An innovative approach to this research is evaluate the effects of different concentrations biodiesel with premixed ammonia energy in a dual-fuel combustion engine and determine best operating conditions for optimal responses. Experimental results 40% premixing fraction direct injection blend 30% (40%AEPF + B30) at 80% load improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 8.42% while reducing specific consumption (BSEC) 13.28%. It also reduces hydrocarbon (HC) emission 16.8%, carbon monoxide (CO)...

The primary heat source from the sunlight is solar energy, which used in photovoltaic panels, power plates, streetlights, and solar-based hybrid nanocomposites. A nanofluid traversing an expanding sheet this investigation. Maxwell fluid stream with two nanoparticles going towards a trough parabolic form situated within aircraft wing to investigate phenomena of transfer rate. term thermal radiation was introduced describe occurrence. effectiveness transmission airplane wings assessed by...

Employing carbon-neutral (NH3) and low carbon footprint (biodiesel) fuels in Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) engine mode is one possible method for minimizing emissions diesel engines. In this study, a (CI) was customized to run RCCI mode, employing High Reactive Fuel (HRF) as biodiesel Low (LRF) ammonia (NH3). Based on our earlier findings, the proportion of premixing fixed at 40 %. first phase, primary injection timing algal varied between 12 21°CA bTDC preset...

In this paper, a model for optimizing energy production oil sands operations is presented. The objective of the to minimize total annual cost supplying industry, subject CO 2 emissions constraints. supplied in form power, hydrogen, steam, hot water, diesel, and process fuel. model, which named optimization (EOM), conceived as an analytical planning tool industry government sectors. EOM determines optimal combinations power hydrogen plants that satisfy given demands operations, at minimal...

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone and also referred to an unpiloted Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), it is aircraft without human pilot aboard. The present work carried out obtain concept design of large UAV fuselage yield shape material distribution for determined loads constraints within space. project develop micro whose largest dimension no more than 15 centimeters (6 inches), would carry day-night image...

Abstract The particle collection performance of the square and cylindrical type cyclone separator is reviewed for study. fabricated setup designed processed by Solid works TIG welding respectively. geometrical variations observed in structure sequentially arranged parallel condition Square-Cylinder- Square-Cylinder arrangement. significant rise pressure drop with study efficiency. carried out larger scale conclusive segments aid variable frequency diaphragm. speed controlling device which...

The spread of infectious diseases across the globe as a result numerous bacterial and fungal variations has become serious threat to human life. A critical global situation is need search for antibiotic resistance develop new treatments. most crucial role academics advise pharmaceutical industry about substances with antimicrobial assessments. One challenges in implementing novel medicine delivery discovery compounds having antibacterial antifungal characteristics against Gram-positive...

This paper talks about the optimal design outline and examination of a NASA X-43. The X-43 was an unmanned test hypersonic air vehicle with numerous arranged scale varieties intended to different parts hypersonic. Investigation is shown in relentless state 3D computational liquid components (CFD) at Mach 4.5 9.0. In this method for examination, Lift, Drag, Lift Coefficient (Cl) Drag (Cd) are measured taken gander isolated numbers, Pressure structures speed shapes plotted Turbulence zone...

Carbon Fiber is a polymer and once in while known as graphite fiber. It an exceptionally solid material that additionally extremely lightweight. fiber five-times more grounded than steel twice solid. Despite the fact carbon stiffer steel, it lighter steel; making perfect assembling for some parts. These are only couple of reasons why supported by architects planners assembling. made thin, crystalline fibers utilized to fortify material. can be slender strand human hair gets its quality when...

Abstract Accurate closed form solution to predict the dynamic stability behavior of simply supported (SS) beam on elastic foundation, subjected an end axial periodic load, has been derived using simple single term trigonometric function which satisfies geometric boundary conditions. The effect higher transition foundation regions is studied. energy method used in present work evaluate boundaries. Euler - Bernoulli theory for analysis. Numerical results are presented proper non-dimensional...

Composite structures are used in many part of aerospace for their unique characteristics and properties. This composite design fabricated to protect payloads from severe aerodynamic loading heating during performance. Carbon-epoxy is internal layer because its structural properties whereas Carbon-phenolic (C–Ph) composites well meet the requirements thermal protection system. In this review paper, behavior system under aero-thermal load re-entry at hypersonic speed through earth atmosphere...

Carbon-phenolic composites are meant for heat protection of the aerospace structures like aircraft skins, nozzles and shields during aerodynamics loading conditions. Phenolic resin matrix used as ablative liners to resist thermal erosive environment. The manufacturing process Carbon phenolic composite structure require curing. During curing components, methylol-phenol water evolved by-products due condensation polymerization either in presence heat/hardeners. In order obtain void free...

The tendency of the metal to regain its original shape will result in spring back when it is being formed make aircraft components like outer body panels and brackets.When occurs, not meet requirements design there be a need for shims fit component into place.This lead increase weight, fabrication cost also assembly line time.So Finite-Element Analysis (FEA) used accurately predict this deflection so that manufacturing processes can optimized produce perfect output with least deviations from...

The applications of micro-class aircraft is increasing day by and all industrial community which depending on mobility surveillance are accepting this type aircrafts. main objective work to design fabricate an that capable carry the highest payload fraction possible with lowest empty weight industries required today. Bobble Cross Section Fuselage Micro-Class Aircraft carriers more pay load maximum lift, minimum airplane drag.