A5080373074- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Protein purification and stability
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Cellular transport and secretion
Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)
2012-2023
University of California, San Diego
1993-2014
Leibniz Association
2006-2012
University of Manchester
2011
Heidelberg University
2007
Institute of Molecular Biology
1998-2002
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology
1998
University of Kaiserslautern
1996
Forschungszentrum Jülich
1989-1992
HPr(Ser) kinase is the sensor in a multicomponent phosphorelay system that controls catabolite repression, sugar transport and carbon metabolism Gram‐positive bacteria. Unlike most other protein kinases, it recognizes tertiary structure its target protein, HPr, phosphocarrier of bacterial phosphotransferase transcriptional cofactor controlling phenomenon repression. We have identified gene ( ptsK ) encoding this serine/threonine characterized purified product. Orthologues PtsK been only...
PML nuclear bodies (NBs) are involved in the regulation of key pathways but their biochemical function metabolism is unknown. In this study NB assembly dynamics were assessed by live cell imaging and mathematic modeling its major component parts. We show that all six isoforms exhibit individual exchange rates at NBs identify V as a scaffold subunit. SP100 exchanges least five times faster than proteins. Turnover modulated SUMOylation. Exchange not temperature-dependent depletion cellular ATP...
To investigate the dynamics of centromere organization, we have assessed exchange rates inner proteins (CENPs) by quantitative microscopy throughout cell cycle in human cells. CENP-A and CENP-I are stable components that incorporated into centromeres via a “loading-only” mechanism G1 S phase, respectively. A subfraction CENP-H also stays stably bound to centromeres. In contrast, CENP-B, CENP-C, some hMis12 exhibit distinct cycle–specific binding stabilities, with residence times ranging from...
Centromeres are important structural constituents of chromosomes that ensure proper chromosome segregation during mitosis by providing defined sites for kinetochore attachment. In higher eukaryotes, centromeres have no specific DNA sequence and thus, they rather determined through epigenetic mechanisms. A fundamental process in centromere establishment is the incorporation histone variant CENP-A into centromeric chromatin, which provides a binding platform other proteins. The Mis18 complex,...
We showed recently that secretion of glutamate in biotin-limited cells Corynebacterium glutamicum is mediated by carrier systems the plasma membrane (C. Hoischen and R. Krämer, Arch. Microbiol. 151:342-347, 1989). In view generally accepted hypothesis efflux directly caused alterations membrane, it was necessary to examine kind correlation between changes lipid content composition bacterial activity. Two new experimental approaches were used. (i) Changes analyzed glutamate-producing which...
The active uptake system for glutamate in Corynebacterium glutamicum is inducible by growth on as sole energy and carbon source also susceptible to catabolite repression glucose. basic level of activity low glucose‐grown cells (1.5 nmol · mg dry mass −1 min ), it intermediate when acetate the (3.8 ) becomes fully induced (15 ). In all cases has, except different V max values, identical kinetic energetic properties, characterized a apparent K m value 0.5–1.3 μM high substrate specificity....
Centromeres are differentiated chromatin domains, present once per chromosome, that direct segregation of the genome in mitosis and meiosis by specifying assembly kinetochore. They distinct genetic loci their identity most organisms is determined not DNA sequences they associated with, but through specific composition context. The core nucleosomal protein CENP-A/cenH3 plays a primary role centromere determination all species directs large complex proteins vertebrates. While CENP-A itself...
Accurate chromosome segregation requires the assembly of kinetochores, multiprotein complexes that assemble on centromere each sister chromatid. A key step in this process involves binding constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN) to CENP-A, histone H3 variant constitutes centromeric nucleosomes. This is proposed operate as a persistent structural scaffold for outer kinetochore during mitosis. Here, we show by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) N-terminus CENP-N lies close...
The cells of an L-form strain Streptomyces hygroscopicus have been grown for 20 years without a cell wall. Their cytoplasmic membranes high stability and unusual structural polymorphism. To clarify the importance lipid components these membrane properties, comparative analysis has carried out with purified cells, parent vegetative hyphal (N-form cells), protoplasts derived from latter. phospholipid classes fatty acids were determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), two-dimensional TLC,...
ABSTRACT Recently it has been demonstrated that L-form cells of Proteus mirabilis (L VI), which lack a periplasmic compartment, can be efficiently used in the production and secretion heterologous proteins. In search novel expression systems for recombinant antibodies, we compared levels single-chain variable-fragment (scFv) Escherichia coli JM109 P. L VI, express four distinct scFvs potential clinical interest show differences their tendencies to form aggregates upon expression. Production...
Abstract We have previously reported the overexpression, purification, and biochemical properties of Bacillus subtilis Enzyme I phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) (Reizer, J., et al., 1992, J. Biol. Chem. 267 , 9158–9169). now report sequencing ptsl gene B. encoding (570 amino acids 63, 076 Da). Putative transcriptional regulatory signals are identified, pts operon is shown to be subject carbon source‐dependent regulation. Multiple alignments with (1) six other...
Kinetochores are multi-protein megadalton assemblies that required for attachment of microtubules to centromeres and, in turn, the segregation chromosomes mitosis. Kinetochore assembly is a cell cycle regulated multi-step process. The initial step occurs during interphase and involves loading 15-subunit constitutive centromere associated complex (CCAN), which contains 5-subunit (CENP-P/O/R/Q/U) sub-complex. Here we show using fluorescent three-hybrid (F3H) assay fluorescence resonance energy...
The functional identity of centromeres arises from a set specific nucleoprotein particle subunits the centromeric chromatin fibre. These include CENP-A and histone H3 nucleosomes novel nucleosome-like complex CENPs -T, -W, -S -X. Fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) revealed that human CENP-S -X exist principally in soluble form retain proximity when assembled at centromeres. Conditional labelling experiments show they both assemble de novo...
DNA segregation in mammalian cells during mitosis is an essential cellular process that mediated by a specific subchromosomal protein complex, the kinetochore. Malfunction of this complex results aneuploidy and can cause cancer. A subkinetochore "inner kinetochore", present at centromere entire cell cycle. Its location seems to be defined settlement CENP-A (CENH3), which replaces histone H3 centromeric nucleosomes. This suggests recruit further inner kinetochore proteins direct binding....
Cell division and cell wall synthesis are tightly linked cellular processes for bacterial growth. A protoplast-type L-form Escherichia coli, strain LW1655F+, indicated that bacteria can divide without assembling a wall. However, the molecular basis of its phenotype remained unknown. To establish first phenotype-genotype correlation, we analyzed dcw locus, other genes involved in E. coli. The analysis revealed defective ftsQ mraY genes, truncated by nonsense frame-shift mutation,...