Von Kármán crater that possibly originate from neighboring Finsen crater. A surface rock and regolith at 10 sites along rover Yutu-2 track were measured by onboard Visible Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer first three days mission operations. In situ spectra have peak band positions 1 2 μm, similar spectral data Moon...
Remote sensing data revealed that the presence of water (OH/H2O) on Moon is latitude-dependent and probably time-of-day variation, suggesting a solar wind (SW)-originated with high degassing loss rate lunar surface. However, it unknown whether or not SW-derived in soil grains can be preserved beneath We report ion microprobe analyses hydrogen abundances, deuterium/hydrogen ratios returned by Chang'e-5 mission from higher latitude than previous missions. Most grain rims (topmost ~100 nm) show...
We report accelerated particles observed by Solar Wind Ion Detectors (SWIDs) on Chang'E‐1 spacecraft close to terminator regions of the Moon. As crosses terminator, a stream ions with energy ∼200eV/q are detected. moves anti‐subsolar point Moon, these increase 600 ∼ 1500eV. This phenomenon occurs at north/south pole when IMF B y component is dominant and negative/positive. It proposed scattered solar wind protons, convection electric field E × drift in ambipolar flank lunar wake. mechanism...
As the only natural satellite of Earth, Moon is first target for human space exploration, due to its unique location, highly characteristic environmental resources and abundant material resources. The Earth-Moon system proving ground exploration solar system, a transit point towards farther deep space. Lunar science plays an important role in promoting development science. utilization lunar great significance sustainable mankind. In recent years, China’s has achieved remarkable achievements....