A5028444480- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Chemistry and Stereochemistry Studies
- COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing
- Environmental Education and Sustainability
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Political Conflict and Governance
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Johns Hopkins University
2021-2024
University of Oxford
2018-2023
Public Health England
2020-2022
Open Data Institute
2020-2021
The Kids Research Institute Australia
2021
SummaryBackgroundSubstantial progress has been made in reducing the burden of malaria Africa since 2000, but those gains could be jeopardised if COVID-19 pandemic affects availability key control interventions. The aim this study was to evaluate plausible effects on incidence and mortality under different levels disruption control.MethodsUsing an established set spatiotemporal Bayesian geostatistical models, we generated geospatial estimates across malaria-endemic African countries clinical...
Abstract Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are one of the most widespread and impactful malaria interventions in Africa, yet a spatially-resolved time series ITN coverage has never been published. Using data from multiple sources, we generate high-resolution maps access, use, nets-per-capita annually 2000 to 2020 across 40 highest-burden African countries. Our findings support several existing hypotheses: that use is high among those with discarded more quickly than official policy presumes,...
Accurate estimates of health facility catchment populations are crucial for understanding spatial heterogeneity in disease incidence, targeting healthcare interventions, and allocating resources effectively. Despite improvements reporting, reliable population data remain sparse. This study introduces a Bayesian gravity model-based approach estimating at facilities, with focus on Zambia's routine malaria surveillance from 2018-2023. Our method integrates health-seeking behavior,...
Abstract Background Anti-malarial drugs play a critical role in reducing malaria morbidity and mortality, but their is mediated by effectiveness. Effectiveness defined as the probability that an anti-malarial drug will successfully treat individual infected with parasites under routine health care delivery system. effectiveness (AmE) influenced resistance, quality, system patient adherence to use; its influence on burden varies through space time. Methods This study uses data from 232...
Predictive models informed by theory may produce policy-relevant prediction of terrorism.
Abstract Background Many malaria-endemic areas experience seasonal fluctuations in case incidence as Anopheles mosquito and Plasmodium parasite life cycles respond to changing environmental conditions. Identifying location-specific seasonality characteristics is useful for planning interventions. While most existing maps of malaria use fixed thresholds rainfall, temperature, and/or vegetation indices identify suitable transmission months, we construct a statistical modelling framework...
Abstract Malaria transmission in Madagascar is highly heterogeneous, exhibiting spatial, seasonal and long-term trends. Previous efforts to map malaria risk used prevalence data from Indicator Surveys. These cross-sectional surveys, conducted during the high season most recently 2013 2016, provide nationally representative but cover relatively short time frames. Conversely, monthly case are collected at health facilities suffer biases, including incomplete reporting low rates of treatment...
Introduction Despite gains in global coverage of childhood vaccines, many children remain undervaccinated. Although mass vaccination campaigns are commonly conducted to reach these their effectiveness is unclear. We evaluated the a campaign reaching zero-dose children. Methods prospective study 10 health centre catchment areas Southern province, Zambia November 2020. About 2 months before national measles and rubella by Ministry Health, we used aerial satellite maps identify built...
Abstract Online supermarket platforms present an opportunity for encouraging healthier consumer purchases. A parallel, double‐blind randomised controlled trial tested whether promoting products (e.g. lower fat and calorie) on the Sainsbury's online platform would increase purchases of those products. Participants were Nectar loyalty membership scheme cardholders who shopped with between 20th September 10th October 2017. Intervention arm customers saw advertisement banners recipe ingredient...
Human mobility patterns changed greatly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite many analyses investigating general trends, there has been less work characterising changes in on a fine spatial scale and developing frameworks model these changes. We analyse zip code-level within-city data from 26 US cities between February 2 –August 31, 2020. use Bayesian models characterise initial decrease June—August at this scale. There were similar temporal trends across but large variations magnitude of...
Disaggregation modeling, or downscaling, has become an important discipline in epidemiology. Surveillance data, aggregated over large regions, is becoming more common, leading to increasing demand for modeling frameworks that can deal with this data understand spatial patterns. regression models use response heterogeneous regions make predictions at fine-scale the region by using covariates inform heterogeneity. This paper presents R package disaggregation, which provides functionality...
The UK low-risk drinking guidelines (LRDG) recommend not regularly more than 14 units of alcohol per week. We tested the effect different pictorial representations content, some with a health warning, on knowledge LRDG and understanding how many drinks it equates to.Parallel randomized controlled trial.On-line, 25 January-1 February 2019.Participants (n = 7516) were English, aged over 18 years drink alcohol.The control group saw existing industry-standard labels; six intervention groups...
Abstract Disaggregation regression has become an important tool in spatial disease mapping for making fine‐scale predictions of risk from aggregated response data. By including high resolution covariate information and modeling the data generating process on a fine scale, it is hoped that these models can accurately learn relationships between covariates at scale. However, validating be challenge, as often there no observed this In study, disaggregation was performed simulated various...
Maps of disease burden are a core tool needed for the control and elimination malaria. Reliable routine surveillance data malaria incidence, typically aggregated to administrative units, is becoming more widely available. Disaggregation regression an important model framework estimating high resolution risk maps from data. However, aggregation incidence over large, heterogeneous areas means that these underpowered complex, non-linear models. In contrast, prevalence point-surveys directly...
Summary As malaria incidence decreases and more countries move towards elimination, maps of risk in low prevalence areas are increasingly needed. For burden areas, disaggregation regression models have been developed to estimate at high spatial resolution from routine surveillance reports aggregated by administrative unit polygons. However, with both data surveys, that make use the information point-surveys great potential. Using case studies Indonesia, Senegal Madagascar, we compare two...
We investigated whether a zip code's location or demographics are most predictive of changes in daily mobility throughout the course COVID-19 pandemic.
A primary use of malaria parasite genomics is identifying highly related infections to quantify epidemiological, spatial, or temporal factors associated with patterns transmission. For example, spatial clustering parasites can indicate foci transmission and differences in relatedness serve as evidence for changes over time. However, settings moderate high endemicity, understanding compromised by complex infections, overall forces infection, a diverse population. It not clear how much these...
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many facets of human behavior, including mobility partially driven by the implementation non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as stay at home orders, travel restrictions, and workplace school closures. Given importance in transmission SARS-CoV-2, there have been an increase analyses data to understand date. However, despite abundance these analyses, few focused on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Here, we use mobile phone calling provide a spatially...