A5084028307- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
- Water Treatment and Disinfection
- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Agriculture, Water, and Health
- Water Systems and Optimization
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
University of California, Berkeley
2023-2025
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research
2008-2024
Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission
2018
Fecal indicator organisms are measured to indicate the presence of fecal pollution, yet association between indicators and pathogens varies by context. The goal this study was empirically evaluate relationships Escherichia coli, microbial source tracking markers, select enteric pathogen genes, potential sources in 600 rural Bangladeshi households. We genes stored drinking water, soil, on mother child hands. Additionally, survey observational data sanitation domestic hygiene practices were...
One of the primary reasons for hesitancy in taking COVID-19 vaccines is fear side effects. This study primarily aimed to inspect potential effects circulated Bangladesh.Design and Settings.The was based on a cross-sectional anonymous online survey conducted December 2021 across Bangladesh.Participants.The included consenting Bangladeshi individuals aged 12 above who had received at least one dose vaccines.Main Outcome.Analyses were carried out through exploratory analysis, Chi-square test,...
Background Young children frequently defecate in the living environment low-income countries. Unsafe child feces disposal has been associated with risk of diarrhea. Additionally, reported practices can underestimate socially undesirable unhygienic behaviors. This analysis aimed to assess (1) sensitivity as an indicator for observed presence human domestic environment, (2) household characteristics unsafe and (3) whether is fly diarrhea among <3 years. Methods We recorded caregiver-reported...
Diarrheal illnesses from enteric pathogens are a leading cause of death in children under five low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Sanitation is one way to reduce the spread environment; however, few studies have investigated effectiveness sanitation rural LMICs reducing environment. In this study, we measured impact intervention (dual-pit latrines, sani-scoops, child potties delivered as part randomized control trial, WASH Benefits) Bangladeshi household compounds by assessing...
Weather extremes are predicted to influence pathogen exposure but their effects on specific faecal-oral transmission pathways not well investigated. We evaluated associations between extreme rain and temperature during different antecedent periods (0-14 days) Escherichia coli along eight in rural Bangladeshi households. used data from the WASH Benefits Bangladesh cluster-randomised controlled trial (NCT01590095). E was enumerated hand rinses children younger than 5 years mothers, food,...
Abstract Background A previous cluster-randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh found that individual or combined water, handwashing, sanitation, and nutrition interventions during pregnancy after birth improved developmental outcomes of children at 1 2 years age. We aimed to determine if these intervention effects were sustained school-age. Methods Findings Pregnant women enrolled between May 2012 July 2013 randomized into chlorinated drinking water (W); sanitation (S); handwashing with...
Quantifying the contribution of individual exposure pathways to a child's total ingestion fecal matter could help prioritize interventions reduce environmental enteropathy and diarrhea. This study used data on contamination drinking water, food, soil, hands, objects second-by-second children's contacts with these reservoirs in rural Bangladesh assess relative different indicator bacteria if decreased sanitation, hygiene implemented WASH Benefits Trial. Our model estimated that Bangladeshi...
Acute respiratory infections cause mortality in young children. We assessed the effects of water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH) and nutritional interventions on childhood ARI. Geographic clusters pregnant women from rural Bangladesh were randomly assigned to receive 1) chlorinated drinking water safe storage (W); 2) upgraded sanitation (S); 3) handwashing promotion (H); 4) combined (WSH); 5) nutrition intervention including lipid-based nutrient supplements; 6) WSH plus (WSHN); or 7) no...
Household-level sanitation interventions have had limited effects on child health or environmental contamination, potentially due to low community coverage. Higher community-level coverage with safely managed can reduce opportunities for disease transmission.
Background Diarrhea and acute respiratory infection (ARI) are leading causes of death in children. The WASH Benefits Bangladesh trial implemented a multicomponent sanitation intervention that led to 39% reduction the prevalence diarrhea among children 25% for ARI, measured 1 2 years after implementation. We longer-term effects on these outcomes between 3.5 implementation, including periods with differing intensity behavioral promotion. Methods findings was cluster-randomized controlled...
Child open defecation is common in low-income countries and can lead to fecal exposure the domestic environment. We assessed associations between child feces management practices vs. measures of contamination diarrhea among households with children <5 years rural Bangladesh. visited 360 quarterly recorded caregiver-reported prevalence, disposal for years. examined caregiver hands visible dirt enumerated E. coli hand rinse stored drinking water samples. Safe (in latrine/potty) safe latrine)...
Household latrine access generally is not associated with reduced fecal contamination in the environment, but its long-term effectiveness has been measured. We conducted an environmental assessment nested within WASH Benefits Bangladesh randomized controlled trial (NCT01590095). quantified
Abstract Background The WASH benefits Bangladesh trial multi-component sanitation intervention reduced diarrheal disease among children < 5 years. Intervention components included latrine upgrades, child feces management tools, and behavioral promotion. It remains unclear which most impacted diarrhea. Methods We conducted mediation analysis within a subset of households (n = 720) from the control arms. Potential mediators were categorized into indicators quality, use practices, practices....
Enhanced water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions can significantly reduce the incidence of communicable diseases deaths related to diarrhea by up 65%. The US Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) advocates regular handwashing with soap water at least 20 seconds as an effective measure mitigate spread COVID-19. This study aims assess rural Bangladeshi households' perceptions knowledge concerning COVID-19 pandemic, well their understanding, attitudes, practices regarding...
Improved sanitation has been hypothesized to reduce soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections by reducing the prevalence and concentration of STH eggs/larvae in soil. We evaluated effect a randomized program (providing households with an improved dual-pit latrine, tools for child/animal feces management, behavioral messaging) on eggs soil from household courtyards. collected samples 1405 enrolled intervention (n = 419) control 914) groups cluster-randomized controlled trial (WASH Benefits)...
Sanitation interventions typically result in modest increases latrine access, and any gains access use are often not sustained over time. programs also rarely include child-focused such as potties. We aimed to assess the effect of a multi-component sanitation intervention on latrines child feces management tools rural Bangladesh.
Intermittently operated distribution systems serve over one billion people and may be impacted by the intrusion of contaminated waters carrying disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors. The impact on formation 19 DBPs was evaluated in an intermittent water system supplied deep aquifers Dhaka, Bangladesh. Untreated piped samples were collected from residential taps chlorinated under controlled conditions. Chloride, dissolved organic carbon, artificial sweetener sucralose measured as indicators...
Abstract Introduction One of the primary reasons for hesitancy in taking COVID-19 vaccines is fear side effects. This study primarily aims to inspect potential effects circulated Bangladesh. Methods The was a cross-sectional anonymous online survey conducted across Data were collected from December 2 26, 2021. included consenting (informed) Bangladeshi individuals aged 12 and above who had received at least one dose vaccines. Analyses carried out through exploratory analysis, Chi-square...
Water, sanitation, and handwashing interventions that use intensive interpersonal communication improve targeted behaviors, but are expensive at scale. Mass media is an alternative could reach more people lower cost has rarely been rigorously evaluated. We assessed the effectiveness of a mass campaign in improving knowledge practices rural Bangladesh. conducted cross-sectional assessment before among 8,947 households again after 4 months 8,400 different same areas. Trained enumerators spot...
Objective: One of the primary reasons for hesitancy in taking COVID-19 vaccines is fear side effects. This study primarily aimed to inspect potential effects circulated Bangladesh.Design and Settings: The was based on a cross-sectional anonymous online survey conducted December 2021 across Bangladesh.Participants: included consenting Bangladeshi individuals aged 12 above who had received at least one dose vaccines.Main Outcome: Analyses were carried out through exploratory analysis,...
Abstract Background Weather extremes are predicted to influence pathogen exposure but their effects on specific fecal-oral transmission pathways not well investigated. We evaluated of extreme rain and temperature during different antecedent periods (0-14 days) E. coli along eight in rural Bangladeshi households. Methods was enumerated mother child hand rinses, food, stored drinking water, tubewells, flies, ponds, courtyard soil using IDEXX Quanti-Tray/2000 nine rounds over 3·5 years...
Diarrhea and malnutrition remain major health problems among children of developing countries. During diarrhea, the patient's dietary intake absorption nutrients are reduced while nutritional requirements increased.To determine relationship between food clinical response during hospital stay patients with acute diarrhea.A hospital-based longitudinal study was conducted in 118 diarrhea aged 6 to 59 months who required treatment for at least 3 days in-patient ward Dhaka Hospital International...
Milk consumption rendering the proof of geographical provenance is a vital issue in food and consumer protection. The present study deals with discrimination Bangladeshi cow milk according to their region production using multi element compositions. concentration Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, Ni, As, Mn, Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na K fresh from four climatic zones (South-Central, South-Western, Western North-Western) were measured by flame graphite furnace atomic-absorption spectroscopy (FAAS GFAAS)....