A5008229691- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Malaria Research and Control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- ICT in Developing Communities
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Travel-related health issues
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Aging, Elder Care, and Social Issues
- Child Development and Digital Technology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Caching and Content Delivery
- Electricity Theft Detection Techniques
- Community Health and Development
- Innovation and Socioeconomic Development
Baltimore City Health Department
2025
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2022-2024
Johns Hopkins University
2013-2022
Tropical Pesticides Research Institute
2022
Vector (United States)
2018-2021
Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs
2014-2020
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2018
Abstract Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are one of the most widespread and impactful malaria interventions in Africa, yet a spatially-resolved time series ITN coverage has never been published. Using data from multiple sources, we generate high-resolution maps access, use, nets-per-capita annually 2000 to 2020 across 40 highest-burden African countries. Our findings support several existing hypotheses: that use is high among those with discarded more quickly than official policy presumes,...
Despite targeted indoor residual spraying (IRS) over a six-year period and free mass distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), malaria rates in northern Ghana remain high. Outdoor sleeping other night-time social, cultural economic activities that increase exposure to infective mosquito bites are possible contributors. This study was designed document these phenomena through direct observation, explore the context which they occur.During late dry season months February...
Effective targeting and evaluation of interventions that protect against adult malaria vectors requires an understanding how gaps in personal protection arise. An improved human mosquito behaviour, they overlap time space, is critical to estimating the impact insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) determining when where supplemental tools are needed. Methods for weighting estimates exposure biting Anopheles mosquitoes according people spend their were first developed over half a century ago....
Use of insecticide treated nets is widely recognized as one the main interventions to prevent malaria and high use rates are a central goal programs. The gap between household ownership at least ITN population has in past been seen evidence for failure achieve appropriate net use. However, studies compared with net, not access sufficient within households. This study recalculates recent large surveys using comparison indicator 'access household' now recommended by Roll Back Malaria World...
Intensive malaria control interventions in the United Republic of Tanzania have contributed to reductions prevalence. Given that remains reliant upon continued use long-lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) even when threat has been reduced, this qualitative study sought understand how changes perceived risk influence LLIN usage, and explore more detail benefits net are unrelated malaria. Eleven focus group discussions were conducted Bukoba Rural district Zanzibar Urban West late 2011....
The degree to which insecticide-treated net (ITN) supply accounts for age and gender disparities in ITN use among household members is unknown. This study explores the role of variation sub-Saharan Africa.Data was from Malaria Indicator Surveys or Demographic Health collected between 2011 2016 29 countries Africa. main outcome previous night. Other key variables included (nets/household members), members. Analytical methods logistic regressions meta-regression.Across countries, median...
With the recent publication of WHO-recommended methods to estimate net survival, comparative analyses from different areas have now become possible. this in mind, a study was undertaken Nigeria compare performance specific long-lasting insecticidal (LLIN) product three socio-ecologically areas. In addition, objective assess feasibility retrospective design for durability.In states, Zamfara north, Nasarawa centre and Cross River south, four local government were selected one year after mass...
Mass and continuous distribution channels have significantly increased access to insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) in Ghana since 2000. Despite these gains, a large gap remains between ITN use.A qualitative research study was carried out explore the individual contextual factors influencing use among those with three sites Ghana. Eighteen focus group discussions, free listing ranking activities were 174 participants; seven of participants selected for in-depth case study. Focus discussions...
Zanzibar has maintained malaria prevalence below 1% for the past decade, yet elimination remains elusive despite high coverage of core vector control interventions. As part a study investigating magnitude and drivers residual transmission in Zanzibar, qualitative methods were utilized to better understand night time activities sleeping patterns, individual community-level risk perceptions, prevention practices. A total 62 in-depth interviews conducted with community members local leaders...
Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are the primary tool for malaria vector control in sub-Saharan Africa, and have been responsible an estimated two-thirds of reduction global burden recent years. While ultimate goal is high levels ITN use to confer protection against infected mosquitoes, it widely accepted that must be understood context availability. However, despite nearly a decade universal coverage campaigns, no country has achieved measured level 80% households owning 1 2 people national...
Abstract Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the primary malaria prevention and control intervention in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. While LLINs expected to last at least 3 years under normal use conditions, they can lose effectiveness because fall out use, discarded, repurposed, physically damaged, or activity. The contributions these different interrelated factors durability their protection against have been unclear. Methods Starting 2009, LLIN studies were...
There are striking similarities in health system and other contexts between Tanzania Ghana that relevant to the scaling up of continuous delivery insecticide treated nets (ITNs) for malaria prevention. However, specific contextual factors relevance ITN have led implementation down very different pathways two countries. Both countries made major efforts investments address this intervention through integrating consumer discount vouchers into system. Discount require arrangements among public,...
The use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) is crucial to the prevention, control, and elimination malaria. Using household surveys conducted in 2014–2015 by Health Communication Capacity Collaborative project Madagascar, Mali, Nigeria, we compared a model psychosocial influence, called Ideation, examine how malaria-related variables influence individual net each these countries. Evaluations non-malaria programs have confirmed value ideational approach, but it infrequently used guide...
Abstract Most malaria-endemic countries have struggled in the past decade to establish effective national-scale continuous distribution mechanisms for long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). Since implementation of Tanzania National Voucher Scheme 2004 and mass-distribution campaigns 2009–2011 2015–2016, has been committed finding new innovative ways achieving maintaining universal bed net coverage. Planning School Net Programme (SNP) began 2011 2013, country piloted a SNP three regions....
Abstract Background Physical durability of long-lasting-insecticidal nets (LLIN) is an important aspect the effectiveness LLIN as a malaria prevention tool, but there limited data on performance across locations and products. This secondary analysis from VectorWorks project 10 sites in four African countries involving six brands provides such data. Methods A total 4672 campaign 1976 households were recruited into prospective cohort studies 2–6 months after distribution through campaigns...
Monitoring insecticide-treated net (ITN) coverage and use generally relies on household surveys which occur a relatively infrequent basis. Because indicators of are used to forecast the need for ITNs aid in planning ITN distribution campaigns, higher frequency monitoring could be helpful guide programme strategies. The mobile phone-based survey (MPS) strategies low-income middle-income countries has emerged as rapid comparatively inexpensive complement large-scale population-based surveys,...
Background: Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) vary greatly in their physical characteristics yet the relationship with field durability remains poorly understood. To address this, we refined existing resistance to damage (RD) metric for greater predictive power estimating operational lifespan and identify key avenues of innovation. Methods: The original (oRD) score was calculated by comparing four attributes; snag strength, bursting hole enlargement abrasion resistance; against aspirational...
Until recently only two indicators were used to evaluate malaria prevention with insecticide-treated nets (ITN): "proportion of households any ITN" and the population using an ITN last night". This study explores potential expanded set recommended by Roll Back Malaria Monitoring Evaluation Reference Group (MERG) for comprehensive analysis universal coverage applying them Nigeria 2010 Indicator Survey data.The additional at least one every people" access within household" calculated as MERG....
While significant focus has been given to net distribution, little is known about what done with nets that leave a household, either be used by others or when they are discarded. To better understand the magnitude of sharing LLIN between households and patterns discarding LLIN, present study pools data from 14 post-campaign surveys draw larger conclusions fate households. Data sub-national conducted in Ghana, Senegal, Nigeria (10 states), Uganda 2009 2012 were pooled. Survey design...
Tanzania achieved universal coverage with long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in October 2011, after three years of free mass net distribution campaigns and is now faced the challenge maintaining high as wear out population grows. A process exploring options for a continuous or "Keep-Up" system was initiated early 2011. This paper presents first time comprehensive national to review major considerations, findings recommendations implementation new strategy. Stakeholder meetings site...
Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Liberia. At the same time, insecticide-treated net (ITN) ownership use remain low. Access key determinant ITN but it not only one; prior studies have identified factors that affect ITNs households with at least one ITN. These operate individual, household, community levels. However, generally assessed psychosocial or ideational determinants use. Using 2014 household survey data, this manuscript examines socio-demographic, ideational,...
While some data on net durability have been accumulating in recent years, including formative qualitative research attitudes towards care and repair, no are available how the of a is influenced by behaviour maintenance, whether behavioural change interventions (BCC) could substantially impact average useful life net.The study used an intervention-control design with before-after assessment through repeated cross-sectional household surveys two-stage cluster sampling following Nasarawa...
SBCC campaigns are designed to act on cognitive, social and emotional factors at the individual or community level. The combination of these factors, referred as 'ideation', play a role in determining behaviour by reinforcing confirming decisions about particular health topic. This study introduces ideation theory mediation analysis way evaluate impact malaria campaign Tanzania, determine whether exposure communication programme influenced universal coverage through mediating ideational variables.