We present a new method for increasing the resolution of direct femtosecond laser writing by multiphoton polymerization, based on quencher diffusion. This relies combination mobile quenching molecule with slow scanning speed, allowing diffusion in scanned area and depletion multiphoton-generated radicals. The material we use is an organic–inorganic hybrid, while photopolymerizable amine-based monomer which bound polymer backbone upon fabrication structures. this to fabricate woodpile...

The femtosecond laser-induced multi-photon polymerization of a zirconium–silicon based sol–gel photopolymer was employed for the fabrication series micro-optical elements with single and combined optical functions: convex Fresnel lenses, gratings, solid immersion lenses on glass slide tip an fiber. microlenses were produced as polymer caps varying radii from 10 to 90  µm. matching refractive indices between substrate exploited creation composite glass-resist structures which functioned...

The fabrication of fully three-dimensional photonic crystals with a bandgap at optical wavelengths is demonstrated by way direct femtosecond laser writing an organic-inorganic hybrid material metal-binding moieties, and selective silver coating using electroless plating. have 600-nm intralayer periodicity sub-100 nm features, they exhibit well-defined diffraction patterns.

We experimentally demonstrate full two-dimensional focalization of light beams at visible frequencies by a three-dimensional woodpile photonic crystal. The (the flat lensing) with focal distances the order 50-70 μm is demonstrated. Experimental results are compared numerical calculations and interpreted harmonic expansion studies.

Light-initiated quasi-instant solidification of a liquid polymer is attractive for its ultra-precise spatial and temporal control the photochemical reaction. In this paper we present microlenses structured by femtosecond laser-induced photopolymerization. Due to nonlinear phenomena fabrication resolution not restricted diffraction limit applied laser excitation wavelength but determined intensity focused beam. Furthermore, pin-point structuring enables one produce three-dimensional...

Femtosecond Laser Induced Polymerization is an attractive direct writing technique for rapid three-dimensional (3D) micro and nanofabrication in diverse applications.Recently, it has been successfully applied 3D scaffold fabrication required biomedicine applications.However, there are still a lot of investigations to be done before can used practical applications tissue engineering or regenerative medicine.In this work, experimental results on production artificial polymeric scaffolds stem...

Femtosecond Laser Two-Photon Polymerization (LTPP) is a fabrication technique based on ultra-localized polymerization reaction initiated by nonlinear absorption of tightly focused light beam.It offers possibility to form three-dimensional (3D) micro-and nanostructures out photopolymers.The point-by-point photostructuring allows objects directly from Computer Aided Design (CAD) models and thereby the geometry required structure can be changed flexibly.The smallest structural elements, also...

In this report we present micro/nanostructuring of novel metal isopropoxides-silica containing hybrid sol-gel materials by the femtosecond laser direct writing technique and apply it for fabrication various microoptical/nanophotonic components. This approach enables one to photostructure true three-dimensional objects with controlled sub-100 nm spatial definition. Due self-smoothing effects, surface roughness can be formed below 30 making widely applicable microoptical/nanophotonics devices...

We show, theoretically and experimentally, that chirped photonic crystals (where the longitudinal modulation period varies along propagation direction) can provide a substantial spatial (angular) filtering of light beams. The crystals, in gapless configuration, were recorded bulk glass, where refraction index has been periodically modulated using tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses. performance studied detail, efficiencies up to approximately 50$%$ have experimentally demonstrated.

The microchip lasers, being very compact and efficient sources of coherent light, suffer from one serious drawback: low spatial quality the beam strongly reducing brightness emitted radiation. Attempts to improve quality, such as pump-beam guiding, external feedback, either reduce emission power, or drastically increase size complexity lasers. Here it is proposed that specially designed photonic crystal in cavity a laser, can significantly quality. Experiments show due filtering...

Abstract Femtosecond laser based 3D nanolithography is a powerful tool for fabricating various functional micro- and nano-objects. In this work we present several advances needed to push it from the laboratory level use industrial production lines. First, linear stage galvo-scanners synchronization employed produce stitch-free mm-sized structures. Furthermore, shown that by varying objective numerical apertures (NA) 1.4 NA 0.45 NA, voxel size can be tuned in range sub μ m tens of mm,...

Laser two-photon polymerization (LTPP) has been widely reported as a tool for three-dimensional micro/nanofabrication.Femtosecond lasers are employed to form nanostructures in photosensitive resins with subwavelength resolution.We demonstrate high throughput large scanning area LTPP system based on linear motor driven stages combined Yb:KGW repetition rate (312.5 kHz) amplified laser irradiation source (515 nm second harmonic's wavelength).Femtosecond green light can be focused smaller...

Abstract The ever-growing trend of device multifunctionality and miniaturization puts enormous burden on existing manufacturing technologies. requirements for precision, throughput, cost become increasingly harder to achieve with minimal room compromises. Femtosecond lasers, which saw immense development throughout the last few decades, have been proven time again be a superb tool capable standing up challenges posed by modern science industry ultrahigh-precision material processing. Thus,...

Two-photon polymerization has emerged as a technology for rapid fabrication of three-dimensional micro-structures with nanoscale resolution. Commonly, Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser (operating at 780-800 nm wavelength) working MHz pulse repetition rate is applied an irradiation source to photomodify the resin. We present system pinpoint two-photon which utilizes second harmonic (515 nm) amplified Yb:KGW 312.5 kHz rate. Shorter wavelength enables one focus beam smaller spot. High and high...

Laser Two-Photon Polymerization (LTPP) is a technique enabling formation of 3D nanostructures in photosensitive resins with sub-wavelength resolution and unmatched flexibility.However, controllable fabrication sub-100 nm features by this still challenge.Self-polymerization, also known as non-local polymerization, considered to be promising ultra-high structure formation.Recent observation fragile self-polymerized fibres diameter within tens nanometres (nano-fibres) encourages the use...

We propose and show experimentally axisymmetric spatial (angular) filtering of two-dimensional light beams by photonic microstructures. Such three-dimensional microstructures (similar to crystals), in gapless configuration, were recorded bulk glass, where the refractive index has been point-by-point modulated using tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses. Axisymmetric angular approximately 25 mrad is demonstrated experimentally.

Broad aperture semiconductor lasers usually suffer from low spatial quality of the emitted beams. Due to highly compact character such lasers, use conventional intracavity filters is problematic. We demonstrate that extremely photonic crystal filters, incorporated into a laser resonator, can improve beam and, correspondingly, increase brightness radiation. report decrease in M2 value 47 down 28 due filtering and by factor 1.5, giving proof principle broad area lasers.

We propose and experimentally show the mechanism of beam super-collimation by axisymmetric photonic crystals, specifically periodic (in propagation direction) structure layers concentric rings. The physical behind effect is an inverse scattering cascade diffracted wave components back into on- near-axis angular field components, resulting in substantial enhancement intensity these components. explore numerical calculations prove it experimentally. demonstrate axial up to 7 times terms intensity.

Optical aberrations are a type of optical defect imaging systems that hinder femtosecond direct laser write machining by changing voxel size and aspect ratio in different sample depths. We present an approach compensating such using liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM). Two methods for correcting explored. They based on backward ray tracing Zernike polynomials. Experiments with long focal distance lens (F = 25 50 mm) microscope objective (100x, 0.9 NA) have been conducted....

We present a straightforward method to dynamically tune the voxel size in multiphoton polymerization technique by changing incident laser beam diameter with motorized expander. In such manner, underfilling of objective aperture leads an effective numerical drop. Therefore, could be expanded lateral and axial directions without objective. Here, we theoretical simulation analysis light intensity distribution for different conditions, as well measured experimental results feature sizes high The...