A5073223800- HIV Research and Treatment
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Galectins and Cancer Biology
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Biotin and Related Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- interferon and immune responses
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
2016-2024
Hallym University
2005-2010
Institute of Life Sciences
2005
Suppression of HIV replication by antiretroviral therapy (ART) or host immunity can prevent AIDS but not other HIV-associated conditions including neurocognitive impairment (HIV-NCI). Pathogenesis in HIV-suppressed individuals has been attributed to reservoirs latent-inducible virus resting CD4+ T cells. Macrophages are persistently infected with their role as vivo fully explored. Here we show that infection conventional mice chimeric HIV, EcoHIV, reproduces physiological for development...
EcoHIV is a chimeric HIV that replicates in mice CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and microglia (but not neurons), causing lasting neurocognitive impairment resembling disease people living with HIV. The present study was designed to develop EcoHIV-susceptible primary mouse brain cultures investigate the indirect effects of infection on neuronal integrity. We used two clones encoding EGFP bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM), mixed or enriched glial cells from wild-type strains test replication...
HIV causes neurodegeneration and dementia in AIDS patients, but its function milder cognitive impairments virologically suppressed patients on antiretroviral therapy is unknown. Such are immunocompetent, have low peripheral brain burdens, show minimal neuropathology. Using the model of HIV-related memory impairment EcoHIV-infected conventional mice, we investigated neurobiological consequences efficient EcoHIV expression mouse after intracerebral infection. integrated persisted an expressed...
People living with HIV (PLH) have significantly higher rates of cognitive impairment (CI) and major depressive disorder (MDD) versus the general population. The enzyme neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) is involved in biogenesis ceramide extracellular vesicles (EVs), both which are dysregulated PLH, CI, MDD. Here we evaluated EcoHIV-infected mice for behavioral abnormalities relevant to depression cognition deficits, assessed biochemical effects nSMase2 inhibition. Mice were infected...
Thirty-eight million people worldwide are living with HIV, PWH, a major public health problem. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) revolutionized HIV treatment and significantly increased the lifespan of PWH. However, approximately 15-50% PWH develop associated neurocognitive disorders (HIV-NCI), spectrum cognitive deficits, that negatively impact quality life. Many also have opioid use disorder (OUD), studies in animal models infection as well suggest OUD can contribute to HIV-NCI. The synthetic...
Abstract HIV enters the brain within days of infection causing neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in up to half infected people despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy. The virus is believed enter monocytes through chemotaxis major monocyte chemokine, CCL2, but roles CCL2 established NCI are not fully defined. We addressed this question during conventional and knockout mice with EcoHIV which can be verified behavioral tests. mouse 5 infection, develops gradually cognitive disease starting 25...
Prions have been extensively studied since they represent a new class of infectious agents, the pathogenic prion protein (PrPSc). However, central question on physiological function normal (PrPC) remains unresolved. A cell model which was previously established from Rikn mice (PrP−/−) problematic because its ectopic expression doppel (Dpl) may neurotoxic effect. Here we neuronal lines Zürich I do not express Dpl and ICR (PrP+/+) by transfecting with plasmid encoding for large T antigen SV40....
The elevation of nitric oxide (NO) within the central nervous system (CNS) is known to be associated with pathogenesis neurodegenerative diseases such as HIV-associated dementia (HAD), brain ischemia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. NO enzymatically formed by enzyme synthase (NOS). There are two forms NOS, constitutive inducible form. form present in endothelial cells (eNOS) neurons (nNOS). (iNOS) expressed various cell types including astroglia microglia CNS. Using an animal...
Cigarette smoke usage is prevalent in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, and, despite highly active antiretroviral therapy, these individuals develop an accelerated form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Studies investigating the mechanisms COPD development HIV have been limited by lack suitable mouse models. Here we describe a model HIV-induced wild-type mice using EcoHIV, chimeric capable establishing infection immunocompetent mice. A/J were infected with...
Previous studies have reported that various inbred SAM mouse strains differ markedly with regard to a variety of parameters, such as capacity for learning and memory, life spans brain histopathology. A potential cause differences seen in these may be based on the fact some high concentration infectious murine leukemia virus (MuLV) brain, whereas other little or no virus. To elucidate effect higher titer endogenous retrovirus astroglial cells we established cell lines from SAMR1 SAMP8 mice,...
Abstract HIV enters the brain within days of infection causing neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in up to half infected people despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy. The virus is believed enter monocytes through chemotaxis major monocyte chemokine, CCL2, but direct demonstration role CCL2 NCI pathogenesis vivo lacking. We addressed this question during conventional or knockout mice with EcoHIV which can be verified behavioral tests. develops gradually mice, chronic cognitive disease...
Prion diseases are infectious and fatal neurodegenerative which require the cellular prion protein, PrPC, for development of diseases. The current study shows that PrPC augments infectivity plaque formation a mouse endogenous retrovirus, MuLV. We have established four neuronal cell lines expressing PrP+/+; two express wild type (MoPrPwild) other mutant (MoPrPmut). Infection cells from various PrP+/+ PrP-/- (MoPrPKO) with MuLV yielded at least three times as many plaques in than PrP-/-....
Previous studies have reported that inbred SAM mouse strains remarkedly different characteristics in a variety of parameters: especially concentration infectious murine leukemia viruses (MuLV). To elucidate the effect higher titer MuLV brains SAMP8 has on clinical changes seen this strain, we established astrocyte cell lines from SAMR1 and mice. MuLV-negative ICR mice served as controls. Comparison these showed differences in: 1) morphology, 2) replication rates cells final concentrations,...
Prions have been extensively studied since they represented a new class of infectious agents, the pathogenic prion protein (PrPSc). However, question on physiological function normal (PrPC) remains unresolved. Previously, we established PrP–deficient cell lines from Zürich I mice (Zür PrP–/–) to settle problem Rikn PrP–/– model which expresses doppel (Dpl). We used lines, Zpl 2–1, 2–4, 3–4 I, and ZW 13–1, 13–2, 13–3 (ICR, PrP+/+) investigate cDNA gene expression profiles. Also Hpl (Rikn, HW...